Objective To observe the effects of endobronchial decimeter wave therapy on ventilation func-tion of patients with the constrictive endobronehial tuberculosis (EBTB). Methods Forty-four EBTB patients weredivided into an experiment group and a control group. All the patients of the two groups were treated with generalchemotherapy, the patients of experiment group accepted endobronehial decimeter wave therapy at the same time. Thepurulent secretion or caseous necrosis of the diseased region was drawn-off from the bronchi lumina by bronchoseope,then the antenna of the decimeter wave irradiator was inserted into the diseased region through the biopsy pore to per-form the radiation. The vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in the 1st second and maximal voluntary ventilationwere tested before and 60 days after the operation. Results Endobronehial decimeter wave therapy significantly re-duced the constriction of bronchi, improved the lung ventilation function, and relieved the anhelation symptom of pa-tients in the experiment group to a significantly larger extent than those in the controls group (P< 0. 01 ). Moreover,the therapeutic effects of endobronchial decimeter wave therapy were more significant for the endomembrane tuberculo-sis with pulmonary closure due to ulcerous necrosis or granulation hyperplasy ( P < 0. 05 ) , but ineffective for the atro-phy due to fibrous constriction. Conclusion Endobronchial decimeter wave therapy could reduce the incidence oflung closure in endomembrane tuberculosis and improve lung function.

Objective To evaluate hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in neonates with diffusion-weighted MR imaging, and to explore the value and limitation of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) compared with conventional magnetic resonance imaging.Methods Conventional magnetic resonance T 1-weighted imaging (T 1WI) and DWI (b=700 s/mm2) were performed in 36 neonates with HIE ( average age, 8.44 days; range, 3 hours to 22 days ), and the cortex and subcortical white matter, deep white matter, basal ganglia and thalamus, cerebral ventricle, and extra-cerebral interspace etc were observed.Results Signal abnormalities were shown on DWI with hypoxic-ischemic insults, which included diffuse brain damage (19.4%, 7/36): extensive high signals in the regional cortex, subcortical and deep white matter; localized brain damage: high signals along lateral ventricular wall and triangular part (27.8%, 10/36 ), and punctate high signals in the frontal deep white matter (5.6%, 2/36).On T 1WI, the incidence of the corresponding changes were 16.7% (6/36), 36.1% (13/36), and 30.6%(11/36), respectively.Hemorrhagic lesions demonstrated high signals on T 1WI and no signals on DWI.Conclusion DWI was applicable for acute HIE, and T 1WI was suitable for subacute and chronic HIE.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of external hydrocephalus in infancy with MR imaging,and to explore the cause of accumulation of extracerebral fluid and the relation with brain development.Methods Conventional magnetic resonance T_1 weighted imaging(T_1WI) and T_2 weighted imaging(T_2WI) were performed in 46 infants aged 2 years or younger with external hydrocephalus(EH),and the results were analyzed.They were divided into 7 age groups.The width of extracerabral space was measured on T_2WI and compared with normal standard.Results EH mainly resulted from infection,subdural hematoma or subarachnoid hemorrhage,HIE,which were 67.4%(31/46 cases) of the cases;EH with unknown cause were 26.1%(12/46 cases).EH was mainly located at the foreside of cerebral convexity,of which 80.4%(37/46 cases)was predominantly in the subarachnoid space,8.7%(4/46 cases) in subdural space,10.9% was subdural coexisted with subarachnoid collection.Duramater and piamater were high signal on T_1WI or T_2WI in purulent meningitis,and subdural or coexisted with subarachnoid collection often occurred.In subdural and(or) subarachnoid hematoma,subdural collection commonly coexisted with subarachnoid collection,and the cerebral cortical veins were often seen thickened diameter,stasis and hemorrhage with high signals on T_1WI.HIE caused subarachnoid collection,63.6%(7/11 cases) of which were concurred with delayed myelination.EH with unknown cause often appeared bilateral symmetrical subarachnoid collection.Enlargement of ventricular size were predominantly seen in HIE,subdural hematoma or subarachnoid hemorrhage.Conclusion EH often had definite etiological factor,which were mainly hemorrhage,infection and HIE.The location was associated with brain development.MR imaging was useful for judging reason and ascertaining character of EH.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of cardioplegic solution enriched with different doses of glutathione on myocardial injury in children undergoing cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).MethodsForty-eight ASA [Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients aged 2-5 yr undergoing repair of ventricular septal defect under CPB were randomly divided into 4 groups (n ＝ 12 each):control group (group C) and cardioplegic solution containing 3 different-dose of glutathione groups ( group G1-3 ).Glutathione 50,75,100 mg/kg were added to cardioplegic solution in group G1-3 respectively.Blood samples were collected before operation (T0),at 30 min after release of aortic cross-clamp (T1),at 6,12,24 h after termination of CPB (T2-4) for determination of plasma cTnI concentration.Myocardial specimens were obtained from right auricle before aortic cross-clamp and 15 min after release of aortic cross-clamp.The ultrastructure of myocardium was examined with scanning electron microscope.A mitochondrial FlaMeng semiquantitative analysis was done.ResultsThe plasma concentration of cTnI at T3,4 were significantly lower in groups G1,2 than in group C.The plasma concentration of cTnI at T1-4 were significantly lower in group G3 than in group C and group G1,2.The quantization score of myocardial mitochondria at 15 min after release of aortic cross-clamp were significantly lower in group G3 than in group C and group G1,2.Micorscopic examination showed that the injury to myocardial ultrastructure was attenuated in group G3 compared with group C.Conclusion Cardioplegic solution enriched with glutathione can reduce myocardial injury induced by CPB in a dose dependent manner.Glutathione 100 mg/kg can exert a visibly protective effect on myocardium.

Objective To study action mechanism of Shuanghuang Xiaocuo Pills for treatment of rabbit ear acne models. Methods Totally 48 male Japanese white rabbits were divided into blank group, model group, positive medicine group, and Shuanghuang Xiaocuo Pills low, medium, and high dose groups through random number table method. Except for blank group, other groups established rabbit ear acne models. After the models were established, these groups received gavage with relevant medicine, once a day, for 14 days. Then all the rabbit models were under blood sampling. Radioimmunoassay was used to detect contents of IL-8 and TNF-α in serum. Results Compared with blank group, the contents of IL-8 and TNF-αincreased significantly in the model group (P<0.01). Compared with model group, except for Shuanghuang Xiaocuo Pills low dose group, the contents of IL-8 and TNF-αdecreased significantly in other treatment groups (P<0.01). Conclusion Shuanghuang Xiaozuo Pills can treat acne by reducing the contents of IL-8 and TNF-αin serum.

To study the diagnosis and treatment of primary testicular neoplasms. Methods:39 cases of primary testicular neoplasms were analysed retrospectively. Results:There were 4,28 and 7 cases in the groups of 1～4 years (10.3％)、15～50 years (71.8％) and over 50 years (17.9％) respectively. 20 patients were semi noma (51.3 ％ ), 18 nonseminoma (46.1％ ), 1 lymphoma (2.6％ ). The cardinal clinical manifestation was painless solid enlargement of the testis. Ultrasonography demonstrated a hypoechoic or heterogeneous echoic mass. CT and MR could provide informations about the retroperitoneal metastasis lymph nodes and malignant changed ab dominal testis. Elevation of AFP and β-HCG noted in 50％ and 40％ of patients with nonseminomatous germ cell tumor? (NSGCT). Combined therapy, including radical orchiectomy、 retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) ,radiation therapy and chemotherapy,were taken. 30 patients have been followed up for 2～5 years,2 of them died of distant metastasis. Conclusions: An intratesticular mass must be considered malignant until proved otherwise. Ultrosonography should be included a conventional examination. CT and MR scan is conducive to clinical staging. Tumor marks is helpful to predicting prognosis and monitoring therapeutic response. The choice of treatment is based upon the pathological type and clinical stage.

Objective To study clinical application of Bard automated disposable instrument for percutaneous transtheracic biopsy guided by CT in diagnosis of pulmonary lesions. Methods Percutaneons transthoracic biopsy was performed with CT-guided Bard automated disposable instrument for 95 patients with pulmonary lesions but without established diagnosis by clinical and imaging procedures in order to obtain pathological diagnosis. Results Tissue specimens were obtained from all the 95 patients by Bard automated disposable instrument for percutaneous transthoracis biopsy, with a hundred percent of success. After the procedure, 68 of 95 were pathologically diagnosed as lung cancer (including adenocarcinoma in 44,squamous carcinoma in 19, alveolar cell carcinoma in three and small cell carcinoma in two), 10 as chronic inflammatory lesions, eight as tuberculosis, two as inflammatory pseudotumor, one as metastatic cancer, two as fungal infection, and four without an established diagnosis, with an overall diagnosis rate of 95.8%.Pneumothorax occurred in eight and mild haemoptysis in six of 95 patients, respectively, by the procedure.Conclusion Percutaneons transthoracic biopsy with Bard automated disposable instrument is an effective diagnostic procedure for patients with pulmonary lesions but their diagnoses were not established by routine examinations.

Our purpose is to introduce and analyze the data quality assurance (DQA) protocol of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). A water phantom was scanned to get DQA indexes. An fMRI sequence was used to get signal noise ratio (SNR) and Drift, which was calculated from maximum difference ratio of the average signal intensity in the region of interest (ROI) of image serials. The long period application of this method demonstrated that this DQA protocol can reflect imaging performance and the state of stability of the MRI scanner. Some application experience and discussion involved in DQA were also presented here.
Algorithms ; Artifacts ; Artificial Intelligence ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Phantoms, Imaging ; standards ; Quality Control

OBJECTIVETo evaluate prostate specific antigen (PSA) and transition zone index (TZI) as predictors of acute urinary retention (AUR) in men with benign prostate hyperplasia(BPH).

METHODSThe complete data of 602 cases of BPH were reviewed and analyzed.

RESULTSMean serum PSA and TZI were (6.60 +/- 3.4) microgram/L and (0.71 +/- 0.14) in AUR group, (3.51 +/- 2.3) microgram/L and (0.46 +/- 0.21) in non-AUR group, respectively. There were significant differences in serum PSA and TZI between the two groups(P < 0.05). The difference in incidence of AUR between serum PSA < 4.0 micrograms/L, 4.0-10.0 micrograms/L and PSA > 10.0 micrograms/L was significant (P < 0.05). There was significant positive correlation between serum PSA and TZI(r = 0.213, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSerum PSA and TZI were powerful predictors of the risk of AUR in men with BPH.

Acute Disease ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; complications ; Urinary Retention ; diagnosis

Colonoscopy is an important technical means for screening early colorectal cancer lesions.Accurate segmentation of intestinal polyps helps improve the accuracy of screening.Early screening for lesions is of great significance for the prevention of colorectal cancer,and the segmentation of intestinal polyps is an important research direction.Although intestinal polyp segmentation based on deep learning has achieved acceptable performance,the color variation among intestinal endoscopic images significantly affects it.Based on the ResNet architecture,this study proposes an advanced PE-ResNet in which histogram equalization is used to reduce color influence.Experimental results on five datasets,including ClinicDB,demonstrate that the PE-ResNet model achieves improved performance in intestinal polyp segmentation.