Objective To study the mechanism of toxicity of hexane. Methods SD rats inhaled 15 g/ma n-hexane statically for 8 hours. Results The levels of GSH in whole blood of rats declined significantly (t-test,P＜0. 01). The levels of MDA in serum of rats revealed increasing trend but without statistical significance (t-test,P＞0. 05). The activities of SOD and GSH-Px in liver of rats decreased significantly (t-test,P＜0.01). Conclusion n-Hexane could induce or enhance the reaction of oxygen free radical in organism,and result in damages of lipid peroxidation,which might be one of the mechanisms of the toxicity of alkane.

Objective To study the aesthetic standard and parameters of abdominal profile in young females, in order to provide anatomic data for abdomino plasty and umbilicus reconstruction or transposition. Methods Measurements were conducted in 281 young health females, including height, weight, abdominal length, abdominal width and umbilicus location. All data were analyzed. Results The abdominal length, abdominal width, length from appendix ensiformis to omphalion, length from appendix ensiformis to middle point between appendix ensiformis and symphysion were (37. 93 ± 2. 15), (36. 98 ± 2. 71), (21. 10±1.80), and (18. 96±1. 08) cm, respectively. Abdominal length was positively correlated with height. Abdominal width, and the ratio between abdominal length and width were positively correlated with weight. The location of umbilicus was lower 2. 1 cm than middle point between appendix ensiformis and symphysion. Conclusion The abdominal profile is significant for clinical reference during abdomino plasty and umbilicus reconstruction or transposition.

Purpose To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of giant cell angioblastoma ( GCAB) presenting primarily in the bone. The differential diagnosis is discussed. Methods The clinical, radiological and histopathological profiles in three cases of bony GCAB were reviewed. Results The tumor occurred in two adult females and one boy. The lesion involved the second vertebrae, left distal femur and 3rd to 5th left metacarpal bones in one case each. Clinically, all three patients presented with bone pain. Two patients were accompanied with restricted mobility. Radiological examination showed bone destruction with involvement of adjacent soft tissue in two cases. Histologically, the tumor was composed of irregular angiomatoid nodules which showed striking plexiform architecture. On high power, the nodules were composed of small vessels surrounded by proliferative oval-to-spindled pericytes which showed concentric aggregation around the vascular channels. The hallmark of the lesion was the presence of multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells scat-tered within the nodules. By immunohistochemistry, the endothelial cells were positive for CD31 and CD34, whereas the surrounding pericytes were positive for alpha smooth muscle actin and vimentin. CD68 staining highlighted the osteoclast-like giant cells. Conclu-sions GCAB is a distinctive vascular tumor of intermediate malignancy characterize by local aggressiveness. On rare occasions, GCAB may occur in adult patients and manifest as primary bone lesions. Awareness of its characteristic features will help in the distinction from a variety of disease including granulomatous lesions, plexiform fibrous histiocytoma, tufted hemangioma and Kaposiform heman-gioendothelioma.

Objective To explore the nursing interventions of paronychia caused by Erlotinib therapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients. Methods A total of 78 patients who diagnosed as advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and treated by oral Erlotinib were selected. The occurrence of paronychia among them was observed and the curative effect of certain nursing interventions on paronychia was evaluated. Results Seven out of 78 cases occurred various degrees of paronychia,and certain nursing interventions could effectively prevent and treat paronychia. Conclusions Targeted drug Erlotinib in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer can cause adverse reactions like paronychia,but effective nursing interventions are capable of controlling the adverse reactions, thus further improve the quality of life and ensure the smooth progress of treatment.

Objective To study the characters of using the high pressure injector in the contrast CT scanning for children. Methods Summarized the nursing measures of 407 children who had accepted the contrast CT scanning. Results There were 369 children have obtained perfect effects of CT scanning, 35 children have obtained general effects and there were 2 children failure. Conclusion The method of using high pressure injector in the contrast CT scanning for children is convenient, safety and effective.

Objective To investigate the relevant data and aesthetic standards of hip and thigh profile in young females from the central plain area of China, aiming to provide a credible reference for the clinical application. Methods Measurements were made in 551 young healthy females aged 16 to 21 years, including waist circumference, hip circumference, maximum thigh circumference, thigh length and the ratio between thigh length and height. Based on these data, the features of the hip and thigh profile were analyzed. Results Waist circumference, hip circumference, maximum thigh circumference, thigh length and the ratio between thigh length and height were ( 70. 74 ± 5.86 ), ( 87.16 ± 4. 19 ), ( 51.87 ± 3.27 ),(42.35 ±2.38) cm and (26. 1 ± 1.23) %, respectively. The hip and maximum thigh circumference showed significant difference between different height and weight groups. The thigh length and the ratio between thigh length and height were positively correlated with height. Conclusion The parameters of hip and thigh profile in young females from the central plain area are of significant values in providing quantitative references for the plastic surgery and evaluation of the operation,especially in liposuction.

In recent years, the category of atopic dermatitis (AD) has been updated in domestic and foreign guidelines, and elderly AD has been added as a subtype. The pathogenesis of elderly AD is related to heredity, skin barrier dysfunction, immune dysregulation and lifestyle. Most elderly AD patients have atypical clinical symptoms, and misdiagnosis is very common. To fully understand the pathogenesis and clinical characteristics of elderly AD, and to formulate individualized diagnosis and treatment plans based on clinical characteristics, are particularly important for improving the quality of life of patients and reducing the burden of the disease.

Objective To investigate the safety and effectiveness of endoscopic resection of tumors originated from gastric fundus muscularis propria.Methods Data of 53 patients with tumors originated from gastric fundus muscularis propria detected by endoscopic ultrasonograpy,treated by endoscopic resection and followed up at our hospital between January 2012 and June 2014 were reviewed.The postoperative pathology and complications were retrospectively analyzed to evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety.Results The procedure was successfully performed on all patients and all lesions were removed in one procedure.The lesion size ranged from 0.5 to 4.5 cm and the operation time was 25-155 min[mean(46.7 ±18.2)min].Mild bleeding (5 ~150 ml)occurred in all cases,which was successfully managed by argon plasma coagulation,hot biopsy probe or endoclip.Perforation occurred in 8 patients(8 /53),seven of whom were closed with titanium clips and titanium clips combined with nylon cord.Laparoscopic intervention was applied to 1 case because of severe perforation.Gastrointestinal decompression,acid suppression with proton pump inhibitors and antibiotics were performed on all cases.No severe hemorrhage occurred.The average length of hospitalization was (5.3 ± 1.4)days(3-14 d).Pathology confirmed 46 cases of gastrointestinal stromal tumors and 7 cases of leiomyoma. The patients were followed up for 3 to 27 months,and no tumor residue or recurrence was observed. Conclusion Endoscopic resection is a method not only to get the accurate pathologic diagnosis but also to meet principle of the local resection for stomach.It is safe,effective and worthy of recommendation.

Objective To evaluate the changes in the status of macrophages during the non-ventilated lung injury in the patients undergoing long-time one-lung ventilation (OLV).Methods Thirty patients of both sexes,aged 35-64 yr,weighing 50-80 kg,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective pulmonary lobectomy for lung cancer,were divided into 2 groups (n=15 each) according to the time of OLV:short-time OLV group (＜30 min,group S) and long-time OLV group (＞2 h,group L).Anesthesia was routinely induced and maintained.Normal lung tissues around the cancer tissues from the lobe of the lung excised were obtained for microscopic examination of pathologic changes which were scored.The activated macrophages (CD68 positive),polarized M1 macrophages (CD86 positive) and polarized M2 macrophages (CD206 positive) in lung tissues were detected using immunofluorescence.The ratio of CD86 positive cells to CD206 positive cells was calculated.Results Compared with group S,lung injury scores on the non-ventilated side were significantly increased,the number of CD68,CD86 and CD206 positive cells in lung tissues was increased,and the ratio of CD86 positive cells to CD206 positive cells was increased in group L (P＜0.05).Conclusion Long-time OLV (＞2 h) can result in increased number of activated macrophages,especially the polarized M1 macrophages,which may be one of the mechanisms underlying lung injury on the non-ventilated side.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression after transcription and participate in various pathophysiological processes in the skin. In recent years, it has been reported that changes in miRNA expression profiles are related to some inflammatory skin diseases. For example, miR-203, miR-146a and miR-21 are upregulated in psoriatic lesions, miR-155 and miR-146a are upregulated in atopic dermatitis lesions, miR-21, miR-223, miR-142-3p and miR142-5p are upregulated in allergic contact dermatitis lesions; however, miR-146a and miR-155 are downregulated in peripheral blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, and miR-223 is downregulated in dermatomyositis lesions. This review summarizes relationships of miRNAs with the occurrence and development of some inflammatory skin diseases.