ObjectiveTo investigate the cause,diagnosis and treatment measures of neonatal pneumothorax.MethodsThe clinical data of 98 cases with neonatal pneumothorax in our hospital from Mar 2005 to Mar 2010 were reviewed retrospectively.ResultsThere were 27 premature neonates and 71 full-term neonates in the 98 cases.Ten cases were spontaneous pneumothorax and 88 cases were non spontaneous pneumothorax.After the treatnent of primary disease,pleural aspiration,chest drainage and mechanical ventilation,88 cases were cured,8 cases were improved and 2 cases died.ConclusionNeonatal pneumothorax is related with cesarean section,improper use of endotracheal intubation,meconium aspiration,premature hyaline membrane disease using pulmonary surfactant and ventilator therapy.Most pneumothorax is due to lung disease.The prevention of preterm birth and asphyxia can reduce the incidence of neonatal pneumothorax.

[Objective] To discuss the mechanism and relative problems of lumbar traction. [Method] Relevant articles and retrospect clinical data in the author's hospital were reviewed. Review relevant articles and retrospect clinical data of our hospital. [ Result ] Traction force : 40 kg + 15% ～ 20% of body weight, fineness rate reached 83.5% in 1606 patients being treated. According to course of disease, fineness rate was 90. 1% in the group of less than 3 years, 68.2% in the group of more than 3 years. [ Conclusion] Lumbosacral nerve root leave the peak of the protruding nucleus and establish a new harmonious "root-disc" relationship after traction. The pressure and tension to the nerve root reduces or disappears, meanwhile, the pain of low back and leg is alleviated or eradicated. Appropriate traction weight and correct traction body posture are key factors of good therapeutic effect.

Objective To investigate the effecacy of open reduction internal fixation in cases with rib fracture. Methods The pain scores,respiratory related clinical indicators change of 81 rib fractuure cases underwent open reduction internal fixation surgery were ob-served. A comparison was made between the surgical group and the non-surgical group of 37 cases on pain scores trend and hospital stay. Re-sults All operations were successfully completed and postoperative recovery was good. Postoperative pain scores and respiratory rate was sig-nificantly lower(P=0. 000),Oxygen saturation was significantly higher(P=0. 002),the proportion of expectoration difficult,dyspnea and ac-tivities inconvenience were significantly lower(P<0. 05). Pain scores of surgical group significantly decreased after surgery peak hours that was the fourth day hospitalized,but the overall decline of pain scores in non-surgical group was slow. The hospital stay between the surgical group and the non-surgical group was not significantly different(P=0. 084). Conclusion The efficacy of open reduction internal fixation is significant to rib fracture with exact surgery indications,and appropriate timing of surgery is the fourth day after admission.

Objective　To evaluate the therapeutic efficiency of reversed lamellar keratoplasty for bullous keratopathy, Terrien's marginal degeneration and ocular chemical burns.Methods　Twenty eyes of patients with bullous keratopathy, twelve eyes with Terrien's marginal degeneration, ten eyes with chemical burns were recruited in this study.Diseased tissues were removed by means of dissection.Reversed lamellae corneal tissues which had been prepared by cryopreservation were thawed and rinsed. Then the prepared posterior corneal lamellae was turned over, endothelium facing upwards. The diameter of the graft should be 0.5～1.0mm larger than that of the recipient bed. The reversed donor posterior lamellae was sutured into the host keratectomy bed with 10-0 nylon sutures continuously or interruptedly.Results　Allograft reaction episode occurred only one (chemical burn) of the total 42 eyes enrolled.The grafts of the rest 41 eyes maintained clear or semitransparent for 1～5 years. Graft edema could be observed within 2～4 weeks postoperatively. Postoperative interface separation was not found. For all 20 patients with bullous keratopathy, the symptoms of pain disappeared. The visual acuity improved 2～3 lines of Snellen among eleven of twelve patients with Terrien's marginal degeneration. The visual acuity improved 2～3 lines of Snellen with four patients with chemical burns.Conclusion　The technique of reversed lamellar keratoplasty can be applied successfully for tectonic reconstruction of corneal surface such as bullous keratopathy, Terrien' s marginal degeneration and also chemical burns.The effects of therapy was satisfactory.

Objective To explore the difference between T cells in the synovial fluid and peripheral blood in patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA). Method Samples from 22 patients were studied. The differentiation and activation markers expressed on T cell surface were detected by immunofluorscence using flow cytometer. The specific proliferation of collagen Ⅱ and heat shock protein 70 was analyzed using standard 3H-TdR incorporation method. Restricted V beta usage of these T cell was analyzed by semi-quantitied RT-PCR. Results The majority of the T cell subsets in the synovial fluid were demonstrated to be CD4 and CD8 positive cells in which (40?10)% were CD4 positive and (36?16)% were CD8 T cells respectively. The ratio between CD4 and CD8 was much lower than that found in the PBL of RA patients. The percentage of CD3+/CD25+ T cells was (16?6)%. The specific proliferation of collagen Ⅱ and HSP70 to CD3+/CD25+ T cell was higher than that of CD3+/CD25+ negative T cells. The T cell receptor expressed on the T cells from both peripheral blood and synovial fluid were tested for ?? TCR (70?26)%. However, the T cells in the synovial fluid showed V?14,16 and 17 restriction. Conclusion The data here reported indicates that T cell subsets in the synovial fluid and peripheral blood circulation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis are different. The T cells in the synovial fluid demonstrates more activation and higher reactivation to collagen Ⅱ and HSP70. The TCR of T cells showes V?14,16 and 17 restriction.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors(MPNST) of the bladder is a very rare malignant tumor, usually secondary to neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1), with a few sporadic cases. This paper reports a case of 70-year-old man with bladder MPNST who underwent transurethral resection. Adjuvant intravesical instillation with gemcitabine was given after surgery, and there was no local recurrence and distant metastasis after 12-month follow-up. This paper also made a corresponding literature review.

Objective:To compare the early therapeutic effects of internal fixation with percutaneous minimally invasive hollow nail assisted by electromagnetic navigation robot and guided by C-arm in the treatment of Tile type C pelvic fracture.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 32 patients with Tile type C pelvic fracture admitted to Weihai Central Hospital from January 2020 to March 2022, including 18 males and 14 females; aged 36-60 years [(44.1±3.9)years]. Among them, 17 patients were treated with internal fixation with percutaneous minimally invasive hollow nail assisted by electromagnetic navigation robot (electromagnetic navigation group), and 15 with internal fixation with percutaneous minimally invasive hollow nail guided by C-arm (C-arm guidance group). Operative time, intraoperative blood loss, sacroiliac screw placement time, pubic branch screw placement time, ambulation time and fracture healing time were compared between the two groups. Visual analog scale (VAS), Majeed function score and complication rate at 1 day, 6 months, 12 months after surgery and at the last follow-up were compared between the two groups.Results:All the patients were followed up for 12-24 months [(15.4±0.5)months]. The operative time and intraoperative blood loss in the electromagnetic navigation group were (42.0±2.5)minutes and (10.9±2.6)ml, shorter or less than (50.0±3.5)minutes and (14.9±3.1)ml in the C-arm guidance group (all P<0.01). The placement time of sacroiliac screw and pubic branch screw in the electromagnetic navigation group was (12.4±0.2)minutes and (10.1±0.3)minutes, shorter than (15.3±0.3)minutes and (13.2±0.3)minutes in the C-arm guidance group (all P<0.01). The ambulation time was (3.2±0.4)weeks in the electromagnetic navigation group, earlier than (3.5±0.4)weeks in the C-arm guidance group ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in fracture healing time between the two groups ( P>0.05). VAS scores of the electromagnetic navigation group were (4.4±0.3)points and (1.1±0.1)points at 1 day and 6 months after surgery respectively, lower than those of the C-arm guidance group [(4.8±0.4)points and (1.2±0.3)points] ( P<0.05 or 0.01). Majeed function scores of the electromagnetic navigation group were (37.3±1.1)points and (88.5±1.4)points at 1 day and 6 months after surgery respectively, higher than those of the C-arm guidance group [(30.7±4.2)points and (82.6±1.8)points] (all P<0.01). There were no significant differences in VAS and Majeed scores at 12 months after surgery and at the last follow-up between the two groups (all P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Compared with C-arm guidance, electromagnetic navigation robot-assisted internal fixation with percutaneous minimally invasive hollow nail for Tile type C pelvic fracture can reduce operative time and intraoperative blood loss, shorten screw placement time and ambulation time, relieve pain and improve functional recovery at early stage.

Methods:A total of 1 152 amniotic fluid samples were collected from pregnant women who underwent prenatal diagnosis in the Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women′s Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University/West China Women′s and Children′s Hospital, and Xiamen Maternal and Child Health Hospital from September 2014 to August 2016. These samples were examined with SD-HRM and karyotyping simultaneously. Clinical sensitivity and specificity of SD-HRM were calculated, and Kappa values were measured to evaluate the consistency of detection results of the two methods.Results:A total of 161 cases of trisomy 21, 60 cases of trisomy 18, and 5 cases of trisomy 13 were detected by SD-HRM in 1 152 prenatal samples, sensitivity and specificity were both up to 100%, and Kappa values is equal to 1 which were consistent with the results of karyotype analysis.Conclusion:SD-HRM is validated to be highly accurate for the prenatal diagnosis of common trisomies, which is promising in the clinical practice.

Yeast autolysis under solid-state fermentation can effectively promote the release of various active substances, thereby improving the quality of yeast products. The optimal process for yeast autolysis under solid-state fermentation was obtained by optimizing the autolysis temperature, autolysis time and the zinc ion concentration. We analyzed the indexes of free amino acid, soluble protein and α-amino nitrogen in the fermentation material, as well as A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ ratio to determine yeast autolysis process conditions in the solid-state fermentation. On the basis of the obtained data, L₉ (3³) orthogonal test was designed to optimize the solid-state fermentation parameters for yeast autolysis: temperature at 40, 50 and 55 °C; time 12, 18 and 24 h; zinc ion concentration 2, 4 and 8 mg/kg. The optimum process conditions for yeast autolysis were: autolysis temperature 55 °C, time 18 h, zinc ion concentration 2 mg/kg, and soluble protein content reached 9.31 mg/g, free amino acid 14.36 mg/g, α-amino nitrogen 10.16 μg/g and A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ 1.73. After optimization of the process, the soluble protein, free amino acid and α-amino nitrogen contents of the yeast autolysis production can be significantly increased, thereby obviously improving the quality of the composite culture.
Amino Acids ; Autolysis ; Fermentation ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Nitrogen ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Temperature