Objective:To investigate the effects of hemodialysis f on immune function of patients with end-stage nephropathy associated HBV virus infection.Methods:50 cases of patients with end-stage nephropathy associated HBV virus infection from June 2011 to June 2013 were randomly selected as observation group.50 cases of patients with end-stage renal disease as the control group.Patients in control group and observation group were treated with continuous hemodialysis therapy .24 h urinary protein ,serum al-bumin,blood urea nitrogen and creatinine in control group and observation group before and after treatment were analyzed .The regulatory T lymphocyte ,the CD8+T lymphocytes,perforin and granzyme B in peripheral blood in control group and observation group before and after treatment were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results:After dialysis treatment ,clinical symptoms and laboratory indexes of the two groups were significantly improved ( P<0.05 ).Clinical symptoms and laboratory indexes in control group and observation group after treatment had no statistical difference ( P>0.05 ).There was no significant change of immune function in the control group before and after treatment ( P>0.05 ).But the ratio of Treg cells and CD 8+T lymphocyte in observation group after treatment were sig-nificantly increased than that of before treatment ( P<0.05 ).Before treatment ,the active molecule perforin and granzyme B expression rate of T cells in the peripheral blood of observation group were higher than the control group ( P<0.05 ).After treatment ,Treg cell and CD8+T lymphocyte ratio were significantly decreased as well as perforin and granzyme B expression rate ( P<0.05 ).Conclusion:Compared with control group ,hemodialysis can significantly improve the immune function of the patients with end -stage nephropathy as-sociated HBV virus infection.

Objective To determine whether the use of 18F-FDG PET/CT alters staging and management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) when compared with MRI staging practice;and to explore the relation of standard uptake value (SUV) of 18F-FDG PET/CT and the pathological classification and T staging of NPC. Methods The study was performed retrospectively on a group of 41 patients with a new diagnosis of NPC. All the patients underwent whole body PET/CT scanning and head & neck MRI scanning within 3 weeks of each other. The AJCC protocol was introduced to stage NPC and the results of the PET/CT were compared with MRI based on pathologic diagnosis. Results ①Primary tumor:the accuracy of T staging of PET/CT was significantly higher than MRI (85.37% vs 60.98%,U=2.49,P

Objective:To evaluate the value of adenosine triphophate (ATP)stress/rest nuclide myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI)in the diagnosis of female patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods:The clinical materials of 47 female suspected CHD patients were retrospectively analyzed,aged from 39 to 74 years,and the average age was (53.7±6.3)years old.All patients were hospitalized and underwent two-day ATP stress and rest nuclide MPI and coronary angiography (CAG)in two weeks. The results and images of MPI and CAG were evaluated by more than 2 attending physicians. Using CAG as the “gold standard”, the diagnostic efficiency (sensitivity, specificity and accuracy) of MPI for CHD was evaluated. Results:Compared with CAG, the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of ATP stress MPI in diagnosing the female CHD patients were 81.3% (13/16),77.4% (24/31)and 78.7% (37/47)individually;the positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 65.0% (13/20)and 88.9% (24/27).There were no severe adverse effects in the ATP stress test and the incidence of adverse effects was 85.1%.Conclusion:There is a highly diagnostic efficiency of ATP stress MPI in the CHD patients.It can be the first choice of examination methods for screening without injury and diagnosing the myocardial ischemia in the female patients.

Tanshinone ⅡA is one of the main effective components in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. It plays a role in the resistance to atherosclerosis by participating in anti-inflammatory in vascular wall, such as the regulating endothelial cell apoptosis and correcting lipid metabolism disorder. This article summarized recent researches of the basic role of tanshinone ⅡA in the resistance to atherosclerosis and provided references for clinical application of antiatherosclerotic effect of tanshinone ⅡA.

Objective:To analyze the imaging manifestations of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography(18F-FDG PET/CT)in the patients with pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma,and to enhance the diagnostic accuracy for this disease.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging and immunohistochemical results of 22 patients confirmed pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma(21 malignant and 1 benign)by pathology.The imaging features and glucose metabolism characteristics were summarized.Results:The majority of the patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma presented with unilateral pleural diffuse thickening accompanied by increased radiotracer uptake,and the thicknesses were ranged from 1.0 to 10.6 cm and the average semi-quantitative maximum standard uptake value(SUVmax)was 10.1.Over half of these patients also had a small amount of pleural effusion.The patients with malignant peritoneal mesothelioma mostly showed diffuse thickening of the peritoneum,omentum,and mesentery with increased radiotracer uptake,and the thicknesses were from 1.2 to 6.6 cm and the average SUVmax was 8.4,and over half of these patients had a significant amount of abdominal ascites.Besides the primary sites,nodular,striated,and mass-like abnormal radiotracer uptakes were observed in other metastatic sites in 17 cases of malignant mesothelioma,suggesting metastasis,and the average SUVmax was 7.4,predominantly surrounding lymph node metastasis.Bone and muscle metastases were visible in the patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma,while no such metastasis were seen in those with malignant peritoneal mesothelioma.One patient with benign pleural mesothelioma presented with bilateral pleural diffuse thickening approximately 3.5 cm thick,without significant abnormal radiotracer uptake and with a minor pleural effusion.Conclusion:The 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging manifestations of pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma exhibit the distinctive characteristics.The mode and thickness of pleural and peritoneal thickening,the presence and degree of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake,can preliminarily differentiate between benign and malignant mesothelioma,thus providing valuable references for the early clinical diagnosis of mesothelioma.PET/CT based on whole-body imaging can determine whether there are other sites of metastasis,which is helpful for clinical staging.

With good prognosis of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), the 10-year survival rate of DTC patients is more than 90%. As a kind of radiation exposure, radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment has the potential to induce malignancies. Based on this view, whether RAI treatment will increase the risk of secondary primary malignancy (SPM) still has a lot of controversy. This review summarizes current situation of related researches, and also summarizes the limitations of the current researches and the problems to be solved in the future research. In this review, it is believed that RAI treatment does not increase the overall risk of SPM in postoperative-DTC patients.

Objective To study the role of microRNA(miR)-483-3p in reducing myocardial fibrosis in rats,and explore the relationship between its mechanism and autophagy.Methods A total of 24 male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group,blank transfec-tion group and high expression group,with 6 rats in each group.The blank transfection group and the high-expression group were pretreated with a single injection of adeno-associated virus(AAV)-blank transfection and AAV-miR-483-3p(5×1011 vg)in the tail vein,respectively.In 14 d later,the sham group was injected with 2.5 ml/(kg·d)normal saline for 14 d,and rat model of myocardial fibrosis was established by 2 mg/ml isoproterenol[2.5 ml/(kg·d)]injection through tail vein for 14 consecutive days.Myocardial pathological damage,severity of myocardial fibrosis,and expression levels of collagen-Ⅰ,microtubule-associated protein light chain 3(LC3),autoph-agy-related protein 5(Atg5)and autophagy degradation substrate(P62)in cardiomyocytes were evaluated and measured.Results Compared with the sham operation group,the model group had obviously larger myocardial fibrosis area,higher positive expression of Collagen-Ⅰ,and increased protein levels of Atg5 and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ,and decreased expression level of P62 protein(P＜0.05).The myocardial fibrosis area,positive expression of Collagen-Ⅰ,the expression levels of Atg5 and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ protein[(13.64±1.51)％vs(27.47±1.55)％,(13.48±3.07)％vs(30.91±2.45)％,0.98±0.17 vs 1.24±0.28,0.66±0.05 vs 1.26±0.09,P＜0.05]were significant-ly decreased,and the expression level of P62 was notably increased(0.91±0.11 vs 0.74±0.06,P＜0.05)in the high expression group than the model group.Conclusion MiR-483-3p attenuates myocardial fibrosis in rats,and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of cardiomyocyte autophagy.

In order to build an "Internet +" innovation and entrepreneurship education practice platform, 3,752 undergraduates from 5 medical colleges and universities were investigated by questionnaire. The results showed that there was a gap between the expectation of the students and the setting of entrepreneurship and innovation courses, project guidance and so on. In view of the contradiction between the supply of educational resources and the needs of students in medical colleges and universities, we have developed the "Internet +" innovation and entrepreneurship education practice platform, that including five main functions and three layers of framework based on cloud computing and open source technology. The platform integrates various resources of medical colleges and universities to make useful exploration for cultivating students' innovation and entrepreneurship ability, accelerating the implementation of projects, and promoting the connotation development of innovation.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological features and genevariation of sporadic arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in soft tissue.Methods:Eighty cases of soft tissue sporadic AVM diagnosed in Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from January 2017 to March 2022, were retrospectively collected. The relevant indicators were detected by immunohistochemistry and fluorescent quantitative PCR, and the relevant literature was reviewed.Results:There were 42 males and 38 females patients, aged from 4 to 71 years, with a mean age of 26 years.The sites of the disease included head and neck (34 cases), limbs (24 upper limbs, 17 lower limbs) and trunk (5 cases). The main clinical manifestations were characteristic pulsation, tremor, temperature rise, local pain, ulcer or repeated bleeding, and heart failure in severe cases due to long-term hemodynamic abnormalities.Color Doppler ultrasound (CDFI) can detect the high flow characteristics of AVM.Multiple cavitary vascular shadows were seen on MRI. Microscopically, the pathological tissue involved the skin appendages, deep fat and muscle tissue, in which abnormal vascular proliferation was seen, mostly scattered, the lumen was irregularly expanded, the wall thickness was different, but most of them were thick, the vascular wall was glassy and myxoid, inflammatory cell infiltration, bleeding, thrombosis and organization were visible, and calcification was rare.Clustered proliferative muscular small vessels were found around the abnormal blood vessels.No vascular endothelial cell proliferation was found in the blood vessels of the lesion. Immunohistochemistry showed that vascular endothelial cells expressed CD31, CD34 and ERG, and muscle fibers and smooth muscle tissues in the wall expressed SMA.Elastic fiber staining showed incomplete elastic layer in the wall of the malformed artery.PIK3CA gene was detected in 15 cases, and 1 case (1/15) had mutation (mutation rate 6.7%). All cases underwent surgical resection, 73 cases were followed up for 3 months to 5 years, and 15 cases recurred.Conclusions:Sporadic AVM in soft tissue is a typical lesion of vascular malformation with high flow velocity. There are abnormal arteries and clusters of proliferating small vessels.Because of the significant difference in clinical manifestation, treatment and prognosis, pathological diagnosis should be distinguished from congenital hemangioma, intramuscular hemangioma capillary type, PTEN soft tissue hamartoma and common venous malformation.Very few cases may involve PIK3CA gene mutation, suggesting that there may be abnormal PI3K signal pathway in AVM and may participate in the occurrence and development of the disease. AVM has a high recurrence rate and needs long-term follow-up.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological and molecular genetic characteristics of well-differentiated/dedifferentiated liposarcoma (WDLPS/DDLPS) with myxoid-like morphology, and to distinguish them from myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) with similar morphology.Methods:Twenty-nine cases of myxoid-like liposarcoma and 5 cases of MFS were collected from Henan Provincial People′s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China and the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China from January 2015 to March 2023. Relevant markers were detected using immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The literature was also reviewed.Results:There were 24 males and 10 females, with ages ranging from 41 to 73 years. The tumor sites included retroperitoneum ( n=17), abdomen ( n=9), lower limbs ( n=5), scrotum ( n=1), upper limb ( n=1) and axilla ( n=1). WDLPS was commonly seen as lipomatoid type (12 cases), while the dedifferentiated components of DDLPS included low-grade (13 cases) and high-grade (2 cases) morphology, with low-high grade myxofibrosarcoma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and low-grade fibrosarcoma structures. Twenty-nine liposarcomas had various proportions of myxoid-like morphology, while 16 showed various degrees of tumor necrosis. The myxoid-like component showed myxoid pleomorphic liposarcoma (MLPS)-like morphology, lobulated growth, characteristic slender, ramified capillary network,"chicken claw-like"morphology, mucus-rich stroma and lung edema-like morphology. Tumor cells were spindle and oval, with many variable vacuolar lipoblasts. MDM2 gene amplification was detected using FISH and present in all tested cases (29/29). DDIT3 break-apart mutation was not detected, but its cluster amplification was present (24/29). Among the MFS cases, one showed cluster amplification (1/5), but no cases showed break-apart or amplification of MDM2 gene. Conclusions:WDLPS/DDLPS with myxoid-like morphology is most commonly seen in the retroperitoneum and abdominal cavity and mostly harbors DDIT3 break-apart probe amplification, while this amplification is not specific to liposarcoma. For core biopsy specimens or very rare tumors in the limbs, when histology has mucinous stroma and MLPS-like morphology, misdiagnosis of MLPS or other non-lipomatous neoplasms with myxoid morphology should be avoided.