Tumor neovascularization and vasculogenic mimicry are two important angiogenesis pathways, which play an important role in the occurrence, development and metastasis of breast cancer. TCM has confirmed efficacy in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. In recent years, research on inhibition of tumor angiogenesis is also gradually in-depth. This article reviewed the progress of TCM in the dual pathways of breast cancer angiogenesis and its mechanism, and provided references for clinical medication and research and development of new medicine.

Objective To study the significance of Wnt5a gene expression in gastric carcinoma (GC). Methods The Wnt5a mRNA expressions in SGC7901 cell line and normal gastric mucosa GES-1 cell line were detected by RT-PCR. The Wnt5a protein expressions in 60 GC and 30 matched tumor-adjacent normal tissue samples were examined by immunohistochemistry using the streptavidin-peroxidase method.χ2 test was used to analyze Wnt5a expression on the clinical pathologic features of gastric carcinoma. Results Both Wnt5a mRNA and Wnt5a protein were significantly higher in SGC7901 cells than those in GES-1 cells. The positive rate of Wnt5a protein expression was also significantly higher in GC than that in tumor-adjacent normal tissue (P < 0.05). Positive expression of Wnt5a was associated with higher degree of regional lymph node metastasis and the later TNM stage (P < 0.05). Conclusion Higher expression of Wnt5a seems to promote invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer, and Wnt5a might play an oncogene-like role in the development of gastric carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the changes of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1),glutathione peroxidase(GPX3) in thyroid carcinoma and thier relationship with pathological characteristics.Methods The levels of HMGB1 and GPX3 were detected by using ELISA in 153 cases of thyroid cancer,120 cases of benign thyroid nodules and 120 healthy controls.The changes of HMGB1 and GPX3 in the patients with thyroid cancer were analyzed.Their application value in thyroid cancer was analyzed by using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve.Results The plasma HMGB1 level and the HMGB1 positive expression rate in the thyroid cancer group were higher than those in the benign thyroid nodules group and control group(P＜0.05),while the plasma GPX3 level and GPX3 positive expression rate in the thyroid cancer group were lower than those in the benign thyroid nodules group and control group(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in the levels of plasma HMGB1,GPX3 and the positive rates of HMGB1 and GPX3 between the thyroid benign nodule group and the healthy control group (P ＞ 0.05).The plasma H MGB1 expression in thyroid cancer was closely related with the infiltration degree,clinical stage and lymph node metastasis(P＜ 0.05),and the GPX3 expression was related with the tumor stage and lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05).The ROC curve showed that the sensitivity and specificity of HMGB1 and GPX3 for diagnosing thyroid cancer were 76.3％ and 85.5％,70.8％ and 82.2％ respectively.Conclusion Plasma HMGB1 and GPX3 expression levels are closely associated with the occurrence and progression of thyroid cancer.

Purpose To observe the effects of the intervention or prevention of astragalus polysaccharide(APS)on type 1 diabetes in non-obese diabetic(NOD) mice. Methods the APS group was compared withthe normal solution(NS)group by the incidence of diabetes, the serum C-peptide levels and GAD-Ab levels,the proportion of CD4 or CD8 T subsets in splencytes, pancreatic histopathology and immunocyto-chemistry.Results It shows that the APS group has lower incidence of diabetes, higher serum C-P levels, decreaseddegree of the lymphocytic inflammation of pancreatic islets, stronger proliferation of CD8 T subsets and lowerratio of CD4/CD8 subgroup in splencytes than those of the NS group. Conclusions It proves thepreventive effects of APS on the onset of type 1 diabetes in NOD mice.

Background Venous malformation damages the local tissue severely because of the progressive development and often presents with invasive biological behavior.Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is proved to be closely associated with local invasion of malignant tumor.Studying the role of Gal-3 on tissue invasion in venous malformation of ocular region is of important clinical significance.Objective This study was to explore the role of Gal-3 protein and mRNA expression in venous malformation of ocular region.Methods One hundred and eighteen pathological sections were collected from ocular venous malformation patients who received surgery in Department of Hemangioma Surgery,People's Hospital of Henan Province and Henan Eye Institute from June 2009 to June 2014.The specimens were further diagnosed by histopathological examination.Then the expressions of Gal-3 protein and mRNA in venous malformation of ocular region were detected by using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization and compared with 20 pieces of distal cutting edge specimens which were evidently normal.The associations of Gal-3 positive expressions with invasion and configuration of lesions were analyzed.Results Pathological examination showed that venous malformations tissues contain many big blood vessels lacuna, lined with fiat endothelial cells.Immunochemistry and in situ hybridization exhibited that Gal-3 protein and mRNA were expressed in the cytoplasm and nuclei.The positive expression rates of Gal-3 protein and mRNA in the venous malformation tissues were 55.93％ (66/118) and 59.32％ (70/118) , but those in the normal tissue were 15.00％ (3/20) and 20.00％ (4/20) ,showing significant differences between them (x2 =11.461, 10.633, both at P＜0.05).No significant differences were seen in the positive expression rates of Gal-3 protein and mRNA between the patients aged ≤ 12 years and ＞12 years or different genders (age: x2 =0.334,0.128;both at P＞0.05.gender:x2 =0.606,1.155;both at P ＞0.05).The incidence rate of invading ocular deep tissues was significantly higher in the Gal-3-positive groups than that in the Gal-3-negative groups of protein and mRNA (protein :x2 =32.688, P＜0.05;mRNA : x2 =23.695, P＜0.05).In the Gal-3-negative groups,96.15％ (Gal-3 protein negative group) and 97.92％ (Gal-3 mRNA negative group) lesions showed the spherical shape with clear boundaries.The lesions texture with the fuzzy boundaries and the incidences of vague structure in lesions were significantly higher in the Gal-3-positive groups than that in the Gal-3-negative groups of protein and mRNA (protein :x2 =28.255, P＜0.05;mRNA : 28.186, P＜0.05).Conclusions Gal-3 expression rate is raised in the deep tissue-invaded and texture disorder ocular venous malformation.These results suggest that invasion and damage of ocular venous malformation are associated with the up-regulation of Gal-3.

Objective To observe the effects of tetra-atsenic oxide (As4O6) on the proliferation, migration and invasion of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells; To explore its potential mechanism. Methods The human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were regarded as the research object and cultured in vitro, with different concentrations of As4O6 using to intervene in MCF-7 cells. The cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay; the flow cytometry and wound-healing assay were used to detect the cell apoptosis and migration, respectively. The expressions of Cyclin E1, Cyclin A2, Caspase 3, p21 and MMP-9 mRNA were accessed by semi quantitative RT-PCR. Results As4O6 had a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in a dose dependent manner. Compared with the control group (0 μmol/L), the apoptosis rate increased significantly when the concentration of As4O6 was 9, 12, 15 μmol/L (P<0.01). Either As4O6 at high (3 μmol/L) or low (1 μmol/L) concentration could effectively inhibit the migration of MCF-7 cells (P<0.01). With the increasing concentration of As4O6, the expressions of Cyclin E1, Caspase 3, and p21 mRNA significantly increased, while the expressions of Cyclin A2 and MMP-9 mRNA significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion As4O6 can significantly inhibit the proliferation, cycle, invasion and migration of breast cancer MCF-7 cells, and the mechanism may be related to the increase of expressions of cyclin E1, caspase 3, p21 and inhibition of expressions of cyclin A2 and MMP-9.

Objective To explore the effects of aerobic exercise and resistance training on center arterial blood pressure.Methods Fifteen healthy men who had not practiced aerobic exercise or resistance training within the previous 6 months were enrolled in this study.A self-matched pairs design was adopted.All of the subjects performed moderate intensity aerobic exercise,for 30 min initially,and after 2 weeks,performed resistance training at 60％ of their l-repeat maximum effort (1-RM).Their central aortic systolic blood pressure (CSBP) before and after aerobic exercise and resistance training were measured and compared,respectively.The changes in CSBP and an augmentation index (AI) of radial artery and relative blood pressure were compared between the two interventions.Results CSBP decreased significantly after both sorts of training.The two types of training showed no significant difference in their effects on CSBP.However,after a 20 min recovery,systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure were significantly lower after aerobic exercise than after resistance training.The significant difference persisted after 20 min and 40 min of re-covery.The AI of the radial artery was also significantly lower 5 min after aerobic exercise than after resistance train-ing.Conclusions After moderate aerobic exercise and resistance training,CBSP,AI and systolic pressure all display favorable changes.However,moderate intensity aerobic exercise provides the better effect in improving blood pressure.

Tanshinone ⅡA is one of the main effective components in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. It plays a role in the resistance to atherosclerosis by participating in anti-inflammatory in vascular wall, such as the regulating endothelial cell apoptosis and correcting lipid metabolism disorder. This article summarized recent researches of the basic role of tanshinone ⅡA in the resistance to atherosclerosis and provided references for clinical application of antiatherosclerotic effect of tanshinone ⅡA.

AIM: To explore if all trans retinoic acid (atRA) retards glomerulosclerosis of rats with 5/6 nephrectomy. METHODS: Wistar male rats were operated by subtotal nephrectomy and were randomly divided into A1 (5 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1) atRA), A2 (10 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1) atRA), A3 (20 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1) atRA) and NX (vehicle) groups. Each group included 8 rats. 8 health rats were assigned as sham-operation group (sham group). Animals were sacrificed 10 weeks after treatment. The concentrations of plasma atRA were measured by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Glomerulosclerosis was evaluated by glomerulosclerosis index system. The expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF?1) was measured by renal immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting. RESULTS: The concentrations of atRA in atRA groups were much higher than that in NX and sham groups. Compared to NX, the remnant kidney sclerosis was ameliorated significantly in A1, A2 and A3 groups. The expressions of TGF?1 decreased parallelized to the levels of glomerulosclerosis. CONCLUSION: atRA has a beneficial effect on retarding the progression of renal fibrosis in the 5/6 nephrectomic rats, possibly through downregulating the glomerular TGF?1 expression.