Purpose:To study the efficiency and safety on vinorelbine combined with capecitabine in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Methods:Twenty-eight patients with measurable lesions of metestetic breast cancer received vinorelbine 6 mg/m 2 d 1-5 civ,cycles were repeated every 21 days. Patients received capecitabine for 2-4 cycles at the same time. All patients received more than one course of chemotherapy regimens and 19 patients had adriamycin and (or) paclitaxel treatment. Results:Thirteen patients received two cycles treatment and fifteen patients received four cycles of treatment. Complete response in one patient,partial response in six patients,minor response in seven patients,stable response in seven patients and progressive disease in seven patients were observed. Overall responsed rate was 50%.The common side effects were neutronpenia,hand-foot syndrome,skin pigmentation,fatigue. Conclusions:The combination of vinorelbine and capecitabine in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer was effective and the toxicities were tolerable. It is possible that this regimen is an ideal second line chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the incidences of malnutrition (including undernutrition, overweight, and obesity) and abdominal obesity in elderly type 2 diabetes. Methods Totally, 133 elderly type 2 diabetes patients [study group, aged (66.9 5±.4) years] and 133 age-matched healthy subjects [control group, aged (66. 3 ±5.8) years] who met entry criteria and obtained informed consent were randomly enrolled into this study. Body weight, total body fat (TBF), abdominal fat, visceral fat, visceral fat area, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were measured by multi-frequency bioelectric impedance analysis. The incidences of undernutrition, overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity judged by BMI and WHR respectively were compared between the two groups. Results Com- pared to control group, BMI [(25.7 3.8) vs. (24.2 2.2) kg/m2, P = 0.001 ], TBF [ (20.1±6.9) vs. (17.4 5.0) kg, P = 0.001], WHR (0. 92±0.10 vs. 0.87±0.06, P =0.001), abdominal fat [(10.2 3.4) vs. (8.6 2.5)kg, P= 0.001], visceral fat [(2.7±0.9) w. (2.3 0.7)kg, P =0.001 ], and visceral fat area [ (89.1±28. 8) vs. (75. 7±21. 6) cm2, P =0.001 ] significantly increased in study group. The incidences of undernutrition (BMI<18.5, 3.8% vs. 0, P=0.024) and obesity (BMI^28.0, 26.3% vs. 6.0%, P = 0.001) judged by BMI Chinese standard in study group were significantly higher than those in control group. The incidences of "over-TBF" (52. 1% vs. 34. 1% , P =0.023) and abdominal obesity in males of study group (83.6% vs. 67.1% , P =0. 017) were significantly higher than those in control group. Conclusion Measurement and control of TBF, waist circumference, and abdominal and visceral fats should be emphasized in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective: To observe the effects of Zhichuanxiaoke strong solution on the immunity and irritability of mice. Methods: The carbon clearance index and the content of serum hemolysin of mouse were determined by colorimetry. The survival time of mouse was measured through hypoxia tolerance test under ordinary pressure and the anti fatigue swiming test. Results: Zhichuanxiaoke Strong Solution could obviously increase the carbon clearance index and the content of serum hemolysin, enhance the anti hypoxia ability and prolong the swiming time of mouse. Conclusion: Zhichuanxiaoke Strong Solution can increase physical immunity and the ability of auti irritability.

Objective:To study the chemical constituents in methanol parts of Toddalia asiatica ( Linn) Lam. Methods: The compounds were isolated by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatograph and TLC. The structures were elucidated by physico-chemical properties and spectral analysis. Results:Nine compounds were obtained and elucidated as dictamnine(1), hesperetin(2), 4-hydroxy-N-methylproline(3), 8-hydroxy-dihydrochelerythrine(4), hesperetin7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(5), daucosterol(6), hes-peridin(7), diosmin(8) and neohesperidin(9). Conclusion:Compound 5, 6, 8 and 9 are isolated from the plant for the first time.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI)in the diagnosis and aggressiveness assessment of prostate cancer.Methods The MR data with multi-b-value diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)of 30 male patients with prostate cancer were retrospectively analyzed.D maps and K maps were generated from the DKI model and ADC maps were obtained using the conventional monoexponential model.Differences in the D,K and ADC values between prostate cancer and benign peripheral zone (PZ)tissues,among tumors with different Gleason scores were analyzed.P<0.05 was considered statistical significance.Results ADC and D values were significantly lower in the prostate cancers than in the benign PZs (P <0.001).K values were significantly greater in the prostate cancers than in the benign PZs (P <0.001).ADC,D and K values were different significantly among the tumors with Glea-son scores of 6,7 and ≥8 (P <0.001,P =0.01 5 and P <0.001,respectively).Conclusion The DKI model can better describe the signal intensity attenuation with b values increasing,which is helpful for diagnosing and grading prostate cancer.K value may be used to quantitatively evaluate the complicated microstructure of prostate cancer.

Objective To investigate the expression of c-FLIPL in leukemia and explore its clinical significance. Methods The expression level of c-FLIPL mRNA in bone marrow mononuclear cells was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)in 103 leukemia patients with different types of leukemia,including 54 cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia(ALL)with 37 newly diagnosed,5 relapsed,and 12 complete remis-sion,38 cases of acute myeloid leukemia(AML)with 24 newly diagnosed,6 relapsed,and 8 complete remission,newly diagnosed 2 cases of acute undifferentiated leukemia(AUL),6 cases of chronic myelocytic leukemia(CML),and 3 cases of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia(CM-ML). The immunophenotype of patients were detected by flow cytometry. Results Expression level of c-FLIPL mRNA was higher in newly diag-nosed and relapsed leukemia patients. There was no significant difference between newly diagnosed and relapsed leukemia patients(P>0.05). Ex-pression level of c-FLIPL mRNA of AUL and CML was higher than that in other patients ,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05). Ex-pression level of c-FLIPL mRNA of all newly diagnosed and relapsed leukemia patients was significantly higher than that in control group and com-plete remission group(P<0.05). The expression level of c-FLIPL mRNA was correlated with risk stratification ,white blood cell(WBC),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase(HBDH),CD45 and TEL-AML1,but was not associated with age,sex,fibrinogen and chromosome abnormality. Conclusion c-FLIPL mRNA is highly expressed in leukemia patients ,and is closely related with risk stratification , WBC,LDH,HBDH and prognosis.

Objective To establish and analyze a mouse model of Staphylococcus aureus?induced arthritis ( Staphy?lococcus aureus septic arthritis, SA) , and provide an animal model for arthritis mechanism research and drug development. Methods Mice were immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide, then intravenously inoculated with Staphylococcus au?reus. The gross characteristics of the joints were observed, the arthritis indexes were analyzed, and the pathological scores of the model mice were evaluated. Results From the first day after bacterial inoculation, the mouse joints were swollen. Pathological examination revealed lesions varying from mild and disarranged joint synovial hyperplasia to synovial thickening and intra?articular invasion, and increased neutrophil infiltration. Conclusions A mouse model of Staphylococcus aureus?induced arthritis is successfully established in this study. This model can be developed in a relatively short time, can not only simulate the clinical symptoms and signs and disease progression of human arthritis, but also to a certain extent reflects the etiology, infection and immunological mechanisms of human arthritis.

Objective To establish a mouse model of systemic C. albicans infection by oral inoculation of the pathogen and observe the proliferation and distribution of C. albicans in vivo tissues. Methods Male ICR mice(n=46) were used as the experiment group(n=40) and blank group (n=6). Cotton swabs with C. albicans were used to infect the mice (7 × 106 CFU/mL), and the blank group with saline. The mice of the experiment group were randomly divided into two groups:model group A for clinical assessment (n=20) and model group B for tissue fungal burden detection (n=20). Clinical score, survival and autopsy were carried out among the model group A. Five mice were randomly killed from the model group B at 3 d, 5 d and7 d after infection, respectively ( blank group killed 2 mice each time) . Microbial load tablet method was used to detect the tissue fungal burdens in different tissues, meanwhile samples of tongue, esophagus, stomach, liver, kidney, lung of infected mice were taken for pathological examination. Results White spot appeared on the surface of tongue since 3 d postinfection and increased with time and finally caused death. The mortality reached over 50% at 5 d. C. albicans was not only detected from the tongue (87?5%), stomach (87?5%), liver (54?5%), kidney (50?5%), lung (20%) and heart (4%), but also was microscopically seen mycelia proliferation in the tongue, stomach, liver, and kidney , yet not seen in the control group, showing that C. albicans caused disseminated systemic infection through mucosal infection in mice. Conclusions C. albicans can induce opportunistic systemic infection by breakthrough the mucosal immune barrier, so as to increase the infection to death.

As injury to distal tibiofibular syndesmosis is commonly associated with ankle fractures,it calls for timely and correct diagnosis and treatment because it might result in chronic pain and ankle instability.Its severe cases can lead to traumatic arthritis.Stable injury to distal tibiofibular syndesmosis can be treated conservatively,but internal fixation is mostly recommended for severe cases of the injury.Internal fixation with metal screws usually requires a secondary surgery for removal of the implants but application of bioabsorbable screws overcomes this trouble and avoids a secondary surgery and its related complications.This article reviews the advantages of bio-absorbable screws,choice of bioabsorbable materials and screws,therapeutic outcomes and adverse reactions in the treatment of distal tibiofibular syndesmotic injury.

OBJECTIVE: To study the incentives of laryngeal cancer in Heilongjiang province. METHOD: A 1:One matched case control study was used to study the risk factors of laryngeal cancer in Heilongjiang province, distributing all tested staff by the same gender, age, urban and rural. Logistic regression models were used to analysis the relationship. RESULT: In single Logistic regression models, such habit as high levels of education, frequently consumption of sauerkraut, BBQ food, processed meats, the less physical activity, a relatively short time, smoking, irascible, and other factors would increase the risk of suffering from laryngeal cancer. But regular consumption of fresh vegetables, coarse grains, eggs, milk, and regular physical activity would reduce the risk of suffering from laryngeal cancer. The odds ratios (OR) were calculated using multiple Logistic regression models, ORs for the highest versus the lowest quintile of intake were 15.502 0 for high levels of education. 8.012 0 for smoking frequently. 7. 2680 for eating sauerkraut. 2.904 0 for eating BBQ food. 0.408 0 for exercise in protective factors. CONCLUSION Potential risk factors for laryngeal cancer were eating sauerkraut. BBQ food and smoking frequently, but proper exercise may reduce the risk of laryngeal cancer.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors