Objective To investigate the effects of regional infusion of hypothermic normal saline contained captopril on free radicals level and myeloperoxidase(MPO) activity in rabbits during spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion(I/R).Methods The 80 rabbits were randomly divided into four equal groups,group A(sham operated,no I-R injury,n=8),group B(control,only I/R,n=24),group C(I/R + intraaortic hypothermic normal saline,n=24),and group D(I/R + N.S plus 4mg/kg captopril,n=24).The model of spinal cord ischemia in the rabbit was induced with the aorta clamped.Hypothermic solution was infused into the isolated aortic segments.The content of spinal cord MDA and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),MPO were measured at 8h,24h and 72 h after the reperfusion respectively.Results The level of spinal cord MDA increased,the activity of SOD decreased and the activity of MPO increased markedly after the reperfusion.Compared with group B,the MDA content decreased significantly at the three observation time points and the MPO activity decreased significantly in groups C and D(all P

Objective To investigate the effect of regional captopril infusion on ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury of spinal cord in rabbits. Methods 32 rabbits were divided randomly into four groups, the group A (sham operated, no I-R injury), the group B (control group, only with I-R injury), the group C (I-R injury + intra-aortic infusion of hypothermic normal saline), and the group D (I-R injury + infusion of normal saline plus 4mg/kg captopril). Spinal cord ischemia was induced by clamping the aorta both below the left renal artery and above the aortic bifurcation. Hemodynamic data were measured in every group. The spinal cord function was assessed 24, 48 and 96 hours after aortic declamping according to Tarlov's Scale. Spinal cords were harvested for histological analysis. Results There were no significant differences in blood pressure and heart rate among four groups. The neurological status in the groups C and D was significantly superior to that of the group B (P<0.01). In the group B, all animals were paraplegic with Tarlov's Scale of 0 or 1. Three of 8 animals in the group C were paraplegic with Tarlov's Scale of 0 or 1, and only one animal in the group D. Compared to the group B, there were more normal neurons in the anterior horn of spinal cords in the groups C and D (P<0.01). Conclusion Regional infusion of hypothermic normal saline contained captopril can provide sufficient spinal cord protection against ischemia.

AIM: To develop a method to determine the content of emodin and chrysophanol in Fuyanling Effervescent Tablets(Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Flos Lonicerae, Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis, etc.). METHODS: HPLC was used to determine the content of emodin and chrysophanol in Fuyanling Effervescent Tablets. The separation was performed on YWG ODS column with methanol (0.1%) phosphoric acid(85∶15) mixture as a mobile phase and the wavelength of UV detector was at 254nm. RESULTS: The resolution and the linearity of this method was good. in the range of emodin was 50.2～401.6ng( r =0.9999); chrysophanol was 49.9～ 399.2 ng( r =0.9994); and with the average recovery of emodin: 99.4%( RSD =2.2%); chrysophanol:100%( RSD =1.1%). CONCLUSION: The method is simple, rapid and satisfactory and suitable for quality control of Fuyanling Effervescent Tablets.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract ( GBE) on diabetic retinopathy ( DR) and its possible mechanism in rats .METHODS:Goto-Kakizaki ( GK) rats were used as a DR model, and were treated with different doses of GBE.Normal Wistar rats were used as the control.Blood glucose and retina barrier injury were analyzed, respectively.Ganglion cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining.Moreover, the protein expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2( Nrf2) , ERK, Bcl-2 and P53, and ERK phosphorylation were examined by Western blot.RESULTS:GBE reduced blood glucose in the DR rats, attenuated retina barrier injury, and decreased the apoptosis of ganglion cells. Furthermore, the expression of Nrf2 and Bcl-2, and phosphorylation of ERK were increased after GBE treatment, whereas P53 expression was decreased.CONCLUSION:GBE protects ganglion cells against apoptosis in DR rats, which may be through activation of Nrf2/ERK pathway and regulating Bcl-2 and P53 expression.

Objective To explore the effects of erythropoietin (EPO) on the neural function recovery and the expressions of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in rabbit spinal cord after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods 24 rabbits were randomized into 3 groups: EPO treatment group, ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) group and sham group with 8 rabbits in each group. The rabbit model of spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury was established with Tetik's method. The changes of neural functional recovery of rabbits of 3 groups were observed through Tarlov's scale at different time points post-operation. The expressions of NF-κB were tested with immunohistochemistry. Results The grade of nerve function improved distinctly in EPO treatment group (P<0.01).The expression of NF-κB in EPO group was lower than that of I/R group (P<0.01).Conclusion EPO can significantly improve the motor function of hind limbs in rabbits after spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury, which might be related with inhibition of the expressions of NF-κB.

Objective:To investigate the effect of conventional treatment plus long-term transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on consciousness recovery in patients with minimally conscious state (MCS) after traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 60 patients with MCS after TBI admitted to Zhejiang Armed Police Corps Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020, including 38 males and 22 females, aged 19-60 years [(45.7±11.4)years]. Course of disease was 3-6 months [(4.6±0.9)months]. Of all, 30 patients received internal medicine, hyperbaric oxygen, rehabilitation and other conventional treatment (conventional treatment group), and 30 patients received tDCS stimulation on the basis of conventional treatment (tDCS treatment group). The tDCS stimulation contained 4 cycles for 28 days with each cycle lasting for 7 days (stimulation for 5 days, rest for 2 days). Coma recovery scale-revised (CRS-R) total score, brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) score and clinical effictive rate (significantly effective+effective) were compared between the two groups before treatment, during 4 cycles of treatment and at 6 months and 12 months after treatment. Complications induced by tDCS were also evaluated.Results:There was no significant difference in CRS-R total score and BAEP score between the two groups before treatment (all P>0.05). CRS-R total score and BAEP score in tDCS treatment group were significantly higher than those in conventional treatment group during 4 cycles of treatment and at 6 months and 12 months after treatment (all P<0.05). CRS-R total score and BAEP score in both groups gradually increased during 4 cycles of treatment and at 6 months and 12 months after treatment (all P<0.05). The clinical effective rate in tDCS treatment group was 73% (22/30) when compared to 57% (17/30) in conventional treatment group ( P<0.05). In tDCS treatment group, 10 patients had local reversible slight redness at the cathodal position, while no other serious adverse effects, such as local burns, ulceration, exudation or epilepsy. Conclusion:Compared with conventional treatment, conventional treatment plus long-term tDCS can be more effective in improving the state of consciousness without serious adverse effects for MCS patients after TBI.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the application value of whole exome sequencing technology in fetuses with congenital structural abnormalities. METHODS: The chromosomal abnormalities of 1147 families were analyzed. According to the follow-up results, the data of fetuses with new phenotypes in late pregnancy or after birth were reanalyzed. Subgroups were divided according to the organs involved and whether single malformation or not. The gene regulatory network map was drawn by using string database and Cytoscape software. Fisher exact probability method was used to compare the difference of the diagnostic rate of pathogenic genes among the groups. RESULTS: A total of 160 fetal cases received positive molecular diagnosed, involving 178 variant sites of 125 pathogenic genes, including 8 cases (4.9%, 8/163) by data reanalysis, and the overall positive diagnosis rate was 13.9%. Diagnostic rate was highest in the group of skeletal malformation (31.5%, 39/124) and lowest in that with thoracic malformation (0, 0/32). The gene clusters of fetal edema and intrauterine growth restriction were independent, and were not associated with the major structural malformations. The probability of each parent carrying the same recessive gene variant was 0.03 (39/1146) and 0.08 (4/53) with positive family history. CONCLUSION For fetuses with congenital structural abnormalities that are negative for conventional genetic tests, 13.9% of phenotypic associated pathogenic/likely pathogenic genetic variants can be detected by whole exome sequencing technology. Its application value for prenatal diagnosis varies in fetus with different organs involved. Reanalysis of sequencing data for cases with new phenotypes in late pregnancy or after birth can further improve the molecular diagnosis rate. Further investigations are needed to explore the related genetic mechanisms.
Female ; Fetal Diseases ; Fetus/diagnostic imaging* ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Technology ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal ; Whole Exome Sequencing

Objective:To evaluate the value of whole exome sequencing (WES) in prenatal clinical application.Methods:A total of 1 152 cases of congenital abnormal [including structural malformation, nuchal translucency (NT) thickening and intrauterine growth restriction] with traditional prenatal diagnosis [including G-band karyotype analysis and chromosome microarray analysis (CMA)] negative were analyzed. The congenital abnormal fetuses were divided into retrospective group and prospective group according to the time of WES detection, that is whether the pregnancy termination or not. According to the specific location of fetal malformation and their family history, the cohort was divided into subgroups. The clinical prognosis of all fetuses were followed up, and the effect of WES test results on pregnancy decision-making and clinical intervention were analyzed. According to the follow-up results, the data of fetuses with new phenotypes in the third trimester or after birth were re-analyzed.Results:Among 1 152 families who received WES, 5 families were excluded because of nonbiological parents. Among the remaining 1 147 families, 152 fetuses obtained positive diagnosis (13.3%,152/1 147), including 74 fetuses in the retrospective group (16.1%,74/460) and 78 fetuses in the prospective group (11.4%,78/687). In fetuses with negative CMA and G-band karyotype analysis results but new phenotypes in the third trimester or after birth, the positive rate by WES data re-analysis was 4.9% (8/163). A total of 34 (21.3%, 34/160) fetuses were directly affected by the corresponding positive molecular diagnosis. Among 68 cases of live births with diagnostic variation grade 4, 29 cases (42.7%, 29/68) received appropriate medical intervention through rapid review of WES results.Conclusions:WES could increase the detection rate of abnormal fetuses with negative G-banding karyotype analysis and CMA by 13.3%. Prenatal WES could guide pregnancy decision-making and early clinical intervention. It might be an effective strategy to pay attention to the special follow-up of the third trimester and postnatal fetus and to re-analyze the WES data.