With the extensive clinical application of broad-spectrum antibiotics,methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) has become an important pathogen in the nosocomial infections,chronic sinusitis caused by which should be attached importance to.Therefore,in order to formulate accurate and quick detection methods and available therapeutic regimen,it is necessary to investigate MRSA including its biotic characteristics,mechanism of antibiotic-resistance and possible reasons leading to chronic sinusitis.This paper outlines progresses about these researches in recent years.

To discuss the relativity of chronic cough and postnasal drip syndrome(PNDS) for better clinical diagnosis and treatment.

We analyzed the surveillance data of measles from January 1999 to October 2000 in Jiangxi Province for the aim of measles control. The results showed that 3*!184 measles cases were reported from the province and 1 reported case died. Most of the reported measles cases were under 15 years old. The incidence of measles in age group between 7-10 years old was higher than that in other age groups and most of the reported cases having vaccination histroy were 4-10 year old children. Both the sporadic and epidemic measles in some districts existed at the same time and the reported measles cases extensively distributed in all districts of Jiangxi Province. The outbreaks of measles in some districts had affected the morbidity of measles of the whole province To prevent and control measles outbreak are the main effective measures to control this disease.

BACKGROUND:At present, many researches have shown that tacrolimus has protecting effect on peripheral nerves,however,whether tacrolimus has a similar effect on central neural system has not been known yet.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of tacrolimus on neural behaviors and memory by observing the neural behaviors and detecting the expression of synaptophysin in cortex,hippocampus and basipodite.DESIGN:Parallel and before and post contrast study.SETTING:Department of neurosurgery, affiliated hospital of the two medical universities.MATERIALS:The experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of Department Neurosurgery,Shanghai Changzheng Hospital in November 2002.Twenty-four qualified Sprague-Dawley rats supplied by Shanghai Experimental Animal Center of medical institution of Fudan University,with body mass of 180-220 g,were randomly divided into three groups:control, injury and treatment,with 8 rats in each group.INTERVENTIONS:Anesthesia was induced by administration of sodium pentobarbital(with the concentration of 20 g/L,40 mg/kg) twenty-four hours before the operation.The coup energy was 151.95-172.21 kPa that was equal to medium injury. The control rats did not receive the coup. Tacrolimus was given to the treatment group in the dosage of 1 mg/kg body weight by intraperitoneal injection at 5 minutes post trauma. The drug was given once physiological saline. Before and post trauma (on the third and seventh day)all rats Accepted Beam Walking Test,Beam Balance Test and Memory Test,respectively. One week after trauma,all rats' heads was removed and the brain was taken out within seconds.The hippocampus,cortex and basipodite of the traumatic hemisphere were kept in methanal with the concentration of 4 percent. Immunohistochemistry and image analysis system were used to study the expression of synaptophysin in cortex,hippocampus and basipodite of the traumatic hemisphere.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①The performance records of neural behaviors and memory of the three groups. ②Results of the expression of synaptophysin in cortex, hippocampus and basipodite of the three groups.③Apoptotic cellscalculation of synaptophysin in cortex,hippocampus and basipodite.RESULTS:Totally 24 rats entered the final analysis. ①On the third day and the seventh day,the scores recorded in Walking Test and Balance Test of the treatment group were less than those in the injury group[Walking Test: (7.5±2.5) s,(5.5±2.1) s,(10.5±2.5) s,(8.2±2.5) s. Balance Test:(3.4±0.5)score,(2.5±0.2) score,(5.7±0.2) score,(5.0±0.5) score,P ＜ 0.05-0.01].But the scores recorded in memory test of the treatment group were still more than those in the control group,memory test[(4.9±1.7) s,(6.2±2.3) s,(4.0±1.5) s,(4.4±2.6) s,P ＜ 0.05-0.01]. ②The expression of synaptophysin in cortex,hippocampus and basipodite in the treatment group was still more than that in the injury group(140.36±3.87, 45.52±2.16,31.67±2.35,96.25±2.85,24.35±2.47,20.49±2.08,P ＜ 0.01);The expression of synaptophysin control group was especially more than that in treatment group (162.24±3.52,50.58±2.31,42.69±2.53, P ＜ 0.01).Apoptotic cells calculation of cortex,hippoeampus and basipodite in treatment group was far less than those in injury group,(10.37±2.12)%,(18.39±2.87)%, (12.78±2.45)%,(21.14±4.85)%,(38.57±3.78)%, (21.18±4.59)%,P ＜ 0.01].And apoptotic cells calculation in injury group was more than those in control group [(3.85±2.56)%,(4.96±2.15)%, (3.52±2.17)%,P ＜ 0.01].CONCLUSION:Tacrolimus can facilitate the expression of synaptophysin,refrain from calcineurin involving in the process of transcription-dependent and nontranscription-dependent apoptosis,and can also contribute to the recovery of memory and neural behaviors post trauma.

Objective To analyse the significance of proto oncogene protein in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral leukoplakia.Methods 40 patients who were diagnosed with oral leukoplakia (OLK),40 patients who were diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC),and at the same time, 40 healthy volunteers as control group were collected.the lesions and normal oral mucosa were taken as samples, left supernatant after grinding, MDM2 protein, p53 protein and Ki-67 protein were detected by ELISA in three groups,and analyse the correlation between three groups.Results Among three groups,MDM2, p53 expression:OSCC group>OLK group>control group (P<0.05).Ki-67 expression level among three groups, OSCC group>OLK group>control group (P<0.05).MDM2, p53, Ki-67 expression had a positive correlation in OSCC group and OLK group (P<0.05), but there was no obvious correlation in control group.Conclusion When oral leukoplakia developes into oral squamous cell carcinoma, MDM2, p53, Ki-67 shows high expression, and there is a positive correlation between MDM2, p53, Ki-67.

Objective To explore whether combined olmesartan angiotensin Ⅱ receptor type 1 blocker(ARB) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor(ACEI) temocapril have synergistic effect on reversal of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRsp). Methods Fourty-four SHRsps and 11 Wistar-Kyoto rats(WKY) were divided randomly into 5 groups:WKY-control group, SHRsp-control group, SHRsp-olmesartan 10 mg/(kg?d)group, SHRsp-temocapril 10 mg/(kg?d)group, and SHRsp-Olmesartan 3 mg/(kg?d)+temocapril 3 mg/(kg?d) group for 6 weeks. Hearts weight were measured and histologically studied. The mRNA expression of angiotensin Ⅱ receptor type 1(AT1R) and integrin ?1 in myocardium was detected by RT-PCR. Results Olmesartan, temocapril and the their combination significantly reduced systolic blood pressure in a similar magnitude. Combination therapy was shown not greater effect in reversal of LVH than by olmesartan alone, although the effect by both of them was greater than temocapril monotherapy. The mRNA levels of AT1R and integrin ?1 in SHRsp were significantly decreased by treatment with olmesartan, temocapril, or combination therapy. Olmesartan and combination therapy result in greater decreases in expression of AT1R and integrin ?1 mRNA in myocardium than that by temocapril. Conclusion Compared with olmesartan alone, the combination of ARS and ACEI didn't show synergistic effect on reversal of left ventricular hypertrophy as were down-regulation of AT1R and suppression of integrin ?1 mRNA in myocardium.

Objective To study the efficacy and safty of low dose rituximab therapy in elderly patients with chronic refractory immune thrombocytopenia(ITP) .Methods 36 elderly patients with chronic refractory ITP were collected from Xingtai People′s Hospital of Hebei ,the patients were given intravenous injection of intravenous rituximab at the dose of 100 mg once weekly for 4 consecutive weeks ,observing the efficacy and adverse reaction and following up for 12 months .Difference of platelet (PLT ) ,white blood cell (WBC) ,cluster differentiation 8 + (CD8 + ) ,CD19 + eukomonocyte number and immunoglobulin (IgG ,IgM ,IgA )were compared before and after treatment .Results The responses of complete remission (CR)were 17 casese(47 .2% ) ,remission (R) were 11 casese (30 .6% ) and no remission (NR) 8 casese (22 .2% ) respectively ,2 patients experienced mild dizziness and chest tightness ;PLT were significantly increased ( P = 0 .001) after treatment ,CD19 + lymphocyte count decreased significantly (P =0 .001) ,WBC ,CD8 + lymphocyte and serum immunoglobulin IgG ,IgM ,IgA showed no significant difference before and after treat-ment(P> 0 .05) .Conclusion Low dose rituximab had better clinical efficacy for the treatment of elderly patients with chronic re -fractory ITP ,low dose rituximab may be a effective treatment in elderly chronic refractory ITP patients with minor adverse reac -tions .

Objective To systematically the effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction(MBSR) on improving perceived stress and sleep disturbance in cancer patients.Methods The databases of PubMed(Medline),Cochrane,BIOSIS Previews,Web of Science,CBM,CNKI,VIP and Wanfang Data were retrieved by computer,moreover the related journals and included reference literatures were retrieved by manual searching for finding the randomized controlled trials(RCTs) on the application of MBSR in perceived stress and sleep disturbance of cancer patients.Two reviewers independently screened the literatures according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,extracted the data,and assessed the quality of RCTs.The meta analysis was conducted by adopting the RevMan 5.3 software.Results Nine RCTs involving 974 patients were included.The meta analysis results indicated that the improvement of perceived stress and sleep disturbance after intervention had statistical difference between the MBSR group and control group[MD=-4.63,95％CI(-5.10,-4.17),P＜0.01,MD=-2.18,95％CI (-2.35,-2.01),P＜0.01],but the difference after 3-month intervention between the two groups was not statistically significant.Conclusion The present evidences show that the MBSR method can relieve the perceived stress and sleep disturbance in cancer patients during a short period,but long term effect still needs to carry out more researches to be verified.

OBJECTIVE To observe the ultra-structure and mucociliary transport speed of maxillary sinus mucosa of experimental rhinogenic acute sinusitis in rabbits.METHODS Fifteen healthy adult male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into experimental group(10 rabbits) and blank control group(5 rabbits) randomly.For the experimental group,a piece of polyvinyl acetal absorbent sponge(Merocel?) in size of 3 mm?5 mm?25 mm was inserted into the right-side nasal cavity of each rabbit.The sponges were soaked with 1ml type Ⅲ streptococcus pneumoniae solution.Two weeks after insertion,the mucociliary transport speed was measured by India ink solution method.All rabbits were sacrificed to obtain the right-side maxillary sinus mucosa for ultrastructure observation through transmission electron microscope.RESULTS The mucociliary transport speed of experimental group was much lower than that of blank control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P

[Objective]To evaluate the role of mature cumulus cells from oocyte-cumulus complex(OCC)in in-vitro maturation(IVM)and establish a new culture technique which is convenient to carry out.[Methods]The cumulus cells of OCC were cut off and dispersed by 1 mL syringe.The cumulus cells were co-cultured with the immature oocytes retrieved from the COH cycles after they adherent to the bottom of the dish.The immature oocytes were experienced IVM procedures in different culture media.They were divided into 3 groups(the oocytes at germinal vesicle stage from one woman were allotted to the same group randomly).Group 1(solution A):basic culture medium+human follicular fluid(hFF);Group 2(solution B):solution A+ cumulus cells(OCC);Group 3(solution C):solution A+ OCC+ follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)+ epidermal growth factor (EGF).Then,the maturation rate,fertilization rate and formation rate of available embryo were observed.[Results]In 113 treatment cycles,298 immature oocytes were performed IVM with solution A,B,and C.The difference for 24 hour maturation rates among 3 groups wag statistically significant(A:45.2%,B:61.7%,C:78.2%,P＜0.05).There was no statistical difference for 25～48 hour maturation rates and normal fertilization rates of mature oocytes.The differences of cleavage rates and rescued embryo rates between group 1 and 2,group 1 and 3 were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The formation rates of available embryo showed an increasing trend from group 1,2,to 3.[Conclusion]After being dispersed by simply beat upon with syringe and adherent culture,the mature cumulus eells from mature OCCs in COH cycles,together with growth factors in the follicular fluid or extraneously supplemented,could promote the IVM of immature oocyte.