Objective To analyse the significance of proto oncogene protein in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral leukoplakia.Methods 40 patients who were diagnosed with oral leukoplakia (OLK),40 patients who were diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC),and at the same time, 40 healthy volunteers as control group were collected.the lesions and normal oral mucosa were taken as samples, left supernatant after grinding, MDM2 protein, p53 protein and Ki-67 protein were detected by ELISA in three groups,and analyse the correlation between three groups.Results Among three groups,MDM2, p53 expression:OSCC group>OLK group>control group (P<0.05).Ki-67 expression level among three groups, OSCC group>OLK group>control group (P<0.05).MDM2, p53, Ki-67 expression had a positive correlation in OSCC group and OLK group (P<0.05), but there was no obvious correlation in control group.Conclusion When oral leukoplakia developes into oral squamous cell carcinoma, MDM2, p53, Ki-67 shows high expression, and there is a positive correlation between MDM2, p53, Ki-67.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and coagulation parameters of the infants with placental abruption . Methods Analysis was made on clinical and laboratory indexes of the hospitalized children of the NICU of Bayi Clinical Medical College of South Medical University ,enrolled from August 2012 to January 2013 ,including 60 infants with placental abruption as observation group and 60 infants without placental abruption as the control group .Results From clinical manifestations and lab date ,significant differences were found in gestational age ,polyembryony ,premature rupture of membrane ,birth weight ,intrauterine growth retardation ,motherhood gestational hypertension ,mother gestational diabetes mellitus ,asphyxia ,APTT ,D-dimer on admis-sion between the observation group and control group (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Placental abruption is the result of placental insuffi-ciency ,which may cause coagulation disorder and thus show the pathological state of high condensation in infants .

Objective: To compare the diagnostic performance between panoramic radiography(PR)and cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)in the assessment of external root resorption(ERR)of mandibular second molars associated with impacted third molars. Methods: A total number of 832 patients with 1 074 mesially and horizontally impacted mandibular third molars treated at our institution from January 2019 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Presence of ERR on the adjacent second molar was investigated with PR and CBCT. Factors affecting the diagnostic accuracy of PR were determined. Results: The overall incidence of ERR in second molars was 33.15%(356/1 074)as detected by CBCT images. The accuracy of PR was 66.39%. Multivariate Logistic regression analyses further revealed that middle and Class Ⅲ impaction, crown contact or overlap with the root of adjacent tooth were risk factors for inaccurate diagnosis of PR(P<0.05). Conclusion The accuracy of detection on ERR of mandibular second molar associated with impacted third molar using panoramic radiography is lower. CBCT is recommended for this clinical scenario.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of domestic exogenous pulmonary surfactant (EPS)-Calsurf in treating full-term neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).Methods (1) From January 2011 to June 2012,154 full-term neonates with RDS were divided into Calsurf group (74 cases) and Curosurf group (80 cases),comparing differences in changes of arterial blood gas,the length of hospital stay,hospitalization expenses,duration of mechanical ventilation,inspired oxygen time,the incidences of complications and repeated EPS use rates between two groups.(2) In order to compare the effectiveness of different doses of Calsurf in treating full-term neonatal RDS,from July 2012 to March 2013,80 RDS patients who received Calsurf were divided into mild-moderate group (grade Ⅱ ～ Ⅲ on chest X-ray,50 cases) and severe group (grade Ⅳ on chest X-ray,30 cases).Furthermore,each group was divided into two subgroups,which were low-dosage(per-time 30 ～40 mg/kg) and high-dosage group (per-time 30 ～40 mg/kg).Results (1) Before administrating Calsurf and after administrating it at 0.5 h and 6 h,the pH,PaCO2 and PaO2 of RDS patients were no significant difference in two groups (P ＞ 0.05).(2) There were no significant difference between the duration of mechanical ventilation,inspired oxygen time,length of hospital stay in two groups (P ＞ 0.05).But the hospitalization expenses in Calsurf and Curosurf groups were 28.778 versus 31.827 thousand yuan,respectively,with the average reduction of 9.6％ in Calsurf group (P ＜ 0.05).(3) There were no significant difference between the morbidities and mortalities of multiple organ failure,persistent pulmonary hypertension,acute renal failure and pneumothorax in two groups (P ＞ 0.05).(4) In mild-moderate grade RDS patients,the low-dosage or high-dosage of Calsurf had similar effectiveness in improving bloog gas (P ＞ 0.05),the repeated Calsurf use rates of both subgroups were 16.0％ (4/25) and 20.0％ (5/25) (P ＞ 0.05).While in severe RDS patients,high-dosage Calsurf got a better effectiveness in improving bloog gas than low-dosage Calsurf(P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,the repeated Calsurf use rates of the low-dosage and high-dosage subgroups were 20.0％ (3/15) and 33.3％ (5/15),with a 40％ reduction in high-dosage subgroup.Conclusion (1) Both Calsurf and Curosurf can significantly improve the conditions of hypoxemia and hypercapnia,moreover,the length of hospital stay and duration of mechanical ventilation of both groups are similar,with less hospitalization expense in Calsurf group.(2) Both low and high-dosage Calsurf have similar curative effect on mild-moderate RDS,but for severe RDS,high-dosage Calsurf works better,reducing the repeated EPS use rate to some extent.

Objective To construct a lentiviral vector carrying angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and DsRed gene, and to package a virus particles. Methods The Ang-1 lentiviral vector with DsRed (PLV.Ex3d.P/puro-CMV>Ang-1>IRES/DsRed-Express2) was constructed by Gateway technology, and identiifed by PCR and gene sequencing. The lentiviral vector was mixed with helper vector pLV/helper-SL3, pLV/helper-SL4 and pLV/helper-SL5 by Lipofectamine 2000 to prepare DNA-Lipofectamine?2000 complexes. The complexes were then added to transfect 293FT cells and package virus. The virus titers and infection ef-ifciency were determined by lfuorescence expression. Results Ang-1 lentiviral vector PLV.Ex3d.P/puro-CMV>Ang-1>IRES/DsRed-Express2 was constructed successfully as identified by PCR and gene sequencing. Lentivirus with high-efficiency infection was produced by transfection to 293FT cells and the virus titer was 5×108 TU/ml. Conclusions The recombinant len-tiviral vector for Ang-1 was successfully constructed by Gateway technology and the lentivirus with high-efifciency infection packaging can be used for further experiment of Ang-1 gene.

Objective Lung ultrasound has been used extensively to diagnose many types of lung disease.This study aimed to evaluate the pulmonary reasons for long-term oxygen dependence (LTOD) in premature infants using lung ultrasound.Methods Lung ultrasound was routinely performed in 50 premature infants clinically diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD).Results Among the 50 patients studied,there were 9 cases of atelectasis,4 cases of pneumonia,2 cases of severe pulmonary edema,and 3 cases of pulmonary edema and consolidation that coexisted with BPD.The babies' oxygen dependence either resolved completely or significantly decreased following appropriate treatments.Conclusion More than onethird of the cases of LTOD in premature babies were caused by either BPD alone or diseases other than BPD.Lung ultrasound plays an important role in differentiating pulmonary causes of LTOD in BPD patients,and the results of our study suggest that modifying the diagnostic criteria for BPD may be necessary.

Objective To investigate the situation of oxygen supplement and the incidence and clinical characteristics of long-term oxygen inhalation newborns in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU).Methods The records of oxygen supplement and the related clinical data of 12 155 neonates admitted in our NICU from Oct 2009 to May 2011 were collected and retrospectively analyzed.The results were compared with the data from a survey on 19 hospitals in China which reported by other authors.Results In 12 155 newborns,4 951 were full term,7 204 were preterm.One hundred and two patients (0.84％,102/12 155 ) accepted oxygen for more than 28 days.Among them,88 were preterm,14 were full term,with the average gestational age (31.16 ±3.70) weeks,the average birth weight (1.60 ±0.68) kg and the mean oxygen supplement period (40.60 ± 12.25) d.Finally,98 were cured or improved,4 died.The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in 7 204 preterm infants was 1.22％ ( 88/7 204) according to the standard of continuous oxygen supply more than 28 days after birth.The incidence of BPD in preterm infants less than 32 weeks was 4.92％ (68/1 381 ) according to the standard of continuous oxygen supply more than 28 days after birth,while the rate was only 2.10％ (29/1 381 ) according to the standard of continuous oxygen supply more than 36 weeks postmenstrual age.The rates of BPD according to the two different standards were significantly different ( x2 =16.251,P ＜0.001 ).There were significant differences in the rate of supply oxygen( x2 =119.99) and supply oxygen time( F =109.27 ) among different gestational age groups in overall the 5 499 neonates ( P ＜0.001 ),but no significant differences in the average time of oxygen supply and mechanical ventilation among different gestational age groups in infants with long-term oxygen dependence ( P ＞ 0.05 ).There were significant differences in rates of pulmonary surfactant therapy,heart failure,retinopathy of prematurity,congenital heart disease,other congenital malformation and mortality among different gestational age groups in long-term oxygen dependence infants (x2 =8.789,13.538,23.176,7.778,8.842,8.246,P ＜ 0.05 ).As compared with the data from 19 hospitals,the corrected rate of long-term oxygen supplement in preterm infants in our hospital was obviously lower[0.99％ (71/7204) vsl.54％ (190/12 351),P ＜0.001].Conclusion Theincidence of BPD in our NICU is low.Lower gestational age,immature lung and secondary lung injury may be the mainly cause of neonatal long-term oxygen dependence,but some factors such as congenital heart disease,congenital malformations should be considered in more mature infants.The most appropriate standard for BPD still remains to be discussed.

Objective To evaluate the value of lung ultrasound in diagnosing infectious pneumonia (IPN) of newborns. Methods Seventy-two infants hospitalized from September 1, 2012 to May 30, 2013, in Bayi Children's Hospital, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command were divided into two groups. The study group consisted of 32 newborn infants diagnosed as IPN by medical history, clinical manifestations and chest X-ray, while the control group consisted of 40 neonates without any lung diseases. In a quiet state, the infants were placed in supine, side or prone position for lung ultrasound examination. The lung field was divided into three areas by the anterior and posterior axillary line. The regions of the bilateral lung were scanned by the probe which was vertical with the ribs. Fisher's exact was performed for stastical analysis. Results The most important ultrasound imaging findings of IPN included lung consolidation of varying size and shape with irregular and serrated margins (100%, 32/32), dynamic air bronchograms (100%, 32/32), A-line disappearance (100%, 32/32) and interstitial syndrome (100%, 32/32). Other common ultrasound signs included pleural line abnormalities (91%, 29/32), lung pulse (38%, 12/32) and dynamic air bronchograms (66%, 21/32) under real-time ultrasound. Pleural effusion was an infrequent sign that existed in 9%(3/32)of IPN patients. None of these abnormalities was observed in the control group. Conclusion Lung ultrasound is reliable for the diagnosis of IPN and can be routinely performed in neonatal intensive care units, and a large area of lung consolidation with irregular margins A-line disappearance, interstitial syndrome and pleural line abnormalities are the main image findings.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of lung ultrasonography for transient tachypnea of new-born (TTN).Methods From January to December 201 4,a total of 1 358 children were hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Center and underwent lung ultrasonography at the Bayi Children′s Hospital,Beijing Military General Hospital.According to the patients′medical histories,clinical presentations,arterial blood gas analysis,chest X -ray examinations,and lung ultrasound examinations,there were 41 2 cases of patients without pulmonary lesions,228 cases of TTN,358 cases of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS),85 cases of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS),21 5 ca-ses of infectious pneumonia,and 60 other cases at the time of hospital admission.In a resting state,the patients were placed in a supine,lateral recumbent or prone position.By using the anterior and posterior axillary lines as boundaries, the lung was divided into 3 regions:anterior,lateral,and posterior.The probe was perpendicular or parallel to the ribs, and each region of both sides of the lung was scanned.The scan results were compared to the conventional chest X -ray results.Results The main ultrasonic characteristics of TTN was pulmonary edema.In severe cases,the ultrasound showed a white lung or compact B -line.Compact B -line had 1 00.0% sensitivity and 95.3% specificity for diagno-sing severe TTN.Mild TTN presented as pulmonary interstitial syndrome or double lung point.Double lung point might appear during the recovery period of mild TTN or other diseases,such as RDS,MAS,and pneumonia,among others. Lung consolidation and air bronchogram were not observed in patients with TTN.Pleural effusion might occur in a varie-ty of lung diseases,and pleural line abnormality,A -line disappearance,and B -line or pulmonary interstitial syndrome were common ultrasonic manifestations of a variety of lung diseases.Conclusions Ultrasonic diagnosis of TTN,mainly based on pulmonary edema without lung consolidation and air bronchogram,is accuracy and reliable;however,double lung point is not a specific sign of TTN,whereas the identification of a white lung and compact B -line is a sensitive and specific sign of severe TTN.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinic and pathologic features of one patient diagnosed with neurocutaneous melanosis ( NCM ) by biopsy.MethodsA 21-year-old woman presented with a 2-month history of tinnitus,headache,vomiting and 1-month history of impaired vision.At birth,a massive nevus covering most of the posterior abdomen had been noted as well as the presence of multiple smaller lesions all over the body.Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a posterior fossa cyst compatible with the Dandy-Walker syndrome and extensive leptomeningeal enhancement. Surgery was performed to cystectomy and to obtain pathologic specimens from the leptomeninges. Biopsy and immunohistochemical study was performed.ResultsAt surgery,diffuse black pigmentation of the leptomeninges and the cyst was found.Under microscope,the cyst and leptomeninges were composed with melanocytes with variable pigmentation.Those cells positive for HMB45,MelanA,S100 and vimentin.Ki-67 positive cells ＜ 1％.The pathologic diagnosis wasleptomeningeal diffusemelanocytosis. Thepatientdied 2months after thesurgery.ConclusionsNCM is characterized by a focal or diffuse proliferation of melanin-producing cells in both the skin and the leptomeninges.NCM could be compatible with the Dandy-Walker syndrome.Definite diagnosis relies upon the histological data obtained by mean of biopsy.