Objective To investigate the polymorphism of DXS6854 locus in Guangdong Han population. Methods The DXS6854 locus was analyzed by PCR following polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining. Results Among 189 females and 230 males from Guangdong Han population, 8 alleles were observed with frequencies ranging from 0.0026 to 0.4522. Exact tests demonstrated genotype frequencies in females had no departure from Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium. The discrimination powers for female and male original samples were 0.8633 and 0.7012, respectively. When both mother and her daughter were tested, the probability of excluding a random man as a father was 0.6712. Conclusion The DXS6854 locus is appropriate for individual identification and paternity testing involving a female child.

【Objective】 To understand the polymorphism of D13S63 1 in Guangdong Han population. 【Method】 Short tandem repeat (STR) locus D13S63 1 was analyzed by means of polymerase chain reaction, following discontinuous el ectrophoresis system. 【Result】 Among 227 unrelated individuals from Guangdong Han population, 6 alleles rang from 197～217 bp could be observed. The most com mon allele with a frequency 0.2907 is allele 201 bp, the rare allele is allele 197 bp with a frequency 0.0903. The heterozygosity, the power of discrimination and the exclusion chance in paternity case were 0.7885，0.9231, 0.5543, respect ively. Segregation studies reveal that D13S631 inherit in Medel's Law. 【Conclus ion】 The result shows that locus D13S631 is highly informative and suitable fo r forensic application.

To investigate haplotype distribution of the Y-chromosome STRs (DYS19, DYS390 and DYS389 locus) in Han population in Guangdong area. The STRs were typed by poplymerase chain reaction followed by discontinuous PAGE system. Among 130 unrelated males, 81 different haplotypes were observed, 52 out of them were found only one time. The haplotype genetic diversity, discrimination power and non-father exclusion chance are 0. 9989, 0. 9824, 0. 9824, respectively. The high informative haplotypes make these STRs useful for the forensic individual identification and paternity testing.

Objective Estimate the paternity exclusion probability for 15 short tandem repeats (CODIS set plus Penta D and Penta E) in duo paternity tests. Methods 644 random individuals were paired to con-struct 207046 fictitious duo families. Cases of non-exclusion or with only one exclusionarylocus were count-ed. Results 27 cases could not be excluded by the 15 STR loci. The combined probability of exclusion was 0.999869. Number of cases showing only one exclusionary locus was 384 (0.185%). Conclusion To con-firm relationship in duo cases with only 15 STRs should be careful. Extensive genetic markers is needed to discriminate one locus exclusion or mutation.

Objective To understand psychiatry hospital nurse' s self-compassion situation, explore the influencing factors, for nursing managers to know about the clinical nurses psychological health and to provide a reference data of intervention to improve the level of self-compassion. Methods A total of 381 clinical nurses from the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital) completed the survey using the questionnaire including the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) and general information questionnaire. The influence factors were analyzed by chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis. Results The total score of SCS was (85.43 ± 10.23) points in 381 clinical nurses with the medium level, which was less than that of other nurse group (109.21±9.76) points, and there was significant difference(t=-45.388, P < 0.01).The Logistic regression analysis showed that female and working in the psychiatric ward were the risk factors of self compassion(OR=1.772, 1.995, P<0.05 or 0.01). While on the night shift was the protective factor(OR=0.536, P < 0.01). Conclusions Psychiatric hospital nurse' s self-compassion is at medium level. When the nurses cope with the negative events may lack adjustment method. Nursing managers should pay attention to train the ability of the nurse individual self-compassion, targeted to carry out active intervention measures.

Objective:To observe the effects of ischemic postconditioning (I-postC)on the lung injury after limb ischemia reperfusion (LIR)in the rats,and to investigate the protective effect and the possible mechanisms. Methods:24 Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, ischemia-reperfusion group (IR group)and I-postC group (n=8 ). Referring to routine method in our department, the model rats which underwent 4 h ischemia and 4 h reperfusion of hind limbs were made.In control group,the rubber band around the limb was loose and the blood flow was not blocked. In I-postC group, before reperfusion, ischemia 5 min and reperfusion 5 min were performed in the rats,repeated for 3 times and then perfusion 4 h was taken,The blood and lung tissue from every rat were taken accurately. The percentages of CD1 8 positive cells in peripheral blood,the levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1)and P-selectin in plasma,the myeloperoxidase (MPO)activities in lung tissue,the levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)and P-selectin in lung tissue of the rats in various groups were detected. The partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2 ) and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2 )were measured.The morphological changes of lung tissue under light and electron microscopes were observed.Results:Compared with control group,the percentage of CD18 positive cells and the levels of sICAM-1 and P-selectin of the rats in IR groups were increased (P<0.01);PaO2 and PaCO2 were decreased significantly;the MPO activity in lung tissue was also significantly increased (P<0.01).The HE staining results showed lung interstitial vascular dilation, congestion, PMN infiltration, the increased gap blood vessel, alveolar septal thickening,alveolar exudation, bronchial epithelial cell shedding and necrosis of the rats in IR group. Compared with IR group,the values of biochemical indicators mentioned above were decreased obviously (P<0.01);PaO2 and PaCO2 were increased significantly (P<0.01);the activities of inflammatory factors in plasma and lung tissue were decreased (P < 0.01 ); the pathological changes of lung damage were improved significantly. Conclusion:I-postC can reduce the lung injury after LIR in the rats,and the mechanism may be related to inhibiting the inflammatory reaction.

Objective To observe the effects of ischemic postconditioning (I-postC) on lung injury after limb ischemia reperfusion (LIR) in rats, and to investigate the protective effect and the mechanisms. Methods Twenty-four Wistar rats were divided into three groups:control group (group Control), ischemia-reperfusion group (group IR) and ischemic postcondi?tioning group (group I-postC). Referring to routine method in our department, the model rats underwent 4-hour ischemia and 4-hour reperfusion of hind limbs were made. In group Control, the rubber band around the limb was loose,which did not block the blood flow. Rats in group I-postC were given repeated 3 times of 5 min ischemia-5 min reperfusion, and then did perfusion 4 h before reperfusion. The blood and lung samples were collected for detecting arterial gas of partial pressure of oxygen [p(O2)] and partial pressure of carbon dioxide [p(CO2)]. The plasma and lung tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and xanthine oxidase (XOD) were detected. The morphological changes of lung tissue were ob?served under light microscope and electron microscope. Results It was found that after suffering from ischemia-reperfu?sion, levels of p(O2) and p(CO2) decreased significantly. The activity of SOD in plasma and lung tissues decreased, but XOD and MDA increased significantly (P<0.05). With microscope, lung interstitial vascular dilation, infiltration of neutrophils, the width of the alveolar space, alveolar septal thickening and alveolar exudate were found. Compared with IR group, it was found that p(O2) and p(CO2) increased significantly in group I-postC. The activity of SOD in plasma and lung tissues in?creased, but XOD and MDA decreased significantly(P<0.05). The mild damage of pathological changes were found. Conclu?sion Ischemic postconditioning can reduce the lung injury after limb ischemia reperfusion in rats, which may be related to the inhibition of lipid peroxidation.

Objective To discuss the probability of siblings identification by autosomal short tandem repeat (STR). Methods 150 pairs of full siblings and 150 pairs of unrelated individuals were genotyped by the 15 STR loci of Power Plex?6 system. Paternity index of full siblings (Pips) and paternity probability of full siblings (WFS) were calculated with the method of ITO. WFS and allelic matching of the two groups were compared, and three sorts of allelic matching in each pair were tested by chi-square test. Results Wps of 100 pairs of siblings (66.67%) were more than 0.9995; WFS of unrelated individuals were less than 0.8, and that of 100 pairs (66.67%) were less than 0.27. The locus number of the entire-same ranged from 1 to 10, averaged 5.49 in siblings, while in unrelated individuals ranged from 0 to 5 and averaged 1.33; that of the entire-different ranged from 0 to 6, averaged 1.66 in siblings but ranged from 2 to 11 and averaged 6.57 in unrelated individuals; that of the half-same ranged from 3 to 13, averaged 7.85 in siblings, and ranged from 1 to 13, averaged 7.11 in unrelated individuals. By chi-square test, there was significant difference (P0.05) in the half-same between the two groups. Conclusion It is effective to identify siblings by Power-Plex?6 system. Testing of 15 STR loci of PowerPlex?6 system, it suggested that the pair were unrelated individuals when the locus number of the entirely-different is not less than 6 or that of the entirely-same is zero, and that the pair were siblings when the locus number of entirely-different is not more than 1 or that of the entirely-same is not less than 6.

Objective To study the effect and possible mechanism of Apelin in candate on the pain behavior of rat. Methods Tail flick latency(TFL)of rat was taken as pain threshold and radiant heat as nociceptive stimulus. Microinjected Apelin into rat's caudate to observe the effect of Apelin on modulating of pain in CNS and then to study the interaction between Apelin and morphine in modulation of pain.And the contents of cAMP and cGMP in candate tissue and blood plasma were detected.Results Compared with control groups,the pain threshold of rat decreased when Apelin Was injected into caudate alone.Injected 0.5μl Apelin of 10~(-4) moL/L into rat caudate 10 min later,the pain threshold of rat Was reduced(-9.22±1.26)%and 40 min later(-16.95±1.46)%compared with normal saline group(-0.32±1.2)%,(0.17±0.80)%),and it had statistical significance(P<0.01).The contents of cAMP in caudate Was(14.08±2.25)nmol/g and blood plasma(19.94± 4.43)nmol/L compared with normal saline(133.05±20.41)nmol/g,(38.66±6.73)nmol/L,and they had statistical significance(P<0.01).Conclusions Apelin can facilitate the pain behavior of rat induced by radiant heat stimulus and consequently plays a hyperalgesia role in CNS.Apelin may have interaction with morphine and display its hyperalgesia effect through the intracellular second messenger cAMP.

[Objective] To learn about the genetic diversity,we studied the five X-chromosomal STR (X-STR) loci in Guangdong Han Nationality Groups.[Methods] The five Loci (DXS6803,DXS981,DXS6809,DXS6789,and DXS7132) were amplified in a pentaplex PCR reaction.PCR products were analyzed using capillary electrophoresis and ABI prism 3100 Genetic Analyzer,with GeneMapper ID 3.1 Analysis Software.[Results] A total of 363 individuals (181 unrelated male and 182 unrelated female) from Guangdong Han population were tested,54 alleles were observed for these loci.Polymorphism information content is 0.6935 ～ 0.8177.Power of discrimination in females was 0.8976 ～ 0.9562.Mean exclusion chance for X-STR in standard trios with daughters was 0.7805 ～ 0.8467.[Conclusion] The five loci in the multiplex system provide high polymorphism information for forensic identification and paternity testing,particularly for difficult paternity deficiency cases.