Objective To investigate the chemical constituents in the leaves of Dracaena cochinchinensis.Methods The compounds were separated with column chromatography and their chemical structures were identified by physicochemical and spectral method,respectively.Results Thirteen compounds were isolated from the plant. They were identified as isorhamnerin(Ⅰ),quercetin(Ⅱ),25(R)-spirostane-5-en-3?-ol(Ⅲ),gracillin(Ⅳ),25(R)-spirostane-5-en-3?,14?-diol(Ⅴ),25(R)-spirostane-5-en-3?,14?-diol-3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside(Ⅵ),25(R)-spirostane-5-en-3?,14?-diol-3-O-?-L-rhamnopyranosy(1→4)-?-D-glucopyranoside(Ⅶ),25(R)-spirostane-14?-hydroxy-4-en-3-one(Ⅷ),7?-hydroxysistosterol-3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside(Ⅸ),?-stigmasterol(Ⅹ),stigmasterol-3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside(Ⅺ),daucosterol (Ⅹ Ⅱ),and methyl ?D-glucopyranoside(Ⅹ Ⅲ).Conclusion Spirostane-type steroids are the major constituents in the leaves of D.cochinchinensis.Compounds Ⅰ-Ⅲ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ,Ⅷ,and Ⅸ are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Objective To study the chemical constituents in the roots of Flemingia macrophylla Methods To separate and purify compounds by column chromatography and TLC, and to determine their chemical structures by their physical characters and spectral data. Results Eleven compounds were purified from the extraction in the roots of F. macrophylla, among them four are isoflavones, three are flavanones, and one is flavanol. They are genistein (Ⅰ), orobol (Ⅱ), 5, 7, 4′-trihydroxyisoflavone-7-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (Ⅲ), 5, 7, 4′-trihydroxy-8, 3′-diprenylflavanone (Ⅳ), 5, 7, 4′-trihydroxy-6-prenylisoflavone (Ⅴ), flemichin D (Ⅵ), lespedezaflavanone A(Ⅶ), ouratea-catechin (Ⅷ), 3, 4, 5-trimethoxybenzene-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (Ⅸ), stigmasterol-3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (Ⅹ), and stigmasterol (Ⅺ). Conclusion Compounds Ⅲ—Ⅴ, and Ⅶ—Ⅺ are found from this plant for the first time. All the compounds are found from the roots of this plant for the first time. The active components, genistein and its isoflavone analogs, are main constituents in the roots of F. macrophylla

Objective The experiment compared the chemical components in the roots,stems,and leaves of Dracaena cochinchinensis with those in the raw material of Dragon's blood,in order to find the possible raw material of Dragon's blood.Methods Technology of thin layer chromatography(TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Results The results showed that the roots,stems,and leaves of D.cochinchinensis just contained small amount of loureirin A,the contents of loureirin A of the three samples are: 58,53,and 15 ?g/g,respectively.Loureirin B was only detected in the leaves with content of 2 ?g/g.Conclusion From the analysis of peak areas and the retention time,there are only slight correlations among the components of the four samples and the chemical components among the roots,stem,and leaves are different.Moreover,there is too low content of loureirins in the roots,stem,and leaves to be raw material of Dragon's blood.

Objective To study the chemical constituents of Ophiorrhiza rosea.Methods The chemical constituents in O.rosea were extracted with 90% methanol,isolated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel,alumina gel,MCI gel,and macroporous resin adsorption.All the compounds were identified based on spectral analyses(MS,1H-NMR,and 13C-NMR).Results Eleven compounds were isolated from O.rosea.They were characterized as Harman(Ⅰ),2-hydroxy-3-hydroxymethylanthraquinone(Ⅱ),1hydroxy-2-hydroxymethylanthraquinone-3-O-?-D-glucoside(Ⅲ),1-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethylanthraquinone-3-O-?-D-primeveroside(Ⅳ),ursolic acid(Ⅴ),3?,19,24trihydroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid(Ⅵ),19,23-dihydroxy-3-oxo-12-ursen28-oic acid(Ⅶ),3?,24-dihydroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acid(Ⅷ),3,20-epoxy-3?,16-dihydroxy-15-oxo-7-pimaren-19,6-olide(Ⅸ),?-stigmasterol-3-O-?-D-glucoside(Ⅹ),and ?-sitosterol(Ⅺ).Conclusion This is the first report on the chemical constituents of O.rosea to find that it contains plentiful alkaloid Harman,multiform of triterpenes and anthraquinones.

OBJECTIVETo identify an inbred Chinese pedigree with autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy and analyze the molecular defects.

METHODSLinkage analysis was conducted using short tandem repeat(STR) markers from the regions associated with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A(LGMD2A) through 2H. Multi-Western blot was performed with anti-calpain-3, anti-dysferlin, anti-gamma-sarcoglycan, anti-alpha-sarcoglycan, and anti-dystrophin monoclonal antibodies. Mutation was determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and sequencing.

RESULTSTwo-point linkage analysis showed significant Lod scores with markers from chromosome 2p13, the highest two-point Lod scores were obtained with D2S337 (Z(max)=1.86 at theta=0). Multi-Western blot confirmed dysferlin deficiency of muscle specimen from the proband. Mutation analysis revealed a novel 6429delG mutation on exon 53 of the DYSF gene for the proband.

CONCLUSIONThe authors identified an inbred Chinese pedigree with Miyoshi myopathy caused by a 6429delG on the DYSF gene. This mutation is predicted to result in premature termination of translation.

DNA, Complementary ; chemistry ; Dysferlin ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Muscle Proteins ; genetics ; Muscular Diseases ; genetics ; Muscular Dystrophies ; genetics ; Mutation ; Pedigree