Up-regulation of DLL4 contributes to the angiogenesis in malignant tumors, and thus promote tumor growth. While down-regulation of DLL4 would cause antiangiogenesis and restrain tumor growth through forming a large number of no-function blood vessels. Thus it can be used in anti-VEGF tolerant tumors. Recently, DLL4 monoclonal antibody agents have entered clinic studies, and has achieved good curative effect in anti-VEGF tolerant tumors, but there are also some side effects. DLL4 would bring higher clinic value for cancer therapy if the side effects can be prevented effectively.

Objective: To determine anti oxygen free radical (anti OFR) function in each herb of Kangqianling Granules and its compound prescription. Method:The anti OFR function in herbs was tested in vitro by means of chemical luminescence .Results: The anti OFR functions of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei and Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae are the best, other herbs also have a bit of effects.Conclusion: Kangqianling Granules retarding CRF's course can be related to it’s anti OFR function.

Objective To report two cases of familial Gitelman syndrome and literature review regarding the updates of relevant genes,classification,treatment,and prognosis.Methods The clinical data of two sisters with Gitelman syndrome were retrospectively analyzed.Results Their blood pressures were within normal range.Hypokalaemic alkalosis,hypomagnesemia,and hypocalciuria were corrected almost completely after three days of intravenous magnesium and potassium infusion,spirolactone and indometacin.However,the maintenance of normal potassium was unsuccessful over one year.Conclusion Hypokalaemic alkalosis,hypomagnesemia,and hypocalciuria were normalized in Gitelman syndrome.There was some debate in regard to using PGE2 synthetase inhibitors.Tolerance of long-term medication will be the big challenge for curative effect.

A sensitive chemiluminescence(CL) method was developed for determining melamine in urine and plasma samples based on the fact that melamine can remarkably enhance the chemiluminescence of Luminol-K3 Fe(CN)6 system in alkaline medium.The determination conditions were optimized.Under optimum conditions,the chemiluminescence intensity had a good linear relationship with melamine in the range of 9.0 × 10 97.0 × 10 6 g/mL with a correlation coefficient of 0.9992.The detection limits (3σ) were 3.54 ng/mL for urine sample and 6.58 ng/mL for plasma sample.The average recoveries of melamine were 102.6％ for urine sample and 95.1％ for plasma sample.Melamine in samples was extracted with liquid-liquid extraction procedures and the assay results coincided very well with that determined with flow injection chemiluminescence method.The method provides a reproducible and stable approach for sensitive detection and quantification of melamine in urine and plasma samples.

A sensitive chemiluminescence（CL） method was developed for determining melamine in urine and plasma samples based on the fact that melamine can remarkably enhance the chemiluminescence of Luminol-K3 Fe（CN）6 system in alkaline medium. The determination conditions were optimized. Under optimum conditions, the chemiluminescence intensity had a good linear relationship with melamine in the range of 9.0 × 10^-9 - 7.0 × 10^-6 g/mL with a correlation coefficient of 0. 9992. The detection limits （3o） were 3.54 ng/mL for urine sample and 6.58 ng/mL for plasma sample. The average recoveries of melamine were 102.6% for urine sample and 95.1% for plasma sample. Melamine in samples was extracted with liquid-liquid extraction procedures and the assay results coincided very well with that determined with flow injection chemiluminescence method. The method provides a reproducible and stable approach for sensitive detection and quantification of melamine in urine and plasma samples.

Objective To develop a detection method based on the technology of gene chips which can quickly distinguish genes of Enterococcus faecalis, E.faecium and vancomycin resistance.Methods Based on the specific gene ( ddl) sequences of two types of Enterococcus from GenBank, oligonucleotide probes which could detect and distinguish special genes and drug resistance genes ( vanA,vanB) of Enterococcus were designed and compounded.Then,the probes were dotted to modified slide.The target DNA fragments of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus ( VRE) were labeled with biotin by multiple PCR amplification, and then hybridized with oligonucleotide probes on slide.The results were analyzed by portable imager.The multiple PCR system, hybridization reaction and condition of the chemiluminescence method were optimized before the specificity, sensitivity and reproducibility of the chip were evaluated.Results One universal primer, four specific primers, one universal probe and four specific probes were selected.This gene chip was demonstrated of high specificity and repeatability.The detection sensitivity was 103 CFU/ml.The gene chip detection results of 10 clinical samples were basically consistent with the drug sensitivity test ( 8/10 ) .Conclusion A gene chip technique for the detection of VRE is established successfully.It is possible to distinguish the type of VRE and detect the genetic phenotypes of drug resistance by gene chip technique.

BACKGROUND:With the promotion of 3D printing technology, 3D printing scaffolds for bone tissue engineering have become the new ideas for jaw bone repair. OBJECTIVE:To compare the physical and biological properties of sheep vertebral bone meal/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) scaffold, nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA)/PVA scaffold, and sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA nonporous bone plate. METHODS:3D printing technology was used to print sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA scaffold, nHA/PVA scaffold, and sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA nonporous bone plate. Porosity, morphology, water absorption rate and mechanical properties of different scaffolds were detected. Three kinds of scaffolds were al used to culture bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s, and cel proliferation ability was detected using cel counting kit-8 at 1, 4, 7 days of culture. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Under scanning electron microscope, the sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA scaffold and nHA/PVA scaffold exhibited regular and interconnected pores with good continuity and clear network structure;the sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA nonporous bone plate had no obvious pores;however, it had dense and evenly distributed micropores with different sizes on its surface. The porosity of nHA/PVA scaffold was lower than that of the sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA scaffold (P<0.05). The water absorption rate was highest for the nHA/PVA scaffold fol owed by the sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA scaffold and the sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA nonporous bone plate (P<0.05). In contrast, the scaffold toughness was highest for the sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA nonporous bone plate, fol owed by the sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA scaffold and nHA/PVA scaffold. In addition, the cel proliferation activity of cel s cultured on the sheep vertebral bone meal/PVA scaffold was significantly higher than that cultured on the other two kinds of scaffolds. Taken together, the 3D printing sheep vertebral bone/PVA scaffold has good physical and chemical performance.

ObjectiveTo investigate the condition of infants with urolithiasis caused by melaminetainted powdered formula at one-year follow-up. Methods Eighty-one young children with melamine-induced urolithiasis were followed up,which included urinalysis,renal-function tests,urinary tests for biochemical markers of renal glomerular and tubular function,and ultrasonography.Eighty-one age-matched healthy infants without exposure to melamine-contaminated formulas were enrolled as controls. Results Fifty-one of the patients were male and 30 female,with a mean age of 26 months (range 13 -48 months).The 81 children were divided into 2 groups according to treatment protocols.Group 1 received conservative treatment ( n =54 ) and Group 2 received surgical treatment ( n =27 ).In Group 1,3 patients (5.6％) had stone-residual:1 girl had calculus of 0.4 cm in diameter in the left kidney and 2 girls had calculus of 0.3 cm in diameter in the right kidney.In Group 2,2 patients (7.4％) had stone-residual,1 boy had crystallization of 0.2 cm in diameter in the right kidney and 1 boy had calculus of 1.5 cm in diameter in the left kidney,positive stone was confirmed by X-ray and accepted percutaneous nephrolithotomy.Urinary microalbumin levels were significantly increased in the children with melamine-induced urolithiasis compared with the control group (P ＜0.01 ).Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine were within the normal range with no significant difference between the 2 groups. ConclusionsAt one-year follow-up most of the children exposed to melamine-tainted infant formula in both treatment groups had returned to a healthy state,suggesting a satisfactory outcome for both treatment options.However,surgery is recommended in patients with stoneresidual ＞ 10 mm.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of traffic law violations among middle school students of Hunan province and to identify the influencing factors. METHODS: Stratified sampling and cluster sampling were used to randomly select students from 96 classes of 16 middle schools. Road traffic law violations were measured through recalling the occurrence of 5 common violations in the prior year. Most of influencing factors were collected by self-designed questionnaire except for family support function and parenting that were measured by the family assessment device (FAD) and the parenting locus of control scale (PLOC), respectively. Kruskal Wallis H test and multinomial logistic regression were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The overall incidence rate of five common traffic law violations among middle school students in Hunan province fell between 16.6%-43.3%. Except for running against traffic light or not using pedestrian crossings (8.2%), students with the other 4 traffic law violations merely accounted for less 4%. The rates of students with 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 kinds of traffic law violations were 25.3%, 17.8%, 10.2%, 6.2% and 3.4%, respectively. Logistic regression showed that there were 3 factors (area, junior or senior high school, and single child or not), 5 factors (area, junior or senior high school, sex, single child or not, and class leader or not) and 6 factors (type of school, junior or senior high school, sex, class leader or not, family support function, and type of family education) significantly associating with the occurrence of 1, 2, and 3 or more traffic law violations, respectively. CONCLUSION Only a small proportion of students often or almost always break traffic law or break several traffic laws at the same time. Students with serious traffic law violations should be targeted by school safety education and intervention.
Accidents, Traffic ; prevention & control ; Adolescent ; Automobile Driving ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Dangerous Behavior ; Female ; Humans ; Law Enforcement ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Safety ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Sampling Studies ; Students ; psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective To explore the presence and potential interactions of microbes and bacteriophages in the blood of healthy individuals by employing in-depth bioinformatics mining to analyze the structure and function of the blood microbi-ome ecosystem.Methods Blood plasma samples from 1 600 voluntary blood donors collected at Mianyang Central Blood Station from 2012 to 2018 were subjected to DNA extraction and library construction.High-throughput sequencing was con-ducted using the Illumina HiSeq 4500 platform,followed by extensive bioinformatics analysis.Microbial abundance in blood samples was analyzed using metagenomic analysis software such as Bowtie2,Trimmomatic and Kraken.Subsequent phage-ome analysis included sequence quality control,assembly,identification,clustering and functional annotation using software such as Megahit,geNomad,CheckV and eggNOG-mapper.Phylogenetic trees,species annotation and host analysis and pre-diction for the identified blood bacteriophages were constructed using iTOL,BLAST and PhaBOX software.Results Met-agenomic sequencing identified microbes across 36 phyla,151 orders,338 families,338 genera and 3 757 species in the plasma samples.At the species level,the most abundant species included Bacillus cereus,Lactobacillus murinus,L.johnso-nii,Faecalibacterium prausnitzii,B.thuringiensis,L.reuteri,Cutibacterium acnes,Dietzia sp.JS16-p6b,Mycoplasma hyo-rhinis,M.hyopneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus.Through phageome analysis,202 viral Operational Taxonomic Units(vOTUs)were identified,revealing 24 types of bacteriophages.Host analysis using the viral host database completed mat-ches for 15 potential bacteriophage hosts,including Stenotrophomonas maltophilia,Rhodoferax lacus,Pseudoalteromonas marina,Thalassotalea loyana,Vibrio alginolyticus,V.tasmaniensis,V.vulnificus,Pseudomonas sp.,Agrobacterium sp.ST15.13/040,Enterococcus gallinarum,Flavobacterium sp.,Thermotoga naphthophila,Chryseobacterium sp.RU33C,L.acidipiscis and Neisseria mucosa.Conclusion The study of the healthy human blood microbiome and phageome reveals the presence of microbes and phages in the blood,which may have profound impacts on human health.