Objective To compare influence of several biotic elicitors(yeast extract,(oligogalactu-)ronides,and fungal elicitor) and abiotic elicitors(Ag~+,Co~(2+),and ?-amino isobutyric acid) on tanshinone production in the hairy root culture of Salvia miltiorrhiza.Methods The contents of three tanshinones were(analyzed) by high performance liquid chromatography.Results Biotic elicitors increased effectively the yield of tanshinones and there were difference among different elicitors' effects.The highest content of tanshinones was achieved by fungal elicitor at 100 ?g/mL,which was(0.42 mg/g),4.7-fold of the control.The elicitation effects of abiotic elicitors were relatively lower than those of biotic elicitors,with Co~(2+) at 50 ?mol/L giving the highest content of tanshinone(1.75 mg/g,4.1-fold of the control) among abiotic elicitors.Biotic and abiotic elicitors showed the selectivity of elicitation.All biotic elicitors notably increased the crypotanshinone content and all abiotic elicitors selectively enhanced the tanshinone I content.And in most cases,the elicitors added did not cause any obviously inhibitory effect on the hairy root growth. Conclusion Adding different biotic and abiotic elicitors may selectively promote tanshinone accumulation and not affect the hairy root growth in the hairy root cultures of S.miltiorrhiza.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the influence of Shanghai Guiding Principles of Clinical Use of Antibiotics Implementing Rules(Trial)(named Implementing Rules for short) on prophylactic use of drugs in patients underwent general surgery operation.METHODS:In retrospective study,inpatients of general surgery department in our hospital from Sep.2006 to Feb.2008 were divided into 3 groups(Group 1:6 months before Implementing Rules issued;Group 2:0～6 months after Implementing Rules issued;Group 3:7～12 months after Implementing Rules issued).The utilization of antibiotics was analyzed as well as its rationality.RESULTS:A total of 1 308 cases were enrolled.The utilization frequency of antibiotics was 3 463.Less than half of cases met the indication of antibiotics while the rate of drug sensitivity test was 1.2%.The treatment courses of 3 groups were(3.4?4.3) d,(3.3?2.9) d and(3.1?3.0) d.The proportions of rational drug use were 36.5%,35.1% and 40.7%.But the selection of antibiotics,drug combination and ADR report were not significantly improved.CONCLUSION:The issue of Implementing Rules has promoted the rational use of antibiotics in general surgery department.Further training and monitoring are needed.

It showed that physical therapy is important to the old people with type 2 diabetes mellitus by reviewing literature. The mechanism maybe lose body weight, raise glucose utilization, and reduce complication. Physical therapy is useful to decline the level of blood glucose, relieve complication, and improve quality of life.

AIM: To observe the clinical effect of phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens ( IOL) implantation in the treatment of unilateral high myopia combined with age-related cataract.
METHODS: A retrospective clinical study was carried out in a single ophthalmology center. All patients diagnosed of unilateral high myopia with age- related cataract were performed phacoemulsification and posterior chamber IOL implantation. The axial length of operation eye was ≥27mm, and the axial length of unoperated fellow eye was≤25mm. Visual acuity and complications were followed up for 1, 7d, 1, 3mo postoperative.
RESULTS:Thirty-three patients with average age 68. 8±9. 26 (41-87) y were enrolled in this study, 7 cases were men, 26 cases were women. The mean axial length of operation eyes was 29. 44±1. 80(27. 1-32. 71) mm and the mean axial length of unoperated fellow eyes was 23. 39±0.92 ( 21. 72 - 24. 90 ) mm. The average axial length difference of binocular eyes was 6. 06±1. 97(2. 78-9. 92) mm. The best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) increased from 0. 02±0. 02(light perception~0. 12) preoperatively to 0. 20±0. 20 ( 0. 02 - 0. 8 ) at 3mo postoperatively. There was statistically significant difference (t= -5. 278, P<0. 05). Among the 10 patients whose axial length difference of binocular eyes was 2. 01 - 5. 00mm, 60% of their postoperative BCVA were >0. 3. Among the 13 patients with binocular axial length difference of 5. 01-7. 00mm, 46.2% of BCVA were >0. 3,46.2% achieved 0. 05-0. 25. Another 10 patients of binocular axial length difference between 7. 01-9. 99mm, 90% of BCVA were <0. 3, of which 40% were<0. 05. No complications occurred during operative and postoperative .
CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification and posterior chamber IOL implantation can effectively improve the postoperative visual acuity and it is safe for unilateral high myopic patients combined with age-related cataract. The recovery of visual acuity is related with binocular axial length difference.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Alleles ; Child ; Female ; HLA-DR Serological Subtypes ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; Prognosis ; Young Adult

Objective To summariza the clinical and histological features of linear cutaneous lupus erythematosus (LCLE).Methods Six cases of LCLE were analyzed retrospectively.Results LCLE was often clinically characterized by unilateral.zonal or linear,dark-erythematous patches with telangiectasia,and some lesions were covered with adherent Scales.Histologically,there were patchy perivascular and periadnexal lymphoid inflammatory infiltrate occurring in the superficial and deep dermis.Some cases were pathologically manifested by parakeratosis of superficial dermis,follicular plugging and hydropic degeneration of the basal layer of the epidermis,which was characteristic of discoid lupus erythematosus.The preferred treatment was chloroquine for LCLE.Low dose of corticosteroids were recommended for widespread lesions,especially for those pathologically manifested by lymphocyte infiltrates in the lower dermis and fat tissue.Conclusion The diagnosis of LCLE should be based on clinical and histopathological manifestations.

Objective To observe the evaluation value of serum high mobility group protein B1(HMGB-1) and APACHE Ⅱ score in severity degree and prognosis of the patients with acute pancreatitis(AP).Methods Sixty patients with AP were collected,including 20 cases in the mild AP group(MAP),20 cases in moderate AP group(MSAP) and 20 cases in the severe AP group (SAP).The HMGB-1 level in each group was dynamically monitored on 1,3,7 d after admission and its relationship with AP severity and APACHE Ⅱ score was analyzed.According to clinical outcomes,these cases were divided into the survival group(48 cases) and death group(12 cases),and the value of serum HMGB-1 level and APACHE-Ⅱ scores for evaluating the prognosis was analyzed.Results The HMGB-1 values on 1,3,7 d in the MAP group were(2.16±0.35),(4.34±0.96),(1.21±0.33)μg/L respectively,which in the MSAP group were(7.78 ±1.32),(10.45 ± 2.36),(6.92 ± 1.55) μg/L respectively,and which in the SAP group were(14.12±2.64),(27.53±8.19),(11.34± 2.57)μg/L respectively.The HMGB-1 levels in the SAP group were significantly higher than those in the MAP group and MSAP group,the differences were statistically significant (P＜ 0.01,P＜ 0.05);the HMGB-1 level had statistical difference between the MSAP group and MAP group(P＜0.05);the HMGB1l score on 3 d in the SAP group was increased with△3-1 HMGB1 increas(difference value of HMGB1 on 1,3 d),the both showed the positive correlation(r=0.725,P＜0.05).But the APACHE-Ⅱ score in the MSAP and MAP groups had no obvious change with the HMGB-1 level increase,the difference was not statistically significant(r=0.127,0.114,P＞0.05).Serum HMGB1 level and APACHE-lⅡ score in the death group were significantly higher than those in the survival group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The serum HMGB1 level has good correlation with APACHE-Ⅱ score in AP;their combination can serve the sensitive indicator for predicting disease condition severity and prognosis of AP.

Along with the spread of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection in the world and the emergence of drug-resistant viral strains, it is urgent to seek the novel potent therapies. Chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is one of the main coreceptors involved in the entry of HIV-1 into target cells. Nowadays, a number of CCR5 antagonists have been developed and some of them have progressed to clinical trials or been approved. Research progress has also been made in the CCR5-targeted gene therapy. This review summarizes the recent research progress on the CCR5-targeted drug and gene therapy.
CCR5 Receptor Antagonists ; HIV Infections ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; HIV-1 ; drug effects ; Humans ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; methods ; Receptors, CCR5 ; deficiency ; genetics ; metabolism

Background The reduced glutathione(GSH) is a water soluble antioxidant in retina and it is an important component of thiol.Diabetes induce the oxidative response of retina.It is very important to detect the content of thiol in retina for the evaluation of its antioxidant role.Objective This study was to investigate the effect of carnosine,aspirin and a combination of carnosine and aspirin eye drops on the change of the thiol contents in the retina of the diabetic rats. Methods Diabetic models were induced in 76 clean male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(65 mg/kg).The 0.02 mi sodium citrate buffer was injected in 12 control rats.1%camosine eye drops or 0.05%aspirin eye drops were topically administered respectively in carnosine group (19 rats)or aspirin group(19 rats)two times per day for a period of 8 weeks,and the combination of 1%carnosine eye drops and 0.05%aspirin eye drops was used in the combination group at the same way(19 rats).At the end of 8 weeks.The animMs were sacrificed and the eyeballs were enucleated for the detect of thiols in the retina by colorimetry.Results The body weight of SD rats was significantly reduced and the blood glucose level was evidently arose in model group,camosine group and aspirin group in comparison with control group(P＜0.05),but those of combination group compared with control group was insignificantly changed(P＞0.05).The level of thiol in retina was(1 90.35+46.62)ms/gprot in model group,showing a considerable decrease in comparison with control (202.77+53.49 ms/gprot)(P＜0.05).However,the thiol level rose to(378.40±165.06)mg/gprot in camosine group and(351.88±211.62)mg/gprot in aspirin group,showing a statistically significant difference in comparison with control group(P＜0.05).The content of thiol in combination group compared with control group Was insignificant changed(166.972±50.287 mg/gprot us 202.77±53.49 mg/gprot).Curiously the levels in the combination group were not different from the normal control group. Conclusion The carnosine and aspirin eye drops may protect the retina against the oxidative damage caused by diabetes.