50 years (ORs=1.39,95% CI:1.22～1.57) and oral contraceptive use (Adjusted ORs=2.12,95% CI:1.24～3.62) were associated with increase in breast cancer risk while the summary OR based on number of full-term pregnancy ≥1 (Adjusted ORs=0.63,95% CI:0.60～0.68) and breastfed (ORs=0.76,95% CI:0.64～0.90) indicated no association with breast cancer risk. Conclusions Decreasing benign breast disease, advocating breastfed and examining high risk population will be the effective measures to control breast cancer in women.

Objective To determine the dose of ropivacaine leading to convulsion and the convulsant action of midazolam. Methods Twenty healthy adult rabbits weighing 2.5-3.5kg were randomly divided into two groups with ten animals in each group: ropivacaine group(R) and midazolam-ropivacaine group(MR). Middle artery of ear was cannulated for MAP, HR monitoring and blood sampling for blood gas analysis and determination of plasma lactate and ropivacaine concentrations. Edge vein of ear was cannulated for administration of drugs. In both groups animals received intravenous infusion of 0.75% ropivacaine at a rate of 0.5m1/min until convulsion occurred. In MR group midazolam 0.8 mg/kg was given intravenously before ropivacaine.Results The dose of ropivacaine leading to convulsion was 4.86mg/kg for R group and 12.26mg/kg for MR group. Plasma ropivacaine concentration was 11 .52pg/ml in group Rand 16.77pg/ml in MR group. Convulsion lasted for 7.25 mm(R group) and 8.59mm(MR group) . Plasma lactate concentration increased significantly during convulsion in R group but remained unchanged in MR group. Blood pH decreased significantly during convulsion in R group but there was little change in PaCO2 and PaO2. Blood pH, PaO2 and PaCO2 did not change significantly during convulsion in MR group. There was no significant change in MAP and HR during convulsion in R group. In MR group MAP and HR decreased by 31 % and 35% respectively during convulsion and returned to baseline value gradually after ropivacaine infusion was stopped. All animals survived the experiment in both groups. Conclusions Ropivacaine is less cardiovascular toxic. Pretreatment with 0 . 8mg/kg midazolam greatly increases the dose of ropivacaine leading to convulsion. Midazolam can effectively prevent and treat CNS toxicity of ropivacaine.

Objective To investigate the alternation of insulin -like growth factor -Ⅱ( IGF-Ⅱ) gene promoter P4 methylation status in hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC) and explore its relationship with expression of P4 mRNA levels.Methods Liver specimens of 43 patients with HCC and normal liver specimens of 9 control patients were collected in operation .Tissue DNA and total RNA were extracted from these specimens .IGF-Ⅱ P4 methylation status and P4 mRNA expression levels were detected .Results (1)The incidence of IGF -ⅡP4 methyl-ation in HCC group was significantly lower than that in normal liver specimens (16.28%vs 88.89%,χ2 =19.12,P<0.01).(2)The expression level of IGF -ⅡP4 mRNA in HCC group was significantly higher than that that in normal liver specimens[(0.96 ±0.74) vs (0.25 ±0.19),t=5.48,P<0.01].(3)In HCC group,the IGF-Ⅱ P4 mRNA expression level with hypomethylation gene was significantly higher than that without hypomethylation gene [(1.18 ± 0.76) vs (0.32 ±0.27),t=5.28,P<0.01].Conclusion The hypomethylation alternation of IGF -Ⅱ P4 gene promoter which is accomplished by up -regulate P4 mRNA expression has a close relationship with HCC .

Objective To observe the clinical curative effect of phentolamine in the treatment of severe hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) . Methods We observed the clinical symptoms and related index changes before and after treatment of 62 cases of severe HFMD patients who were treated by the basis of conventional therapy with additional phentolamine. The blood pressure of patients was closely monitored,and the dosage of phentolamine was adjusted. Result The blood pressure and heart rate of sick children who used phentolamine improved significantly, the difference was statistically significant ( <0.05) . Conclusion Phentolamine has significant clinical curative effect in treatment of server HFMD.

Objective:To optimize the extraction technology of compound Xiongdan capsules. Methods: The effects of water a-mount, decoction duration and decoction times on the water extraction technology were investigated by orthogonal design using the ex-tract derivation rate and the content of ginsenoside Rg1 , Re and Rb1 as the indices. Results:The optimal water extraction conditions for ginseng and Nidus vespa were as follows:decocting three times with 8-fold of water, and extracting for one hour each time. The extract was condensed until the relative density was 1.20(80-90℃), and then dried and crushed into fine powder. The other herbs were crushed into fine powder and screened by No. 5 meshes. The above powder was blended and well mixed with starch, and then packed into capsules. Conclusion:The optimized water extraction technology is stable, feasible and reproducible, which provide reference for industrial production.

Objective To investigate the effect of thrombin and hemoglobin on aquaporin (AQP) and the correlation between AQP and hydrocephalus.Methods Eighty-four clean grade healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:a control group,a thrombin group,and a hemoglobin group using the random number table method.A hydrocephalus model was induced by injecting isotonic saline (0.3 ml),thrombin (0.3 ml[10,U/ml]) and hemoglobin (0.3 ml[150 mg/ml]),respectively into the cisterna magna.According to the deficiency and complement way,each group maintained 24 rats.The relative area of the lateral ventricles,the expression of AQP1 and AQP4,and the correlation between AQP and the area of the lateral ventricles were observed at 1,3,7,and 14 d after molding.Results (1) Compared with the control group,both the thrombin group and hemoglobin group showed hydrocephalus at 1 ,3 ,7 and 14 d,and they were most obvious at 1 day (6.94±0.19% and 6.58±0.15% vs.3.40±0.13%,6.06±0.12% and 5.79±0.09% vs.3.55±0.15%,5.80±0.13% and 5.58±0.08% vs.3.78±0.18%,5.66±0.14% and 5.47±0.13% vs.3.52±0.18 %,respectively).There were significant differences (all P<0.01).(2) The increase of AQP1 was mainly in the basal membrane and apical membrane of ventricular choroid plexus epithelial cells,and the increase of AQP4 was mainly in the ependymal cell of ventricle.The relative expression levels of AQP1 and AQP4 at 1,3,7,and 14 d in the control group were 1.09±0.07 and 1.30±0.15,0.91±0.06 and 1.18±0.12,1.33±0.17 and 1.16±0.08,1.22±0.11 and 1.00±0.10,respectively;the thrombin group were 4.40±0.14 and 3.69±0.11,3.88±0.11 and 3.17±0.07,3.55±0.07 and 2.86±0.13,and 3.36±0.07 and 2.70±0.07,respectively,the hemoglobin group were 4.24±0.07 and 3.55±0.10,3.77±0.08 and 3.04±0.09,3.46±0.07 and 2.76±0.08,and 3.31±0.10 and 2.62±0.08,respectively;the relative expression levels of AQP1 and AQP4 of the thrombin group and hemoglobin group at each time point were significantly higher than those of the control group.There were significant differences among the groups (all P<0.01).There were no significant differences in the relative expression levels of AQP1 and AQP4 mRNAs in the hemoglobin group at each time point (P>0.05);in the thrombin group and hemoglobin group,compared with those at 1 d,the expression levels of AQP1 and AQP4 at 3,7,and 14 d were significantly decreased (all P<0.01);compared with those at 3 d,AQP1 was decreased significantly at 7 and 14 d (P<0.05).The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).(3) The relative expression levels of AQP1 (r=0.983,P<0.01) and AQP4 (r=0.987,P<0.01) in the thrombin group at each time point were positively correlated with the contralateral ventricular area;and the relative expression levels of AQP1 (r=0.964,P<0.01) and AQP4 (r=0.962,P<0.01) in the hemoglobin group at each time point were positively correlated with the contralateral ventricular area Conclusions After injecting thrombin and hemoglobin into subarachnoid space,it could cause the increased expression levels of AQP1 and AQP4 of ventricles and their surrounding areas.Thrombin and hemoglobin may be the important mediating factors of hydrocephalus after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

20 first mandibular premolars were randomly divided into 2 groups(n =10).The teeth in experimental group were treated by fi-ber main post in combination with auxiliary pile,in control group by single fiber main post,and then were restored by metal crown.They were fixed in universal testing machine.The fracture load(N)of experimental and control group was (846.50 ±40.33)and (437.90 ±41.15) respectively(P <0.01).

Objective To explore the significance of sample cultivation and drug resistance of the patients in PICU with severe lower respiratory tract specimens.Methods 1 107 pathogenic bacteria of lower respiratory tract samples collected were analyzed and the drug resistance was kept watch on.Results A total of 1107 samples were cultured into 948 strains of pathogens,with the positive rate of 85.64%,and 616 strains of Gram negative bacteria accounting for 64.98%,of which 145 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa(15.30%),Klebsiella pneumoniae 135(14.24%),Acinetobacter spp 131(13.82%),large intestine Egypt Greek bacteria 89(9.4%);Gram positive cocci 129(13.61%),the main pathogen was staphylococcus aureus and Fungi 203(21.41%),the main pathogen was candida albicans.Carbapenems was the most active antibiotics for gram negative bacill,and vancomycin for gram positive cocci.Conclusion Infectious bacteria have high selectivity to the sensitive antibiotics,and doctors should carefully use antibiotic according to the susceptibility test results in order to reduce hospital infection and the emergence and spread of resistant strains.

Objective To identify mutations of CACNA1A gene in a family with hemiplegic migraine.Methods Total genomic DNA was extracted from a family with 3 affected members and 1 000 healthy controls.The proband and his patient sister were subjected to exome sequencing.Ten family members including 3 patients were subjected to linkage analysis.The coding exons of the CACNA1A gene were amplified and sequenced in affected and normal individuals. Bioinformatics analysis were performed.Results A novel CACNA1A mutation was identified in the 3 patients.The nonsense mutation of A to G was detected at nucleotide 1168 ( c.1168A >G) which converted the Asn codon ( AAT) to Asp (GAT) in exon 8.Conclusion The mutation(N390D) detected in the present study is considered to result in the Chinese Hemiplegic migraine family.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with radical resection of cervical cancer in the treatment of stage IB2-ⅡB cervical cancer.Methods According to the treatment plan from October 2012 to October 2016 in the People′s Hospital of Luohu District of Shenzhen in 80 cases of stage IB2-II B cervical cancer patients were divided into observation group(n=43) and control group(n=37),the observation group was treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with radical surgery for cervical cancer,patients in the control group directly treated for radical resection of cervical cancer.Chemotherapy effect,operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative pathological risk factor differences of two groups of patients were compared.Results (1)Evaluated the curative effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy,squamous cell carcinoma group complete remission(CR) 4 cases,partial remission(PR) 22 cases,stable disease(SD),6 cases of disease progression(PD) in 0 cases,in adenocarcinoma group CR 1 cases,PR 3 cases,SD 5 cases,PD 2 cases of squamous cell carcinoma group adjuvant chemotherapy was significantly better than that of adenocarcinoma group,the difference was statistically significant(z=2.4968,P=0.0063).(2)The operation time((215±57) min) and intraoperative blood loss((682±145) ml) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(((259±62) min,(758±193) ml)),the difference was statistically significant(t=3.8780,2.2528,P=0.0002,0.0263).(3)The two groups of patients with ureteral fistula(P=0.5039),vesicovaginal fistula(P=0.3639),wound healing(P=0.5182),lower extremity deep venous thrombosis(P=0.4818) complications had no significant difference.(4)The positive rate of the observation group of lymph nodes(χ2=8.2005,P=0.0000),parametrial infiltration rate(χ2=8.1553,P=0.0000) was significantly lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant.Two groups of patients with deep myometrial invasion rate(χ2=0.0991,P=0.7516),the incidence of cancer embolus(χ2=0.0130,P=0.9176) compared to no statistical significance.Conclusion The effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on cervical squamous cell carcinoma is better than that of adenocarcinoma.Compared with the direct for radical resection of cervical cancer,neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with radical resection of cervical cancer patients for the treatment of stage IB2-ⅡB cervical cancer,operation time and blood loss are lower,node positive and parametrial invasion and postoperative pathologic risk factors in lymph node also can get better effect.