Objective To compare the changes of blood coagulation system and the clinical interventional effect of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in elderly patients who had received thoracic surgery. Methods Ninety-six thoracic surgery patients (age≥70 years) were divided into control group ( 54 cases ) and experimental group ( 42 cases ) ( postoperative 1-7 days, subcutaneous injection with LMWH ) from September 2007 to December 2009 by random digits table. Observed perioperative changes in prothrombin time (PT),activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT),platelet (Plt),D-dimer (D-D),fibrinogen (Fib), anti- X a activity, and clinical performances. Also observed the influence of diabetes mellitus of surgery coagulation function. Results The preoperative indexes of coagulation function were no significant (P ＞ 0.05 ). In control group PT prolonged, Fib and D-D increased, the differences between preoperative and postoperative each time were significant (P ＜ 0.05 ). Fib and D-D in control group increased than those in experimental group postoperative each time (P ＜ 0.05 ). In experimental group anti- X a activity increased postoperative each time (P ＜ 0.05 ),compared with control group was also significant (P ＜ 0.05 ). Diabetes mellitus had no significant influence on coagulation function. One patient appeared pulmonary thromboembolism in control group,and no one appeared venous thromboembelism and bleeding adverse reactions in experimental group. Conclusion Thoracic surgery in elderly patients have high blood coagulation state, prone to venous thromboembolism, LMWH given early postoperative prophylactic treatment is beneficial to improve the hypercoagulable state and have better security.

Objective To discuss the technical points and clinical effects of thoracic reconstruction after resection of the sternal tumnors with autogenous rib graft and pedicle oinental flap. Method A retrospective study was made on 12 patients,who underwent resection of sternal tumors and thoracic reconstruction with autogenous rib graft and pedicle omental flap between January 2004 and March 2010. The tumor involved the manubrium in 4 patients and the sternal body in 8 patients. Results All operations of 12 patients were succeed with no perioperative mortality or severe complications. Incisions healed by primary intention healing,and no paradoxical breathing was found. The postoperative period was uneventful.Conclusion It's an effective way to treat sternal tumors by the resection and thoracic reconstruction with autogenous rib graft and pedicle omental flap.

Objective To discuss the feasibility,safety,technical points and clinical effects of completely thoracoscopic resection of benign neurogenic tumors on apical chest.Methods From January 2004 to June 2009,11 patients underwent surgical resection of benign neurogenic tumours on apical chest.A complete thoracoscopy was used in 5 cases,and the remaining 6 cases received traditional open thoracotomy.By analysis on the clinical symptoms,tumor types,complications,operative time,blood loss and drainage time after operation,the advantages and disadvantages of complete thoracoscopy were compared to traditional open thoracotomy for resection of benign neurogenic tumors on apical chest.Results There was one patient in each group that suffered from light transient Horner's syndrome,who recovered spontaneously.The group of complete thoracoscopy was superior to the group of traditional open thoracotomy in operative time,blood loss during the operation,drainage time and postoperative hospital stay.Conclusion For benign neurogenic tumors on apical chest,a resection with complete thoracoscopy is as safe and effective as the traditional open thoracotomy,and the former is characterized by less operative trauma and quicker recovery.

Objective The difficulty of full thoracoscopic Ivor-Lewis is the lack of a safe and low cost anastomosis.By improving the surgical process,to explore the application of circular stapler in the intrathoracic esophagogastric anastomosis.The thoracoscopic operation mode of esophageal cancer changes from simply following the McKoewn procedure to Ivor-Lewis and McKoewn procedure.Methods Retrospective analysis 123 cases of implementation thoracoscopic esophageal cancer from July 2009 to February 2013,which including the cases of intrathoracic anastomosis and cervical anastomosis.Divided it into two groups:intrathoracic anastomosis groups,which including thoracoscopic esophagectomy resection,gastroesophageal anastomosis and anastomotic pedicled omentum embedding,the cervical anastomosis groups,which including thoracoscopic esophageal free and gastroesophageal neck anastomosis.To comparing the incidence of ARDS,postoperative hoarseness,anastomotic complications (Anastomotic leakage and anastomotic strictures within two months after surgery),guardianship time of ICU and postoperative hospital stay between the two groups.Results All the patients were no deaths.The cervical anastomosis group operative time was significantly lower than the intrathoracic anastomosis group.The incidence of anastomotic fistula and anastomotic stricture of intrathoracic anastomosis group was significantly lower than that of the cervical anastomosis group,total hospitalization time of the intrathoracic anastomosis group were significantly lower than that of the cervical anastomosis group,there is no significant differences in postoperative hoarseness and ARDS incidence between the two groups.Conclusion For the lower esophageal carcinoma,it is technically mature and safe to apply the circular stapler for Ivor-Lewis surgery and sleeve omentumembedding anastomotic technique in full thoracoscopic,and the technology should be widely applied; for the upper esophagealcarcinoma,McKoewn procedure should be applied.

Bronchoplasty was extended to the segmental level and the effect of the multi-segmental surgery for the central non-small lung cancer was observed. The involved lobular bronchi and part of main bronchi were resected and single-layer continuous suture with 5-0 Prolene was used for suturing of the carina of the reconstructed segmental bronchi to form lobular bronchi. Then, single-layer continuous suture with 4-0 Prolene was employed to anastomose the "lobular bronchi" with main bronchi. Our results showed that the 15 bronchoplasties were successfully performed. The tumors were completely removed and postoperatively, the pulmonary functions of the patients were substantially improved. No broncho-pleural fistula and stomal stenosis took place in all the cases. The quality of life of the patients were obviously improved. It is concluded that multisegmental bronchoplasty can completely remove the tumor of central non-small-cell lung cancer and conserve more non-involved lung. The procedure is especially suitable for those patients with severely impaired lung functions and it expands the indications of surgical resection of lung cancer.
Anastomosis, Surgical ; Bronchi/*surgery ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/*surgery ; Lung Neoplasms/*surgery ; Pneumonectomy/*methods ; Pulmonary Surgical Procedures/*methods ; Recovery of Function ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the effect of astilbin on expressions of perforin and granzyme B in activated T cells of mouse heart transplantation model with acute rejection.Methods Cardiomyocytes of BALB/C mouse and spleen cells of C57BL/6 mouse were harvested and made into single cell suspensions.The cardiomyocytes(2?10~5 ml~(-1))as stimulators and spleen cells(1?10~6 ml~(-1)) as responsers were mixed and cultured.The model of mouse heart transplantation with acute rejection in vitro was therefore established.There were two groups in the experiment.Control group is the mixed culture of the cardiomyocytes and spleen cells;Astilbin group is the mixed culture of the cardiomyocytes and spleen cells with astilbin(15?g/ml).Apoptosis of T cells were analyzed by TUNEL assay.The expressions of perforin and granzyme B were measured by RT-PCR.Results Apoptosis of activated T cells in Astilbin group was significantly increased than that of the control group(P

Bronchoplasty was extended to the segmental level and the effect of the multi-segmental surgery for the central non-small lung cancer was observed. The involved lobular bronchi and part of main bronchi were resected and single-layer continuous suture with 5-0 Prolene was used for suturing of the carina of the reconstructed segmental bronchi to form lobular bronchi. Then, single-layer continuous suture with 4-0 Prolene was employed to anastomose the "lobular bronchi" with main bronchi.Our results showed that the 15 bronchoplasties were successfully performed. The tumors were completely removed and postoperatively, the pulmonary functions of the patients were substantially improved. No broncho-pleural fistula and stomal stenosis took place in all the cases. The quality of life of the patients were obviously improved. It is concluded that multisegmental bronchoplasty can completely remove the tumor of central non-small-cell lung cancer and conserve more non-involved lung.The procedure is especially suitable for those patients with severely impaired lung functions and it expands the indications of surgical resection of lung cancer.

BACKGROUNDInflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is an uncommon disease which usually occurs in the lung. Recently, several reports have suggested that IMT is a true neoplasm rather than a reactive lesion. In this retrospective study, we reviewed clinicopathological characteristics and prognoses of patients with surgically resected IMT of the lung at our department.

METHODSFrom January 1999 to December 2003, 14 patients had surgical intervention for IMT of the lung at Tongji Hospital. The resected lesions were studied histologically and immunohistochemically. One to 5 years' follow-up was completed in all patients.

RESULTSThese 14 patients included eight men and six women. They ranged in age from 11 to 46 years old. Nine patients were asymptomatic. The other five symptomatic patients had cough, hemoptysis, and dyspnea. For all these patients, the diagnostic procedure was surgical excision. The resected tumor size ranged from 1.0 to 8.0 cm in diameter. Histologically, a variety of inflammatory and spindle cells were observed. The spindle cells corresponded ultrastructurally to myofibroblasts or fibroblasts. There was no recurrence in these patients, and all of them were in good health during the follow-up.

CONCLUSIONSHistopathologically, IMT is characterized by myofibroblasts which are mixed with chronic inflammatory cells, including plasma cells, lymphocytes, and histiocytes. Surgical resection, when possible, should be chosen as the first choice and complete resection leads to excellent survival.