Objective To evaluate the risk factors for cerebral infarction (CI) resulting from transient ischemic attack (TIA).Methods The clinical data of 133 patients with TIA were evaluated.The condition of CI happening was recorded.Seizure frequency,seizure duration,onset to treatment time,the number of seizure before treatment time,blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol,triglyceride and other factors were collected.The clinical data of TIA with CI and without CI were evaluated.Results Among the 133 patients,there were 48 patients suffering from CI (36.09％).Among 108 patients with TIA in the anterior circulation system,there were 39 patients (36.11％) suffering from CI.Among 20 patients with TIA in the posterior circulation system,there were 7 patients (35.00％) suffering from CI.There was no significant difference in the rate of CI between TIA in the anterior circulation system and TIA in the posterior circulation system (P ＞ 0.05).Among 5 patients with TIA in both the anterior and posterior circulation systems,there were 2 patients suffering from CI.In patients of TIA with seizure frequency ＞ 3 times/d,seizure duration ＞ 30 min,onset to treatment time ＞ 24 h or the number of seizure before treatment ＞5 times,the incidence of CI was significantly higher,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜0.01).The onset to treatment time,systolic pressure,diastolic pressure,fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in TIA with CI were significantly higher than those in TIA without CI (P＜0.05).Conclusion There is highly danger for patients to develop CI if patients with TIA has longer seizure duration,much more seizure frequency,longer onset to treatment time,especially those accompany with high blood pressure,hyperglycaemia and hyperlipoidemia.