Objective: To examine the relations among objective peer support, perceived peer support, perceived parent support, importance ratings of peer / parent support, and self- worth in adolescents. At the same time, peer acceptance of adolescents was examined. Methods: Sociometric techniques and self- report instrument were applied collectively to a sample of 285 adolescents. Results: ①Sociometric techniques show that adolescents can be divided into popular adoles- cents, rejected adolescents, controversial adolescents, and neglected adolescents; ②There are significant positive correla- tions between objective peer support and perceived peer support, between perceived peer / parent support and self- worth, but there is no significant correlation between objective peer support and self- worth; ③Importance ratings of peer / parent support can serve as a moderator between perceived peer / parent support and self- worth for the middle school students aged 15. Conclusion: Perceived peer / parent support can predict self- worth of adolescents; Importance ratings of peer / parent support can moderate perceived peer / parent support and self- worth for the middle school students aged 15.

Objective To work out a proper treatment regimen for hypertension in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Sixty-five elderly patients 〔aged (68.3?4.4) yrs old〕 with hypertension and type 2 diabetes were randomized into three arms of antihypertensive treatment: arm A, n=20, treated with nifedipine in long-acting gastrointestinal-transport system (nifedipine-GITS) 60 mg/d; arm B, n=22, treated with nifedipine-GITS 30 mg/d and valsartan (angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blocker, ARB) 80mg/d; and arm C, n=23, treated with nifedipine-GITS 30mg/d, Valsartan 80mg/d and sustained-releasing indapamide (diuretics)1.5 mg/d. Results Eight weeks later, both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were decreased significantly in all of the patients ( P

Objective To find convenient methods for remote consultation of images of ocular fundus diseases. Methods A remote consultation system composed of internet was set up.The consultation information,including images,words and figures,was published on internet as web pages,so that the consultants would get the notice and the appointment by e mail.After reading the information on line,the consultants gave their opinions back to internet. Results The remote consultation system of images of ocular fundus diseases was setted up and managed successfully,and 23 patients had been diagnosed by this system. Conclusion The system which has clinical practicality is a simple,quick,effective and economic method for remote consultation of images of ocular fundus diseases. [

Objective To explore the correlation between polymorphism of interleukin-28B(IL-28B) rs12979860 T/ C and susceptibility of hepatocellular carcinoma( HCC). Methods All eligible case-control studies published up to 2014-09-30 were identified by searching PubMed,EMBase,CNKI,CBM,VIP and WanFang databases. Two reviews independently identified the literature according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Meta-analysis was performed using Rev Man 5. 2 and Stata 12. 0 software. Results A total of 6 stud-ies comprising 1 138 cases and 955 controls were finally included. Meta-analysis showed that IL-28B rs12979860 T/ C polymorphism was associated with the susceptibility of HCC. Compared with the genotype CC and CT + CC,genotype TT increased the risk of suffering from HCC(TT vs CC:OR = 2. 26,95% CI:1. 40-3. 64,Z = 3. 33,P = 0. 000 9;TT vs CT + CC:OR = 1. 90,95% CI:1. 23-2. 93,Z = 2. 89,P = 0. 004). In stratification analysis by ethnicity,we observed that the polymorphism of IL-28B rs12979860 T/ C was associat-ed with the susceptibility of HCC among Caucasian populations(TT vs CC:OR = 2. 06,95% CI:1. 22-3. 47, Z = 2. 70,P = 0. 007;TT vs CT + CC:OR = 1. 71,95% CI:1. 07-2. 72,Z = 2. 23,P = 0. 03). Conclusion The polymorphism of IL-28B rs12979860 T/ C is associated with the susceptibility of HCC,genotype TT may increase the susceptibility to HCC.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of nurse-led discharge planning for hospital inpatients with chronic disease.Methods The Cochrane Library,PubMed,Medline,EMBASE,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database Database(CBM),China National Kmowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),VIP Chinese full text database (VIP) and Wanfang Data were searched for randomized controlled trials assessing nurse-directed discharge planning for hospital inpatients with chronic disease.Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias.Meta-analysis was conducted for the eligible studies by RevMan 5.3.4.Results Seventeen randomized controlled trials and 5 331 participants were included.Meta-analysis demonstrated that,compared to standard care,nurse-led discharge planning were effective in reducing hospital readmission [risk radio (RR)=0.73,95％ confidence interval (CI) 0.64-0.84,P＜0.01],duration of inpatient readmissions [mean difference (MD)=-2.48,95％CI-3.68--1.29,P＜0.01],and all-cause mortality (RR=0.78,95％CI 0.62-0.97,P＜ 0.05).However,no reduction in the length of stay of the index admission (MD=-0.18,95％CI-0.64-0.27,P ＞ 0.05) was demonstrated.Conclusions Nurse-led discharge planning has a positive impact on several aspects of care for hospital inpatients with chronic disease,including reducing readmission,readmission length of stay,and all-cause mortality.It is worth being popularized.

One hundred and sixteen senile patients (older than 65 years) with chronic heart failure (CHF) were analyzed retrospectively in order to verify if old patients with CHF would benefit from long-term (one year) angiotension-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) treatment. The frequency of drugs (including ACEI, digitalis and diuretic) used was stratified into four degrees accordingly. Development of the CHF was scored with regard to relapse rate and severity of this disease. Stepwise regression analysis was applied to explore the relationship between the scored outcome of CHF and the frequency of individual drug administration. A significant relationship of the scored outcome of CHF to the frequency of ACEI usage but not to digitalis nor to diuretics was found (partial coefficient of the correlation r = 0.42, P = 0.002). It was concluded that the long-term administration of ACEI improves the outcome of CHF in senile patients.
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/*administration & dosage ; Chronic Disease ; Heart Failure, Congestive/*drug therapy ; Heart Failure, Congestive/etiology ; Hypertension/complications ; Myocardial Ischemia/complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND:At present,autogenous periosteum and artificial dura mater are usually applied as the substitute grafts for the dural defect by neurological surgery.However they do not accord with the developing trend of modern medicine,due to the limitations of material size and shape,operational complex and additional wound.OBJECTIVE:To observe and compare the evolution of a new type bio-artificial dura and autogenous periosteum in replacing orthotopic duraDESIGN:Controlled observation and trial.SETTING:Animal Testing Center in the 157 Hospital of Guangzhou City.MATERIALS:Nine New Zealand rabbits.aged 6 months and weighed 2-3 kg,either gender was selected.Twelve hybrid healthy dogs of both genders,aged 2 years and weighed 15-20 kg.New type dura mater(No.2006.3460627).METHODS:The experiment was carried out at the Animal Testing Center in the 157 Hospital of Guangzhou City from October 2003 to October 2005.After the general anesthesia and bilateral craniotomy,the bilateral dural defect and pia mater injury were induced partly,then dural neoplasty was performed using new type artificial dura and autogenous periosteum.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:At months 1,6,12 of modeling,each three rabbits were selected to isolate and expose the implanted materials,while each four dogs were selected at months 6,12,24 of modeling,died of disease or prior to death.General observation and microscopic assessment of samples were compared to analyze the development of implanted materials at difference stages.RESULTS:Except one experimental dog died during the anesthesia,9 rabbits and 11 dogs were involved in the final presented the extemal surface of adherence and separation with pedcranium,grew well with surrounding orthotopic dura.For the internal surface of materials,the new type artificial dura was more likely the orthotopic dura and did no adhere to pericranium, and filament-shaped adherence appeared occasionally, while there were filament-shaped even month 12 of grafting new type artificial dura into the experimental rabbits.inflammatory cellular reactions such as neutrophil and lymphocyte were not found,additionally no capsule wall formation occurred.The internal surface of artificial dura was covered with epithelial cells,which appeared fibroplasia,fibroblast proliferation,degradation of implants and obvious reduction of total cell amount.Moreover the blood capillary was also found.CONCLUSION:New type artificial dura can achieve the dural reconstruction through producing epithelial cells and being nibbled.degraded and substituted by autogenous tissue.And no adherence to cerebral tissues is found.New type artificial dura is superior to autogenous periosteum for repairing the dural defects.

Objective To explore immunotherapy effective combined with active immunotherapy in different time according rats bearing-tumor after paclitaxel and carboplatin chemotherapy, and to identify the optimization time and strategy of vaccine and seek rational chemo-immunotherapy strategies in ovarian cancer treatment. Methods The dynamic immunocytes number and function in established tumor treated with paclitaxel and carboplatin chemotherapy were investigated. The changes of established tumor volume and immune function of different groups were observed according to combining different time after chemotherapy and vaccine. Results Lymphopenia was observed and the number of lymphocyte subset decreased remarkably on the 6th day, but all cells were found almost recovered on 15th day after chemotherapy. There is the process of immune-enhancing from post-chemotherapy 6 day to 10 day and reversal of immune suppression temporary. The combination post-chemotherapy 6 day with CTL caused a significantly delayed tumor growth in both tumor models and induced significant the proliferation of T lymphocyte by [H] 3 releasing. The number of CD8+T cell is the highest, but the expression of Tr cell was lowest in the group of post-chemotherapy 6 day with CTL. Furthermore, the ability of CD8+T secretion IFN-γ is the most in the post-chemotherapy 6 day with immunotherapy groups. Conclusion Combinational paclitaxel and carboplatin chemotherapy has synergistic effects with active immunotherapy boosting against tumor during window periods, where 6 days after chemotherapy with the most decreased number of lymphocytes in the animal periphery might represent the optimal checkpoint for the immune therapy against tumors. Therefore, monitoring the immune status of tumor patients might become one of the important prerequisites for the effective immune therapy when designing the comprehensive therapeutic strategies.

Objective: To explore the effects of different concentrations of glucose solution on the survival of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens pallens larvae, the attraction to mosquitoes and egg-laying behaviors, so as to provide the reference for developing mosquito control technology based on sugar bait. Methods: White porcelain bowls were filled with 100 mL of 3%, 5%, 8%, 10% and 15% glucose solutions. Ten of fourth instar larvae of Aedes albopictus or Culex pipiens pallens were added to each bowl, and the survival of larvae was recorded after 2, 4, 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Egg-laying cups containing 5%, 8% and 15% glucose solution were put in mosquito cages containing fully blooded female mosquitoes of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens pallens (50 mosquitoes each), and the total number of eggs laid in 72 hours was observed. The analogous site room was filled with fully blooded and starved female mosquitoes of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens pallens (100 mosquitoes each), and simple mosquito control buckets containing 5% and 8% glucose solution and black sticky insect plates. The number of mosquitoes and eggs was observed after 6 days. All the above experiments were repeated 3 times using dechlorinated water as the control. Results: The 72 hour corrected mortality rates of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens pallens larvae gradually increased with the increase of glucose concentration. The glucose solution with 5% and higher concentrations was not suitable for mosquito larvae to survive. The attraction of egg-laying behaviors to Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens pallens gradually decreased with the increase of glucose concentration. The effects were similar between 5% and 8% glucose solution, with the averages of 686.67 and 682.33 eggs for Aedes albopictus, and 3.00 and 2.33 egg rafts for Culex pipiens pallens. In analogous site room, there were 93.33, 105.00 and 130.33 adult mosquitoes captured on average in the control group, 5% and 8% glucose solution groups, respectively, with 8% glucose solution group more attractive to adult mosquitoes than the control group (F=3.283, P=0.030); there were 70.33, 55.33 and 63.00 Aedes albopictus eggs (eggs counts+larvae counts) on average, respectively, with statistically significant differences among the three groups (H=6.761, P=0.034). Conclusion Glucose solution with concentration of 5% or higher can effectively inhibit the survival of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens pallens larvae, and attractive to adult mosquitoes and egg-laying behavoirs.

Acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common clinical syndrome of diffuse lung inflammation with high mortality rates and limited therapeutic methods. Diosmetin, an active component from Chinese herbs, has long been noticed because of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of diosmetin on LPS-induced ALI model and unveil the possible mechanisms. Our results revealed that pretreatment with diosmetin effectively alleviated lung histopathological changes, which were further evaluated by lung injury scores. Diosmetin also decreased lung wet/dry ratios, as well as total protein levels, inflammatory cell infiltration and proinflammatory cytokine (eg. TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) overproduction in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Additionally, increased MPO, MDA and ROS levels induced by LPS were also markly suppressed by diosmetin. Furthermore, diosmetin significantly increased the expression of Nrf2 along with its target gene HO-1 and blocked the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in the lung tissues, which might be central to the protective effects of diosmetin. Further supporting these results, in vitro experiments also showed that diosmetin activated Nrf2 and HO-1, as well as inhibited the NLRP3 inflammasome in both RAW264.7 and A549 cells. The present study highlights the protective effects of diosmetin on LPS-induced ALI via activation of Nrf2 and inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome, bringing up the hope of its application as a therapeutic drug towards LPS-induced ALI.
Acute Lung Injury* ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Hope ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Inflammasomes* ; Lung ; Lung Injury ; Mortality ; Pneumonia