Objective To determine the frequency of GJB2 mutations in the China hearing loss population, and to screen the GJB2 gene in both hearing loss and normal populations. Methods 141 patients with hearing loss and 150 normal persons (control) underwent mutation screening of single coding exon of GJB2 with bidirectional sequencing to identify sequences alterations. Results Three polymorphisms were found: 79G→A, 109G→A, and 341A→G; and four pathologic mutations were identified: 235delC, 455A→G, 176-191del16 and 504insGCAA. Conclusion The 235delC mutation was found to be the significant cause of hearing loss in Chinese population.

Objective To analyze the mutations of candidate WFS1 gene in the Chinese pedigree with Low frequency sensorineural hearing loss. Methods PCR were performed with fourteen pairs of primers in the coding sequence of WFS1 gene. The PCR products were subsequently sequenced in the 38 individuals of LFSNHL family for screening the gene mutations. Results The PCR amplification fragments showed well quality in the five pairs of primer, and further analysis with frequencing showed no polymorphism and mutations in the members. Conclusion The present study rule out the possibility that the deafness gene WFS1, which locates on the 4p16, lead up to the hearing loss of LFSNHL pedigree.

Based on the analysis of the current situation of memorial hall construction for the donator of cada-ver, this paper discussed the significance of memorial hall construction:respecting the donor′s personal dignity, in-carnating humanistic care to the donators′relatives, guiding and promoting the cadaver donation, and becoming the medical ethics education base for medical students.

Aim To explore the relations between anti-apoptotic role of dipfluzine (DIP) and the death signaling transduction pathway initiated by CD95 molecules, and the transcription factor involved in the transcription regulation of CD95 molecules in the hippocampal CA1 region after transient forebrain ischemia. Methods The rat forebrain transient ischemia model was established through 15 min ischemia followed by 3 days reperfusion by using the four-vessel method. The rats were divided randomly into five groups: sham control group, ischemia / reperfusion (I/R) group, DIP treated groups (20, 40 and 80 mg·kg-1 body weight, ig, separately). Western blotting and RT-PCR were performed to detect the expression changes of Fas, FasL, caspase 10 p20, caspase 8, I-κB-α, and p-I-κB-α molecules in protein and mRNA levels, separately, and immunohistochemistry for molecular localization of Fas and FasL in rat hippocampus. Results The expression of Fas, FasL, and caspase 10 p20 in protein and mRNA levels increased after I/R, which was inhibited significantly after treatment with 20 and 40 mg·kg-1 of DIP (P<0.01). In 80 mg·kg-1 of DIP group, the expression of Fas and FasL protein was not significantly different from that of I/R group (P>0.05). The expression of caspase 8 and I-κB-α showed no significant differences in all groups (P>0.05), and no gene expression was observed for p-I-κB-α protein in the study. DIP significantly affected molecular distribution of Fas and FasL protein in CA1 subregion of hippocampus. Conclusion DIP inhibits the death signaling transduction pathway initiated by CD95 molecules in rat hippocampal CA1 subregion, and NF-κB transcription factor may not be involved in the transcription regulation of CD95 molecules after transient forebrain ischemia.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes in pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance in nosocomial(septicemia).METHODS The blood samples of inpatients were cultured with blood culture apparatus,VITEK-AMS were used to identify the pathogenic bacteria and conduct drug resistance test.RESULTS The proportion of(Gram-positive) cocci had been increasing,coagulase negative staphylococcus increased significantly,but the(proportion) of Staphylococcus aureus decreased significantly.The proportion of Gram-negative bacteria and fungi decreased too.Vancomycin and imipenem were the highest susceptible to Gram-positive and Gram-negative(bacteria),respectively.CONCLUSIONS Gram-negative bacteria are the major pathogens in nosocomial septicemia.But Gram-positive cocci had been increasing in the past years.Coagulase negative staphylococcus is the main pathogen in nosocomial septicemia.pathogenic bacteria are higher resistant to the commonly used antibiotics.

Aim To study the modulation of KCNQ2/3 potassium cha nn els by extracellular pH.Methods In vitro transcription was used to synthesize cRNA of KCNQ2/3 potassium channels.The cRNA was injected into Xenopus oocytes to express the KCNQ2/3 channel.The modulation of KCNQ2/3 potass ium channels by extracellular pH was studied by two electrodes voltage clamp tec hniques.Results KCNQ2/3 currents were inhibited and current-vo ltage relationship of activation were shifted to the right with decreased extrac ellular pH. pH modulation of KCNQ2/3 currents was voltage dependent,with a more pronounced effect at more negative potentials above the activation threshold (-60 mV). Extracelluar pH also decreased activation and deactivation kinetics of KCNQ2/3 currents.Conclusion KCNQ2/3 channels, known to contr ibute to neuronal excitability, were modulated by extracelluar pH. The profound effects of the extracelluar pH exerted on KCNQ2/3 channel may play an important role during physiology neuronal activity and pathological events such a s epileptic seizures, cerebral ischemia and shock etc.

Aim To visualize the dynamics of PtdIns(4,5)P 2 hyd ro lysis and resynthesis, and modulate it by pharmacological agents wortmannin, LiC l, U73122 and neomycin. Methods We used a fusion construct of g reen fluorescent protein(GFP) with the PH domain of phospholipase C ?1(PL C ?1PH)(PLC ?1PH-GFP) known to bind PtdIns(4,5)P 2 specifically , and laser-scanning confocal microscopy to trace PtdIns(4,5)P 2 translocatio n. Results Stimulation of endogenous P 2Y receptors by ATP in CHO cells induced a reversible PLC ?1PH-GFP translocation, indicating Pt dIns(4,5)P 2 hydrolysis through the receptor-mediated phospholipase C (PLC) ac tivation. Wortmannin and LiCl did not affect the translocation of PLC ?1PH -GFP from plasma membrane to cytosol but blocked the recovery after the translo cation. The transient translocation from plasma membrane was blocked by the PLC inhibitor U73122 but was not affected by another PLC inhibitor neomycin. However , in the absence of PLC ?1PH-GFP expression, neomycin inlibited the recep tor-induced PLC hydrolysis of PtdIns(4,5)P 2.Conclusion PLC ?1PH-GFP can be used as a valuable fluorescence probe to visualize the dyn amic change of PtdIns(4,5)P 2 in living cells. Wortmannin, LiCl, U73122 and neo mycin have distinct modulation effects on PtdIns(4,5)P 2 metabolism. PLC ?1 PH,when bound to PtdIns(4,5)P 2,prevents neomycin from inhibiting PLC hydro lyzing PtdIns(4,5)P 2.

Objective To evaluate the impact of obesity and spleen length on laparoscopic splenectomy combined with pericardial devascularization.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 121 patients with portal hypertension who underwent laparoscopic splenectomy combined with pericardial devascularization in our hospital.Using BMI,these patients were classified as the obesity and the non-obesity groups.Using length of the spleen,the patients were divided into two subgroups:spleen AC diameter ＞ 20 cm and spleen AC diameter ≤20 cm.Results (1) For the Obesity group,the operation time,the rate of conversion to open operation and the complication rate after operation were higher than the non-obesity group [(184.0 ± 49.0) min vs (142.0 ±39.0) min,26.1％ vs 8.0％,26.1％ vs 6.7％,respectively,P＜0.05].However,the differences were not significant for mean blood loss,intraperitoneal drainage and complication rate after operation.For patients with massive splenomegaly,the obesity group had higher rates of conversion into open operation and complication (42.9％ vs 11.7％,33.3％ vs 8.8％,respectively,P ＜0.05).For patients with non-massive splenomegaly,the differences were not significant between the obesity and non-obesity groups (P ＞ 0.05).(2) For obesity patients,the spleen AC diameter ＞ 20 cm group had a longer operation time and a higher rate of conversion to open operation [(224.0 ± 42.0) min vs (152.0 ± 44.0) min,42.9％ vs 12.0％,respectively,P ＜ 0.05].The length of spleen had no effect on the operation and its complication (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Obesity extended the operation time and increased the rates of conversion to open operation and complication after operation.The spleen length had a major impact on the rates of conversion to open operation and complication after operation for the groups of obesity patients.

Kir2 1. Moreover, drop of pHi reduced the M 1 induced inhibition of Kir3 1/3 4 currents, and enhanced the desensitization of M 2 induced Kir3 1/3 4 activation. CONCLUSION The basal currents and M receptor induced currents of Kir3 1/3 4 can be regulated by intracellular pH. These changes may play some important roles in pathophysiological conditions like cardiac ischemia.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Methods The study subjects comprised of 249 patients with ACS [ 50 patients with ST elevation acute myocardial infarction( STEMI),43 patients with non-ST elevation acute myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), 156 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) ] from July 2008 to December 2009 at Shanghai East Hospital affiliated to Tongji University.The patients were divided into single-vessel lesions group,double-vcssel lesions group and three-vessel lesions group according to the coronary artery stenosis.A group of 205 healthy subjects admitted for health physical examination were used as conuols.Blood samples were collected from ACS patients and control subjects.Serum PAPP-A,creatine kinaseisoenzyme MB (CK-MB),high-sensitivity troponin-T (hs-TnT) were measured by clectrochemiluminesence and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was measured by immune scatter turbidity method.Analysis of variance ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used for statistical analysis.Results Serum PAPP-A in the STEMI,NSTEMI,UAP and normal control group were 10.45(5.54 - 16.08),6.56(4.68 - 9.55),5.70(4.12 - 8.50),5.23 (4.00 - 5.88) mIU/L,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (H =43.94,P ＜ 0.01 ).Pairwise comparison showed that PAPP-A in STEMI,NSTEMI,UAP were significantly higher than the healthy control group and differences were statistically significant ( t =6.80,2.46,1.72,P ＜ 0.05 ).The PAPP-A had a sensitivity of 52.2％ and specificity of 80％ in diagnosis of ACS.The positive rate of PAPP-A was 44.5％ (69/155) in patients with negative hs-TnT.The serum levels of PAPP-A in the three-vessel lesions group [7.72(5.03 -12.46) mIU/L] was higher than that in the single,double groups [ 5.35 ( 4.14 - 8.59 ),6.05 (4.42 -9.58 ) mIU/L ],and the difference had statistical significance( t =2.00,1.57,P ＜ 0.05 ).There was obvious correlation between the level of serum PAPP-A and the level of hs-CRP ( r =0.524,P ＜ 0.05 ),and there was weak correlation between the PAPPA and CK-MB or hs-TnT (r=0.326,0.343,P＜0.05).Conclusions The results shows that PAPP-A is elevated in patients with ACS.It may be used as a serum biomarker for vulnerable plaques in patients with ACS and has a clinical value for ACS diagnosis especially in patients with negative hs-TnT.