BACKGROUND: Studies on encapsulated whole cel protein antigen ofHelicobacter pylori are stil at the exploration stage. There is limited literature concerning the preparation process andin vitro release characteristics of chitosan microspheres encapsulated with whole cel protein antigen ofHelicobacter pylori. OBJECTIVE:To explore the preparation process andin vitrorelease characteristics of chitosan microspheres encapsulating whole cel protein antigen ofHelicobacter pylori. METHODS: Precipitation method was used to prepare chitosan microspheres, and the best preparation process, matching and encapsulation time were screened. Under electron microscope, the morphology and particle size of microspheres were observed. Chitosan microspheres were used to encapsulateHelicobacter pylori whole cel protein antigen, and BCA method was used to determine encapsulation efficiency, encapsulation content and release efficiency in vitro of Helicobacter pylori whole cel protein antigen. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Final concentration of 1% glacial acetic acid, sodium sulfate as crosslinking agent, pH=5.0, with no pulverization when the crosslinking agent was added was the best preparation process for chitosan microspheres. Electron microscopy showed the smooth surface morphology of microspheres with roundness and good dispersion, and the majority of the microspheres were 1-5 μm in diameter. The encapsulation efficiency ofHelicobacter pylori whole cel protein antigen microspheres was 80.4%, the encapsulated amount was 16.4%, and total 48-hour release rate was 19.4%.Helicobacter pylori whole cel protein antigen microspheres showed an overal slow release status. Chitosan microspheres show good encapsulation efficiency and amount ofHelicobacter pylori whole cel protein antigen, and Helicobacter pylori total bacteria protein antigen microspheres show an overal slow release status.

Objective To investigate the applied value of combined flap that was anastomosed a set of blood vessels. Methods This team includs 26 cases, all cases were injured in traffic accident. The wound parts were knee, calf or ankle. All skin defaults was combined with osseous exposure, chronic inflammation and the wound area was huge. So all cases were terminal repair. After drastically debriding,the wound was repaired through transplanting combined flap that was anastomosed a set of blood vessels. The 6 types flaps were selected. It demonstrates signs of adequate circulation. Its longest was 70 cm, its largest was 42 cm x 42 cm. Results All flaps were alive, the wounds were closed up, the fractures were healed up, the feet or calves were reserved. All above was condition for function reservation. Conclusion THe applying of combined flap that anastomosed a set of blood vessels could substitutes the built-up flaps that was anastomosed a group of blood vessels. The procedure have spent smaller time, and have higher successful ratio. So it would be prone to applying and popularizing in clinical.

As an excellent unicellular biological model, Tetrahymena pyriformis S1 has been employed in studying the biological effects of the chemical elements. The nutritious and/or toxic effects on T. pyriformis S1 induced by As, Se, Te, Re, Ir have been observed. Trace amounts of As, Se, Re and Ir added in the peptone-glucose culture medium could stimulate the cell proliferation of T. pyriformis in the following range of concentration respectively: As 0.03-0.05 ppm, Se 0.01-1.0 ppm, Re 0.02-0.08 ppm, Ir 1.0-3.0 ppm, whereas Te only showed its inhibitory effect on the growth of cells.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of the extractions of synthetic Cordyceps Sinensia Sacc powder on cold preserved injured tissues of rat livers. Methods The extractions of synthetic Cordyceps Sinensia Sacc powder were added into LR at certain proportion. Having been preserved for 6 or 12 hours, the liver grafts of rats were reperfused for 30 minutes. And then, ATP, ADP, AMP in livers were measured and added up to total adenine nucleotide (TAN). Besides, AST, ALT, MDA, and ET in the effluent of the reperfusion were assayed. Pathological sections were studied and apoptosis index was detected by TUNEL method. Results The values of ATP, TAN in the experimental group preserved for 12 hours were significantly higher than the control group (P0.05), but the mean of the former was higher than the latter. There was obvious increase of apoptosis index (P

From October 1985 to April 1989, free flaps using post tibial vessel of the healthy leg as a bridgework were applied to 7 cases of extensive traumatic wounds, including damage of main vessels, exposure of bone and large soft tissue defect, of the lower limbs. Success was obtained in all cases. The operative method, indication, selection of the skin donor area and the key factor of operative success were introduced and discussed in the article.

Objective:To improve the determination method for the total anthraquinone of the Rhei Radix et Rhizoma in the Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China, and compare this method with the method in the pharmacopoeia to determine the feasibility of such method. Methods:By changing the determination of total anthraquinone from biphasic hydrolysis to monophase hydrolysis, the method included in the pharmacopoeia was improved to determine the total anthraquinone content in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. Chromatographic conditions were Symmetry C18 (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) chromatographic column; the mobile phase is methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid water (85:15); the flow rate was 1 ml/min; the column temperature is 30 ℃; the detection wavelength is 254 nm. Results:The concentrations of aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol, physcion in the range of 0.003 3-0.332 0 μg, 0.006 9-0.668 0 μg, 0.002 3-0.232 0 μg, 0.010 4-1.040 0 μg, 0.008 4-0.836 0 μg have good linear relationship with the peak area; RSDs of precision, stability and repeatability were less than 2%; the recovery rates of aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion were 101.50%, 99.30%, 99.62%, 101.57%, and 103.11%, and the RSDs were less than 2%. Conclusion:The improvement method is simple, accurate, reliable and reproducible, which could be used for the quality control of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma.

Objective To explore the effect of support with total parenteral nutrition(TPN)or early enteral and parenteral nutrition(EN+PN)on immune function of critically ill neurosurgical patients.Methods In this prospective control study,patients were divided inte TPN group and EN+PN group based on the timing of admission.The changes of immunological indicators including CD3,CD4,CD8,CD4/CD8,CD3/CD25,IgA,IgG,IgM,and serum protein before and after nutritional support were compared.Results The percentage of T lymphocyte subsets CD3,CD4,and CD8,the ratio of CD3+/CD25+,the plasma leveh of IgA,IgM,and IgG,and the serum protein were significantly increased after nutrifional supports(P<0.05,P<0.01).However,compared with the TPN group,the percentages of T lymphocyte subsets(CD3,CD4,and CD8),the ratio of CD4+/CD8+,the plasma levels of IgA,IgM,and IgG,and the serum protein were significantly higher in EN+PN group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusions Both TPN and EN+PN can promote the recovery of immune function,while EN+PN is superior to TPN.Early nutritional support should be provided to critically ill neurosurgical patients.

Objective To investigate the expression of RECK and MMP-9 in pancreatic cancer and to explore the relationship between RECK, MMP-9 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics.Methods PV6000 immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of RECK and MMP-9 in 28 cases of pancreatic cancer and 10 cases of normal pancreatic tissue. All the statistical analyses were performed by using SPSS 13.0 statistical software to determine the relationship between RECK, MMP-9 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics. Results The overall positive rate of RECK espression was 46.43% (13/28)in pancreatic cancer, which was significantly lower than that in normal pancreatic tissue (90%, 9/10). The positive rate of RECK espression in Ⅰ + Ⅱ clinical stage (75.0% ,9/12) was significantly higher than that in Ⅲ + Ⅳ stage (25.0%, 4/16 P < 0.05 ). The positive rate of RECK expression in cases without distant metastases (60.0%, 12/60) was significantly higher than that in cases with distant metastasis (12.5%, 1/8,P<0.05). The overall positive rate of MMP-9 was 75% (21/28) in pancreatic cancer, and 20% (2/10) in normal pancreatic tissue. The comparison between these two groups indicated a significant difference (P <0.01 ). The positive rate of MMP-9 in Ⅰ + Ⅱ clinical stage(50.0% ,6/12) was significantly lower than that in Ⅲ + Ⅳ stage (93.8,15/16, P < 0.05). The positive rate of MMP-9 in well differentiation group(33.3%,1/3 ) was significantly lower than that in poor differentiation group ( 100%, 12/12 ,P < 0. 01 ). The expressionof RECK was negatively correlated with the expression of MMP-9 ( r = - 0. 536, P < 0.01 ). Conclusions RECK is lowly expressed in pancreatic cancer, but MMP-9 is highly expressed. RECK and MMP-9 may serve as important markers in the evaluation of tumor stage.

Objective To investigate the mouse liver blood vessel images using phase contrast X-ray imaging with synchrotron radiation. Methods 6 female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into two groups, 3 mice in each group. In one group, livers excised after hgated arteries, veins and common bile duct. In another group, iodine infused via the portal vein and drained from inferior vena cave until all the blood in the portal veins and hepatic veins was displaced. After infusion, arteries, veins and common bile duct were ligated and livers were excised. Results Blood vessel images were clearly produced by diffraction enhanced imaging. This method can discriminate vessels down to about 40 μm in diameter without contrast agent. Using a contrasting agent more details could be produced. In one liver lobe, the entire branch of the portal vein could be clearly produced by one by one phase contrast image from the main axial blood vessels of liver lobe to the nine generation of branching. Conclusions Phase contrast imaging has the advantage of good contrast and high spatial resolution. [Key wnrds] Synchrotron radiation; Phase contrast imaging; Diffraction enhanced imaging; Blood vessel; X-rays

Objective To detecte the expression of COX-2,VEGF-C and lymphatic vessel density (LVD)in pancreatic cancerous and paracancerous tissues,and investigate their correlation.Methods The expression of COX-2.VEGF-C and LVD in 40 cases of pancreatic cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues and 12 cases of normal pancreas was detected by tissue chip and immunohistochemical assays,and the relationship between them and the cljnicopathological parameters was analyzed. Results The expression of COX-2,VEGF-C in pancreatic cancer tissues were 70.0%(28/40)and 67.5%(27/40),respectively,which were significantly higher than that in paracancerous tissues(42.5%,17/40)and(35.0%,14/40),and that in normal pancreas(8.3%,1/12)and(25.0%,3/12).The LVD in pancreatic cancerous,paracancerous and normal pancreatic tissues were 4.75±2.77,15.2 ±4.70 and 1.67±1.15,respectively.The expression of COX-2 in cancerous tissues and LVD in paracancerous tissues was correlated with tumor differentiation and lymph metastasis;the expression of VEGF-C Was correlated with lymph metastasis.LVD in paracancerous tissues was correlated with the expression of COX-2 and VEGF-C.Conclusions Pancreatic cancer lymphangiogenesis mainly existed in paracancerous tissues,COX-2 and VEGF-C may play an important role in the lymphangiogenesis.