Objective Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is widely used in gene expression analysis.Selection of proper housekeeping gene is very important.Rat model of myocardial infarction is a major animal model of myocardial infarction.Few reports are found about the selection of rat housekeeping gene after myocardial infarction.This study was aimed to explore the stability of the housekeeping genes expression in the rat model of myocardial infarction.Methods Myocardial infarction models were made using the anterior descending coronary artery ligation method.Combining with practical work,analysis and selection were made of four widely used standard housekeeping genes:glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH),ribosomal protein L13A (RPL13A),beta-actin (ACTB) and acidic ribosomal phosphoprotein P0 (ARBP).The expressions in the rat heart were compared using real-time fluorescent RT-PCR and analysis was carried out to figure out which was the most suitable housekeeping gene for study of gene expression in rats after myocardial infarction using GeNorm program.Results The M values of RPL13A,GAPDH,ARBP and ACTB gene were 0.812,0.721,0.812 and 1.2 respectively.Conclusion GAPDH and ARBP are the most stable genes for the rat myocardial infarction model.

Objective To investigate the change of antimicrobial resistance among gram-positive cocci from 1999 to 2006 in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital. Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility test was car-ried out by MIC method, data were analyzed by WHONET 5.3 software. Results A total of 6192 clinical isolates were collected. The top four pathogens were Staphylococcus coagulase-negative, Staphylococcus au-reus, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. The prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureas and coagulase-negative were identified in 88.4% and 86.9%, respectively. The resistance rates of S. aureus to penicillin G and ampicillin were more than 90.0% during 1999-2006. Neither strains of S. aureus nor strains of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were found resistant to vancomycin. Vancomyein-resistant Enterococci (VRE) strains were firstly isolated in 2003, thirteen vancomycin-resistant E.faecalis isolates were identified as VanB genotype by PCR and sequencing. The VanA gene was confirmed by PCR and sequencing in seven-teen vancomycin-resistant E.faecium, vancomycin-resistance E.faecium rate increased sharply. The most ac-tive antibiotics against E. faecalis were vancomycin, ampicillin, penicillin with the susceptible rates of 98.7%, 95.7% and 85.6%, however, the susceptibility rate of E. faecalis to penicillin decreased from 94.3%-84.6%. The resistance rates of E.faecalis to clindamycin was 99.0%. The resistance rates of E. faecium to erythromycin and clindamycin were more than 95.0%. The resistance rates of E.faecium to ampi-cillin, penicillin, ciprofloxacin were more than 90.0%. The most active antibiotics against E. faecium was vancomycin. The susceptibility rate of E.faecium to tetracycline increased from 27.8% to 82.6%. Conclu-sion Vancomycin remains highly active against gram-positive cocci. A total of 30 Enterococci isolates were found resistant to vancomycin.

Objective:To explore the relationship between early maladaptive schemas, defense styles and mental health in patients with depression, and to investigate the mediating effects of defense styles between early maladaptive schemas and mental health.Methods:A total of 87 outpatients with depression were assessed with the Young schema questionnaire-short form 2(YSQ-SF2), defense style questionnaire(DSQ), symptom checklist-90(SCL-90) and Beck depression inventory(BDI). SPSS Process program and Bootstrap method were used to explore the mediating effect of defense styles.Results:The scores of abandonment/instability were higher in females than those in males (2(0.5, 4), 0(0, 1.25), Z=-2.963, P=0.003) while the score of emotional inhibition was higher in males than in females (1(0, 3), 0(0, 2), Z=-2.318, P=0.02). The total score of SCL-90 was positively predicted by vulnerability to harm or illness and emotional deprivation, with an explanatory variation rate of 27.7%.The number of SCL-90 positive items was positively predicted by social isolation/alienation and abandonment/instability, with an explanatory variation rate of 19.3%.Immature defense styles fully mediate the relationship between social isolation/alienation and mental health, as well as between abandonment/instability and mental health. Conclusion:Social isolation/alienation and abandonment/instability affect the mental health of patients with depression by the mediating effect of immature defense styles.

Objective:To establish a candidate reference procedure for the enumeration of cell particles in urine and applied to the multi-center performance evaluation of an automated urine formed elements analyzer.Methods:According to the standardized mannual microscopic examination of fresh non-centrifuged urine samples and the recommended reference method for enumeration of cell particles in urine published by ISLH, we established a candidate reference procedure for the enumeration of cell particles in urine. From four class A tertiary hospitals′ clinical laboratories, three rigorous trained technicians per hospital tested the same specimen respectively using the reference procedure. Each specimen was repeatedly counted 5 times, obtaining the quantitative results of cell particles were obtained in urine. Four hospitals used the established candidate reference measurement procedure and the automated urine formed elements analyzer to detect 40 to 60 urine specimens from September 2020 to January 2021, and evaluate the established reference method, meanwhile evaluate the accuracy and consistency of the each count from automated urinalysis analyzer.Results:Using the candidate reference measurement procedures, the coefficient of variation of results derived from three trained technicians per hospital was less than 6.98% (red blood cells), 6.99% (white blood cells), 13.94% (epithelial cells) and met the quality requirements. The performance evaluation results of automated urine formed elements analyzer showed that the accuracy of red blood cells, white blood cells and epithelial cells met the requirements (bias≤4.98%) and was well consistent with the reference measurement procedure ( R2≥0.989). Conclusions:A candidate reference measurement procedure for the enumeration of urine cell particles was successfully established with satisfactory precision and accuracy. This procedure was applied to multicenter performance evaluation of an automated urine formed elements analyzer with good accuracy and consistency.