Objective To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC) versus open radical cystectomy (ORC).Methods The databases of Cochrane Library , PubMed, EMbase, SCI, Ovid, CBM, WanFang Data Knowledge Service Platform , VIP Information Chinese Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure , were searched to collect the randomized controlled trails ( RCTs) and non-RCTs about LRC versus ORC for the treatment of muscle invasive bladder cancer . The retrieval time span was from inception to May 2013.The studies were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria , the data were extracted and the quality was evaluated by 2 reviewers independently.The meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.2.6 software.Results A total of 13 non-RCTs involving 783 patients were included .The meta-analysis showed that comparing with ORC , LRC had lesser intraoperative blood loss [MD =-466.85,95%CI( -603.33, -330.37), P <0.001], lower transfusion rate [OR =0.27, 95%CI(0.18, 0.41),P <0.001], shortening postoperative hospital stay [MD=-3.46, 95%CI(-5.98,-0.94), P=0.007], shortening time to oral intake [MD=-1.16, 95%CI(-1.41, -0.90), P<0.001], lesser minor complications [OR=0.52, 95%CI(0.30, 0.89), P=0.020], lower positive margins [OR=0.25, 95%CI(0.10,0.58),P=0.001], lower positive lymphs [OR=0.61, 95%CI(0.40, 0.92),P=0.020], but longer operative time[MD=52.44, 95%CI(36.67, 68.21), P<0.001].There were no significant differences between LRC and ORC in lymph node yield , local recurrence and distant metastases ( P>0.05 ) .Conclusions LRC is safe and feasible for treating muscle invasive bladder cancer when its indications are strictly controlled .However, for the quantity and quality limitation of the involved studies , this conclusion still requires to be further proved by large and high quality studies.

Objective To compare the prognoses in pregnancy women receiving routine perineal shaving and non perineal shaving before vaginal delivery through meta analysis.Methods The randomized controlled trials or non-randomized controlled trials for comparing the prognoses in pregnancy women receiving routine perineal shaving and non perineal shaving before vaginal delivery were retrieved from databases,including Cochrane Library,PubMed,EMbase,SCI,Ovid,CBM,Wanfang,VIP and CNKI,till December 2015.The studies were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,and the data were extracted and evaluated by two reviewers independently.The Meta-analysis was conducted via RevMan 5.2.6 software.Results A total of 6 studies (including three articles in English and three ones in Chinese) including 1 924 delivery women were included,1 083 cases in the perineal shaving group and 841 cases in the non perineal shaving group.No statistically significant difference was found in the incidence rate of fever after delivery between the perineal shaving group and the non perineal shaving group[Z=0.57,P=0.57,RR=1.14,95 ％ CI(0.73,1.76)],and there was no statistically significant difference in post-operative wound infection between the two groups [Z=0.43,P=0.66,RR=1.11,95％CI(0.69,1.78)].Conclusion Perineal shaving may be not an essential nursing intervention before vaginal delivery.

Objective To study the clinical effects of addition treatment of liver-kidney yin deficiency and postmenopausal osteoporosis with Liuwei Dihuang pill.Methods 120 patients suffering from postmenopausal osteopo-rosis who were determined to be subject to liver -kidney Yin deficiency by doctors of traditional Chinese medicine when they received treatment at the outpatient clinic of traditional Chinese medicine department of our hospital in the period from February 2010 to june 2013 were divided into three groups:group A,B and C,with the random number table.For group A:provided the honeyed pills made up by supplemented six -ingredient rehmannia pill,and taken two pills per day continuously for six months;For group B:provided 5mg of zoledronic acid injection for intravenous drip infusion;For group C:provided traditional Chinese medicine honeyed pills and zoledronic acid for treatment at the same time;all of the three groups take Calcium carbonate D3 at the same time;The three groups of cases until the 12th month were observed and followed -up.The clinical efficacy of three groups were compared.Results A,C group 3 months after treatment with estradiol levels compared with before treatment,the difference was statistically significant (t =2.54,P =0.05,t =2.07,P =0.06).A group 3 months after treatment,the VAS scores at 6 months respectively (3.75 ±1.32),(2.06 ±1.53)points before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(t =10.18, P =0.00,t =9.26,P =0.00).A group 3 months after treatment,the SF -36 scores at 6 months were (90.82 ± 12.38),(105.82 ±9.06)% respectively,compared with that before treatment,the differences were statistically significant(t =8.40,P =0.00,t =5.21,P =0.00).A group 6 months after treatment of lumbar 1 -4 bone density-were (0.85 ±0.07)g/m2 ,and before treatment[(0.76 ±0.07)g/m2 ]comparison,the difference was statistically significant(t =7.56,P =0.00);A group 6 months after treatment of Wards bone density compared with before treatment,the difference was statistically significant(t =8.07,P =0.00).C group 6 months after treatment of lumbar 1 -4 bone density(0.91 ±0.07)g/m2 ,and B Group[(0.88 ±0.05)g/m2 ]comparison,the difference was statistical-ly significant(t =27.19,P =0.00);C group after treatment,the bone mineral density of Wards area for 6 months were (0.62 ±0.04)g/m2 .The difference was statistically significant (t =26.22,P =0.00),compared with the B group. The TCMsyndromes of TCMin the 6 months after treatment in A group were (5.42 ±2.13),and the difference was statistically significant (t =13.29,P =0.00),compared with the B Group (10.75 ±4.08).(t =13.29,P =0.00). Compared with B group,the difference was statistically significant(t =26.22,P =0.00).A group after the treatment of TCMsyndrome score was 6 months(5.42 ±2.13),and B Group[(10.75 ±4.08)],the difference was statistically significant(t =13.29,P =0.00).Conclusion The addition of Liuwei Dihuang pill can improve BMD,alleviate the ostealgia and improve life quality of patients suffering from postmenopausal osteoporosis,and has no obvious adverse effects.It can enhance curative effects through using with diphosphonate.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the treatment outcomes and prognostic factors for primary bone lymphomas ( PBL) . Methods Forty patients with PBL who were admitted to our center from 1964 to 2014 were enrolled as subjects. In those patients, 10 were treated with chemotherapy alone, 10 with radiochemotherapy, 10 with postoperative chemotherapy, 9 with postoperative radiochemotherapy, and 1 with surgery alone. The median radiation dose was 36 Gy. The Kaplan?Meier method was used to calculate survival rates . The log?rank test was used for survival difference analysis and univariate prognostic analysis . Results The follow?up rate was 100%. The 3?year sample size was 36. In all patients, the 1?and 3?year overall survival rates were 60% and 42%, respectively, while the 1?and 3?year disease?free survival rates were 45%and 34%, respectively. The univariate analysis showed that no pathological fracture at diagnosis, normal lactate dehydrogenase level, an International Prognostic Index score of ≤1, early clinical stage ( stageⅠE ) , complete response after initial treatment, no less than 6 cycles of chemotherapy, a radiation dose of≥40 Gy, no progression outside radiation field after radiotherapy, and grade<3 bone marrow suppression during the treatment were prognostic factors for survival ( P=0. 027, 0. 037, 0. 000, 0. 016, 0. 000, 0. 000, 0. 022, 0. 014, and 0. 030). Conclusions The incidence of PBL is low. Comprehensive treatment can achieve satisfactory outcomes. As a PBL staging system, Ann Arbor has limitations. The staging of PBL should be based on local bone destruction and metastasis.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of Clebopride(CBP)bioadhensive sustained-release tablets on experimental gas-tric ulcer and gastrointestinal motility disorder. METHODS:Gastric ulcer rat model was induced by ethanol and aspirin,and then divided into model group (normal saline),common tablet (CBP tablet 0.072 mg/kg) and sustained-release tablet high-dose and low-dose groups (CBP bioadhensive sustained-release tablet 0.072,0.036 mg/kg);normal rats were included in normal control group (normal saline);they were given relevant medicine intragastrically,twice a day for sustained-release tablet,three times a day for other. Ulcer area were observed 2 and 4 days after medication to calculate healing rate of ulcer(n=6). Gastrointestinal mo-tility disorder mice model was induced by atropine,and then divided into model group (normal saline),common tablet group (CBP tablet 0.1 mg/kg)and sustained-release tablet high-dose,medium-dose and low-dose groups(CBP bioadhensive sustained-re-lease tablet 0.1,0.05,0.025 mg/kg);normal mice were included in normal control group(normal saline);they were given rele-vant medicine intragastrically,once a day,for consecutive 3 days. The rate of gastric emptying and small intestinal propulsion were detected (n=6). RESULTS:Compared with normal control group,ulcer area of rats increased in model group;compared with model group,that of rats decreased in common tablet group and sustained-release tablet high-dose,low-dose groups,with statisti-cal significance (P<0.01);healing rates of gastric ulcer were 32.35%-48.24% 2 days after medication,and those were above 70% 4 days after medication. Compared with normal control group,the rate of gastric emptying and small intestinal propulsion in mice decreased in model group;compared with model group,those of mice increased in common tablet group and sustained-re-lease tablet high-dose,medium-dose,low-dose groups. The effects of sustained-release tablet high-dose and medium-dose groups were better than that of common tablet group;those difference had statistical significance (P<0.01 or P<0.05). CONCLU-SIONS:CBP bioadhensive sustained-release tablets have im-provement effects against gastric ulcer of rats and gastrointesti-nal motility disorder of mice.

Objective To evaluate the incidence of and risk factors for esophageal fistula and fatal bleeding after intensity?modulated radiotherapy ( IMRT) for esophageal cancer. Methods Clinical data were collected from 128 patients with esophageal cancer who received radical IMRT in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2014. According to the incidence of esophageal fistula and fatal bleeding, those patients were divided into control group ( n= 105 ) and severe complications group ( n= 23 ) . In the severe complications group,12 patients had esophageal fistula and 11 fatal bleeding. Between?group comparison was made by χ2 test. The Cox model was used for the multivariate analysis. Results Chest and back pain in the initial diagnosis,clinical stage cT4 ,tumor type ( ulcerative) ,gross tumor volume ( GTV)>50 cm3 ,and GTV maximum diameter>2?45 cm were risk factors for esophageal fistula and fatal bleeding after radiotherapy for esophageal cancer (P=0?042,0?042,0?019,0?046,0?002).The multivariate analysis showed that tumor type ( ulcerative) and GTV maximum diameter were independent risk factors for esophageal fistula and fatal bleeding ( P=0?010,HR=0?329,95% CI:0?142?0?763;P=0?009,HR=3?805,95% CI:1?404?10?312) . Conclusions The efficacy of IMRT is severely restricted by the incidence of esophageal fistula and fatal bleeding. For patients with an ulcerative type of esophageal cancer or a GTV max diameter of>2?45 cm,the chemoradiotherapy plan should be optimized to reduce the risk of severe complications.

Objective To study the pathological changes of the sudden death cases due to the dysplasia of the cardiac conduction system. Methods Using the newly established pathological sampling method by our research team, 26 hearts of unidentified sudden deaths excluding trauma, poisoning and diseases were collected and observed optically with H&E staining, Masson staining and immunohistochemical staining. Results Among the 26 cases, there were dysplasia in the cardiac conduction system,structural abnormalities, tissue or structure shift, fibrous cushion in the sinoatrial node and 9 cases have 2~3 abnormalities at the same time. Among the age groups from 16 to 30, 21 cases (80.8%) showed dysplasia of the cardiac conduction system. Conclusion The dysplasia of the cardiac conduction system may be one of the predominant reasons for the sudden death in young adults.

Objective To analyze the effects of gross tumor volume(GTV-T)and positive lymph node volume(GTV-LN)on the prognosis of radical concurrent chemoradiotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC). Methods A total of 79 patients with stage N1ESCC undergoing radical radiotherapy in our hospital from 2012 to 2015 were enrolled as subjects. GTV-T and GTV-LN were calculated by the Pinnacle39.0 treatment planning system. The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to evaluate the value of the GTV-LN/GTV-T ratio in the prediction of local recurrence(LR)and distant metastasis(DM)of ESCC. Results The median follow-up time was 17.2 months in all patients. The ROC curves were made using the GTV-LN/GTV-T ratio. The optimal cut-off values of GTV-LN/GTV-T ratio for predicting the risk of LR and DM were 0.34 and 0.59, respectively. The statistical analysis revealed that the LR rates were 50% and 8% in patients with GTV-LN/GTV-T ratios of<0.34 and ≥0.34, respectively(P<0.01), while the DM rates were 11% and 43% in patients with GTV-LN/GTV-T ratios of<0.59 and ≥0.59, respectively(P= 0.003). Conclusions The GTV-LN/GTV-T ratio may be a predictor of LR and DM in patients with ESCC. Further studies on the GTV-LN/GTV-T ratio may help to make personalized chemoradiotherapy strategies for patients with ESCC.

Objective To explore the effect and potential mechanisms of melatonin combined with gemcitabine on the chemosensitivity of human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1.Methods Human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1 was trea-ted with gemcitabine alone or in combination with melatonin.Cell viability was assessed using CCK-8.Effect of melatonin and gem-citabine alone or in combination on the clonogenic capacity of PANC-1 cells were observed through colony formation experiments.Scratch assays and transwell experiments were conducted to evaluate cell migration ability.Reactive oxygen species(ROS)and mitochondrial membrane point JC-1 assay kit were used to determine reactive oxygen species synthesis and membrane potential levels.Intracellular Fe2+level was measured using ferrous ion fluorescent probe.The protein expression levels of LC3,P62,GPX4 and SLC7A11 in different treatment groups were detected by immunofluorescence and Western blotting.Results CCK-8 results showed that the viability of PANC-1 cells was inhibited by gemcitabine alone after 48 h and 72 h of treatment in a time-and dose-dependent manner.The cell viability of gemcitabine combined with melatonin group was significantly lower than that of gemcitabine group,and the cell viability decreased with the increase of melatonin concentration.Scratch assays,transwell experiments,and plate colony formation assay results demonstrated that the proliferation and migration of cells in the gemcitabine combined with the me-latonin group were significantly inhibited compared with the gemcitabine group.The levels of reactive oxygen species and Fe2+in PANC-1 in gemcitabine combined with the melatonin group were higher than those in the gemcitabine group,and the mitochondri-al membrane potential was significantly decreased(P＜0.01).Western blotting and immunofluorescence results showed that the ra-tio of autophagy-related protein LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ in gemcitabine combined with the melatonin group was lower than that in the gem-citabine group,and the expression of P62 was up-regulated,and the expression of anti-iron death-related protein GPX4 and SLC7A11 was significantly inhibited(P＜0.05),suggesting that melatonin combined with gemcitabine can inhibit autophagy and promote ferroptosis in PANC-1 cells.Conclusion Melatonin enhances the chemosensitivity of pancreatic cancer cell PANC-1 to gemcitabine by inhibiting autophagy and promoting ferroptosis of tumor cells.

Background Vascular endothelial injury is an important pathogenic step of vibration-induced hand arm vibration disease (HAVD), and long-term vibration exposure can lead to vascular endothelial cell dysfunction and cell damage. Cell ferroptosis may be one of the important mechanisms of vibration-induced vascular endothelial cell injury and HAVD. Objective To explore whether vibration can induce changes in ferroptosis-related indicators in vascular endothelial cells in vitro. Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were divided into four vibrationgroups and two control groups. The vibration groups were exposed to an vibration setting of 125 Hz, 6.5 m·s⁻² frequency band and for different durations: 1 d 2 h (total 1 d, 2 h per day), 1 d 4 h (total 1 d, 4 h per day), 2 d 2 h (total 2 d, 2 h per day), and 2 d 4 h (total 2 d, 4 h per day), respectively. All control groups were treated the same as the experimental groups except no vibration exposure. When the cells were 80% confluent, the control groups and the corresponding experimental groups were harvested at the same time. The effects of subgroup treatments on iron, reduced glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in HUVEC were detected with a cell ferrous colorimetric test kit, a reduced GSH colorimetric test kit, and a trace MDA test kit, respectively. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expressions of ferroptosis-related genes acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4 (ACSL4), tumor protein 53 (P53), recombinant human ferritin heavy chain (FTH1), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Western blot (WB) was used to detect the expression levels of ferroptosis-related proteins in HUVEC. Results Compared with the control groups, the vibration induced an increase in the iron content of HUVEC with a dose-response trend. Compared with the control groups, the reduced GSH content of HUVEC in the vibration group decreased with the increase of vibration time and frequency, and there was a dose-response trend. Compared with the control groups, the intracellular MDA content of HUVEC in the 1 d 2 h, 1 d 4 h, and 2 d 4 h vibration groups increased, and the MDA content in the 1 d 2 h and 1 d 4 h vibration group increased with time. The RT-PCR results showed that the mRNA expression levels of ACSL4 and P53 in the 1 d 4 h group increased compared with the 1 d 2 h group. Compared with the 2 d control group, the mRNA expression levels of ACSL4 in the 2 d 2 h vibration group and the 2 d 4 h vibration group increased, and the mRNA expression level of P53 in the 2 d 4 h vibration group increased. Compared with the 1 d control group, the mRNA expression levels of FTH1 and GPX4 in endothelial cells in the vibration 1 d 2 h group decreased. The WB results showed that compared with the control groups, the expression level of ferroptosis-related protein ACSL4 in endothelial cells increased in the vibration 1 d 2 h group; the expression levels of P53 in the 1 d 2 h and 2 d 4 h vibration groups increased; the expression levels of GPX4 decreased in the 1 d 4 h and 2 d 2 h vibration group, and the decrease was more obvious in the 2 d 2 h vibration group than in the 1 d 2 h vibration group; the above differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Vibration induces an increase in iron content, a decrease in GSH, and an increase in MDA in vascular endothelial cells in vitro, as well as mRNA and protein expressions of ferroptosis-related genes ACSL4, P53, FTH1, and GPX4.