To study the effects of the material of a buildup cap to the determined value of Output FactorSc．Material and MethodsUsing two buildup caps made of plastic A－150 and copper respectively．The ionizing values of ionization chamber were measured with Farmer 2570 electrometer in the fields of all kinds of sizes respectively and calibrated to reference field．Two groups of values of Sc were obtained and compared． Results The ionizing values measured with the buildup cap of copper is evidently larger than with the buildup cap of plastic A－150 and the maximum is 14％ but the difference between two groups of the values of Sc is not much evident and all is in the range of 1％． Conclusions Though the material of high density is not equivalent with airthe effects of that to the measured value of Sc is less．So using the buildup cap made of the material of high density for the measurement of Sc is also a quite good method specially in the fields of the small sizes．

0.05). Conclusion Brachytherapy ,when used to increase the dose effect,may enhance the local effect without any change in the overall survival.

Objective:To study the distribution and expression of STAT6 and to examine the suggested roles of STAT6 in the pathogenesis of eosinophil infiltration in nasal polyps and to evaluate the role of STAT6 in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps.Method:All selected cases met the enrollment criteria.Thirty samples of nasal polyps were obtained from patients undergoing nasal polypectomy, and 10 samples of inferior turbinate tissues were from patients undergoing nasal septal reconstruction.STAT6 in nasal polyp tissues from 30 nasal polyposis patients and 10 samples of inferior turbinate tissues were detected with immunohistochemistry(SP) method.SPSS13.0 system was used to perform the statistical analysis.Result:The positive expression of STAT6 was significantly higher in epithelium of nasal polyps than that of the control. The number of eosinophils was significantly higher in epithelium of nasal polyps than that of the control. The difference between these two groups was statitically significant(P<0.05). STAT6 positive cell were localized on epithelium, gland cells and on inflammatory cell of nasal polyps. STAT6 expression was positively correlated with the recruitment of eosinophils in nasal polyps.Conclusion:The high expression of STAT6 protein and the suggested roles of STAT6 in the recruitment of eosinophils in nasal polyps may contribute to the initiation and progression of nasal polyps.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the association of Ezrin and E-cadherin expression with the invasion, metastasis and prognois of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. METHODS: Imunohistochemical SP staining was used to detect the expression of Ezrin and E-cadherin in 42 nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 10 chronic nasopharyngitis specimens. RESULTS: Ezrin protein expression in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in the chronic nasopharyngitis tissues (P<0.05). E-cadherin expression in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues was significantly lower than that in the chronic nasopharyngitis tissues (P<0.05). Expressions of both Ezrin and E-cadherin of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were closely associated with T staging,the cervical lymph node metastases and clinical staging (P<0.05). A negative correlation was found between Ezrin and E-cadherin expression in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues (r=-0.450, P<0.05). Survival analysis showed that the abnormal expression of Ezrin and E-cadhrin, clinical staging and the cervical lymph node metastases were associated with the survival rate of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. CONCLUSION A negative correlation is found between Ezrin and E-cadherin expression in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues. Ezrin and E-cadherin are closely related to clinical staging and the cervical lymph node metastases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma,suggesting that they may be important tumor markers for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Combined detection of the expressions of Ezrin and E-cadherin is helpful for clinical doctors to determine the prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD ; Cadherins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; Cytoskeletal Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Prognosis ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To study the efficacy and safety of 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy combined with temozolomide (TMZ) for gliomas. METHODS: A total of 78 patients with pathologically confirmed glioma ( from September 2005 to March 2007) were postoperatively divided into 3 groups: a chemotherapy group (n=24), a radiotherapy group (n=25), and a comprehensive therapy group(n=29). The patients received temozolomide alone,3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy alone,3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy combined with temozolomide in the chemotherapy group,the radiotherapy group and the comprehensive therapy group respectively. The survival rate, progression-free survival, overall survival time and adverse reactions were observed. RESULTS: The 3-year survival rate in the comprehensive therapy group was significantly higher than that in the other two groups. The 3-year survival rates were 20.83%, 20.00%, and 41.38% in the chemotherapy group, the radiotherapy group and the comprehensive therapy group respectively. The progression-free survival time was 17.68,17.94, and 23.29 months and the average overall survival time was 20.28, 21.54, and 25.75 months in the chemotherapy group, the radiotherapy group and the comprehensive therapy group, respectively.The adverse reactions were mild and tolerable. CONCLUSION Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy combined with temozolomide is more effective for gliomas than the simple 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and the temozolomide chemotherapy alone.
Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating ; therapeutic use ; Brain Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Combined Modality Therapy ; adverse effects ; Dacarbazine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Glioma ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Period ; Radiotherapy, Conformal ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Analysis ; Temozolomide

OBJECTIVE: To study the distribution and expression of STAT6 and to examine the suggested roles of STAT6 in the pathogenesis of eosinophil infiltration in nasal polyps and to evaluate the role of STAT6 in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. METHOD: All selected cases met the enrollment criteria. Thirty samples of nasal polyps were obtained from patients undergoing nasal polypectomy, and 10 samples of inferior turbinate tissues were from patients undergoing nasal septal reconstruction. STAT6 in nasal polyp tissues from 30 nasal polyposis patients and 10 samples of inferior turbinate tissues were detected with immunohistochemistry (SP) method. SPSS13.0 system was used to perform the statistical analysis. RESULT: The positive expression of STAT6 was significantly higher in epithelium of nasal polyps than that of the control. The number of eosinophils was significantly higher in epithelium of nasal polyps than that of the control. The difference between these two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). STAT6 positive cell were localized on epithelium, gland cells and on inflammatory cell of nasal polyps. STAT6 expression was positively correlated with the recruitment of eosinophils in nasal polyps. CONCLUSION The high expression of STAT6 protein and the suggested roles of STAT6 in the recruitment of eosinophils in nasal polyps may contribute to the initiation and progression of nasal polyps.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Eosinophils ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Polyps ; metabolism ; pathology ; STAT6 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To report the prospective efficacy of 45 patients intracranial germinoma treated by radiotherapy and discuss its treatment. METHODS: From February 1998 to October 2007, a total of 45 intracranial germinoma patients were performed radiotherapy, including 15 combined chemotherapy in the Department of Oncology. Of them 23 were pathologically diagnosed while 22 cases were clinical diagnosed. Life table method showed the 5-year and 10-year survival rate. RESULTS: Forty patients were followed-up. Most symptoms of the patients were significantly reduced or disappeared completely. The 5-year and 10-year survival rate of all patients were 84% and 74%. CONCLUSION Radiotherapy is the main treatment for intracranial germinoma. Craniospinal irradiation, whole brain irradiation and partial brain irradiation are the main treatments. Radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy, which can reduce the radiation range and dose will be the trend.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Brain Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; mortality ; radiotherapy ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Germinoma ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult

To investigate effects of MARCH6 gene knockdown on MCF-7 cell proliferation and cell cycle.
 Methods: 293T cells were transfected with MARCH6 shRNA lentivirus. Fluorescence microscope was used to observe and verify the transfection efficiency. The initial effect of the MARCH6 gene knockdown in MCF-7 cells was observed via fluorescence microscope. Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of MARCH6. MTT and BrdU assay were used to examine cell proliferation, and staining flow cytometry was used to analyze cycle distribution of MCF-7 cells.
 Results: MARCH6 shRNA lentivirus was successfully transfected and about 80% of the cells expressed green fluorescent in comparison of the control. About 90% of the cells showed green fluorescence. The mRNA and protein in MCF-7 cells were transcription and expression of protein was significantly decreased after the transfection of MARCH6 shRNA lentivirus accompanied by a decrease in MCF-7 cell proliferation (P<0.01). Flow cytometry showed that the cell cycles were inhibited at the G1 phase and the proliferation index was significantly reduced.
 Conclusion: Knockdown of MARCH6 gene by RNA interference inhibits the proliferation of MCF-7 cells, suggesting that the expression of MARCH6 promotes proliferation of breast cancer cells through regulation of the cell cycle.
Adenocarcinoma ; genetics ; Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Division ; Cell Proliferation ; genetics ; Female ; G1 Phase ; genetics ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Lentivirus ; MCF-7 Cells ; physiology ; Membrane Proteins ; physiology ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transfection ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases ; physiology