The development of rural hygiene is not only the key to build the well-to-do society in an all-round way,but also has a vary important ethics meaning.To solve a great deal of social medical problems faced in countryside,we must set up the health care system in conformity with new medical mode,make the rual community's health service well,and take feasible measure to steady rural hygiene team.

OBJECTIVE To find out the situation of the usage of antimicrobials in type Ⅰand type Ⅱ operations during perioperative period and to evaluate the rationality of use. METHODS To check 472 examples of medical record data of discharged patients with type Ⅰand type Ⅱ operations in each department during from Apr to Jun and from Aug to Oct 2006,and make statistics and analysis according to application rate of antibacterial drugs, examining rate of the samples, drug usage by experiences and postoperative infection rate. RESULTS The application rate of antibacterial drugs during perioperative period in our hospital was high;the examining rate of correlated samples was low;the choice of antibacterial drugs mainly depended on experience;the sensitivity of the chosen antibacterial drugs was not strong;the duration of prophylactic drug usage was too long;and the postoperative infection rate was high. CONCLUSIONS It is very important to strengthen standardized administration of prophylactic antibiotic usage during perioperative period in our hospital.

Objective:To measure the voice samples of the normal aged in order to systemically study the fea-tures of the voice changes. Method :To collect and analyze 146 voice samples of the normal aged with sonogram.Result:The fundamental frequency of the voice of the aged decreases and rises in the male more than 80 yearsolder. The low frequency harmonics are regulation and the intensity is strong in the formant of the aged. Thedifference reduces in voice between male and female. The harmonics to noise ratio tends downwards and the am-plitude perturbation quotient tends upwards along with the growth of age in the aged male. The changes of the above-mentioned parameters are not significant in the aged female. Conclusion:The voice changes are normalphysiological ones in the normal aged. The changes of the parameters are used to evaluate normal aged voice andabnormal one. The changes show that the function in the aged phonation tends to decline to a certain extent andit must be protected and be trained.

Objective: to measure anxiety status and explore integrated factors about anxiety of countrywomen in Shaanxi, then put forward to suggestions for improving women's mental health under the bio - psycho - social medical model. Methods: A cross - sectional survey was adopted. 592 married countrywomen volunteers were selected by cluster random sampling from Chang'an district of Xi'an in Shaanxi province. Self - rating anxiety scale, Self - rating depression scale and Life events scale were used for assessment of mental health of the subjects. Additional, gynecologic examinations were done to measure personal reproductive health status. Results: The facts of mental status of Shaanxi rural women brook no optimism. Among the 592 samples that were investigated in current study, 25. 3% have anxiety symptoms. For the study population, the average total index score of SAS was 34. 34. Further analysis revealed that dysmenorrhea, menarche age and depression are main risk factors influencing women's anxiety status. In addition, married countrywomen's anxiety is related to sexual intercourse satisfaction, uterus motion and per capita health care spending, etc.

OBJECTIVE: To establish GC-MS fingerprint of volatile oil from Citrus aurantium. METHODS: GC-MS method was adopted. The determination was performed on RTX-5MS capillary column with injector temperature of 250 ℃, high pure helium as carrier gas(≥99. 999％), flow rate of 1. 0 mL/min, split ratio of 10:1,and sample size of 1 μL (temperature programming). Mass spectrum condition included electron bombardment ion source, ion source temperature of 230 ℃, detector temperature of 250 ℃, 3 min solvent delay, scanning range of m/z 35-550. GC-MS chromatograms of 21 batches of volatile oil samples were determined using Laurene as reference. The similarity of them was evaluated by using TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System (2004 A edition), and common peak was determined. The components of common peak were determined by LC Solution 2 mass database (NIST05. LIB and NIST05s. LIB). Relative content of common peak was determined with area normalization. RESULTS; There were 20 common peaks in GC-MS chromatograms of 21 batches of volatile oil samples, and the similarity was higher than 0. 90. After validation, GC-MS chromatograms of 21 batches of volatile oil samples were in good agreement with control fingerprint. The main constituents of the volatile oil of C. aurantium were Limonene, Terpinene, Laurene and D-Cadinene. CONCLUSIONS: Established fingerprint can provide reference for identification and quality evaluation of volatile oil of C. aurantium.