Objective:To measure the voice samples of the normal aged in order to systemically study the fea-tures of the voice changes. Method :To collect and analyze 146 voice samples of the normal aged with sonogram.Result:The fundamental frequency of the voice of the aged decreases and rises in the male more than 80 yearsolder. The low frequency harmonics are regulation and the intensity is strong in the formant of the aged. Thedifference reduces in voice between male and female. The harmonics to noise ratio tends downwards and the am-plitude perturbation quotient tends upwards along with the growth of age in the aged male. The changes of the above-mentioned parameters are not significant in the aged female. Conclusion:The voice changes are normalphysiological ones in the normal aged. The changes of the parameters are used to evaluate normal aged voice andabnormal one. The changes show that the function in the aged phonation tends to decline to a certain extent andit must be protected and be trained.

Objective To explore the clinical results and operation experiences for benign breast mass by ultrasound guided mammotome minimally invasive biopsy system (MMIBS). Methods 212 benign breast masses in 186 patients were resected by ultrasound guided MMIBS. Clinical data of 186 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results Needle position in 186 patients was visualized. Lesions were completely removed in 134 cases of 186 (72%) patients. The complete resection rate for tumors on major pectoral muscle or near areola were 31.5% (6/19) and 33.3% (4/12) respectively. Identified by postoperative ultrasound, 118 out of 134 patients (88.0%) with tumor sizes 0.5 to 2.5 cm and 16 out of 38 patients (42.1% ) with sizes 2.5 to 3.0 cm were completely removed. No lesions larger than 3.0 cm were completely removed. All 52 cases in which the tumors were not completely removed by MMIBS were converted to open surgery. Ultrasound follow-up after 4 weeks showed that all the 134 cases that had had masses completely removed had no residual masses, whereas 6 months after operation, 16 out of the 112 cases proved tumor recurrent necessitating open reoperation in 6 cases and second MMIBS operation in 10 cases, among them one case recurred after six months and received open operation. Conclusions For small benign breast mass, MMIBS has therapeutic effect with significantly minimal invasion.

Objective:To explore the causes of high noise exposure in PICU, and to provide reference for formulating effective intervention measures to improve the status of noise exposure.Methods:With phenomenological method, eleven nurses of Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine from August to September 2020 were enrolled by purposive sampling method, and joined face-to-face and semi-structured interviews with researchers. Interview data were analyzed by Colaizzi 7-step analysis method.Results:Four themes were extracted, including the characteristics of PICU, difficulty in equipment alarm management, the crying of children which was difficult to appease, and the low level of knowledge, attitude and practice of noise management of medical staff.Conclusions:High noise exposure of PICU is caused by many reasons. Researchers and managers can optimize the equipment alarm management, implement ideal analgesia and sedation and humanistic care, and carry out noise management training to improve the noise exposure in PICU and the quality of clinical nursing.

Objective:To study the changes in serum small molecule metabolites after brucella infection in humans using untargeted metabolomics methods, and screening representative biomarkers. Methods:A total of 109 serum samples collected from January 2019 to December 2021 at the Brucellosis Clinic of the Baotou Center for Disease Control and Prevention were divided into acute phase group ( n = 40), chronic phase group ( n = 35) of brucellosis, and healthy group ( n = 34) based on clinical diagnosis. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry technology was used to test serum samples and screen for differential metabolites. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the predictive ability of differential metabolites for brucellosis. Enriched pathways were screened using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway to identify metabolic pathways significantly affected. Results:A total of 17 differential metabolites were screened between the acute phase group and the healthy group, and 12 differential metabolites were screened between the chronic phase group and the healthy group. There were a total of 5 differential metabolites (oleamide, linoleamide, stearamide, palmitoleic acid, α-linolenic acid) statistically significant among the three groups ( F = 16.84, 17.52, 14.31, 13.01, 20.76, P < 0.05). KEGG pathway analysis showed that the differential metabolites in the acute phase group were enriched in metabolic pathways such as ether lipid metabolism, glycerophosphate metabolism, sphingolipid signal and sphingolipid metabolism. The differential metabolites in the chronic phase group were enriched in metabolic pathways such as glycerophosphate metabolism, ether lipid metabolism, protein digestion and absorption metabolism. Conclusion:Untargeted metabolomics methods can screen out serum small molecule metabolites that undergo changes after brucella infection in the human body, including oleamide, linoleamide, stearamide, palmitoleic acid, α-linolenic acid can serve as potential biomarkers to distinguish brucellosis patients from healthy people.