Objective To observe the effect of IL 11 on graft versus host disease and graft versus leukemia after allogenic bone marrow transplantation and related mechanism in acute lymphoblastic leukemic (ALL) mice. Methods Twenty nude mice and 20 BABL/c mice were randomly divided into 2 groups separately, total 4 groups. Group A and C, nude mice and BABL/c mice control group respectively; Group B and D, nude mice and BABL/c mice experimental group. The mice in the experimental groups were subjected to the subcutaneous injection of IL 11 2 days before transplantation and 7 days after transplantation, while those in the control groups not to IL 11. The effects of IL 11 on CD4 + and CD8 + T cells before and after transplantation in ALL mice were evaluated by flow cytometry. The survival time of ALL mice after marrow transplantation was recorded. The GVHD pathological changes of liver, spleen and intestine in ALL mice after transplantation were observed. The level of tumor necrosis factor ? (TNF ?) was detected by ELISA. Results In group D, IL 11 could significantly decrease the number of CD4 + T cells and increase CD8 + T cells simultaneously. IL 11 could obviously prolong the survival time, delay and relieve GVHD, and decrease the level of TNF ? in ALL mice after transplantation. Conclusion IL 11 could alleviate GVHD and retain GVL effect after allogenic bone marrow transplantation.

OBJECTIVE:To study the incidences and drug-resistance characteristics of bacteria infections that with ESBLs production for references of clinical medication.METHODS:Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from 2001to 2004 were subjected to ESBLs detection.The incidence of infection of each year was compared and the susceptibility test was performed by K-B paper disk method.RESULTS:Bacterial infection incidences caused by ESBLs-producing E.coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae increased year by year.Strains with ESBLs producution showed lower sensitivity to antibiotics than those without.E.coli and K.pneumoniae that with ESBLs productions showed the lowest drug resistance rates, which stood at 1.9%and 2.9%,respectively.Their drug resistances to piperacillin/tazobactam were 26.2% and 20.5%,respectively and 33.6% and 35.2%,respectively to amikacin.CONCLUSION:Carbapenem antibiotics are the optimal choice in the treatment of bacterial infections that with ESBLs production.

OBJECTIVE: To study the drug resistance of baumanii so as to provide references for rational use of antibiotics in the clinic. METHODS: The susceptibility test results of 270 strains of baumanii isolated from clinical samples in our hospital during the period of 2001-2004 were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: The isolating rate of baumnii stood at 16.6% , which had no drug resistance strains to piperacillin/tazobactam; its drug resistance rates to lmipenem and ampicillin/sulbactam stood at 16.3% and 22.6%, respectively; its drug resistance rates to amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid stood at 33.3%; which had higher drug resistance rates to the other antibacterials, particularly to cephalosporins. CONCLUSIONS: To reinforce the monitoring on the drug resistance of baumanii and to standardize the application of antibacterials are helpful for the maintaining of antibacterial activity of sensitive antibacterials.

To study the effects of tetrandrine (Tet) on hypertrophied myocardial hydroxyproline content and myosin ATPase activity, left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH) was induced by renovascular hypertension (two-kidney, one-clip) in rats. Eight weeks after operation Tet 50 mg*kg-1*d-1 and enalapril(Ena) 6 mg*kg-1*d-1 were given by gavage for 8 weeks. The results showed that hydroxyproline content in LVH group was much higher than that of sham-operated one 〔(5.9±0.3) vs (3.6±0.4) mg*g-1 dry weight〕, and was decreased by 28.2% and 39.0% in Tet and Ena groups, respectively. Myosin ATPase activity in LVH group was much lower than that of sham-operated group 〔(0.43±0.09) vs (0.97±0.06) mmol Pi*min-1*g-1 protein, P<0.01〕. In Tet and Ena groups they were 60.5% and 118.6% higher than that of LVH group, respectively. The results suggest that Tet or Ena partially reduce the hydroxyproline content and elevate myosin ATPase activity of hypertrophied myocardium in renovascular hypertensive rats.

Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic values of Clusterin, CXCL13, Podoplanin (D2-40), CD21 and CD35 in follcular den-dritic cell sarcoma. Methods The expression levels of 10 cases of follcular dendritic cell sarcoma ( FDCS) and 12 types of FDCS mimics (83 cases in total) were investigated by immunohistochemical methods, the latter including solitary fibrous tumor, leiomyosar-coma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor and others. The diagnostic validities of the five biomarkers were compared. Results ( 1 ) The positive rates of Clusterin, CXCL13, D2-40, CD21 and CD35 in the FDCS group were 100%, 70%, 60%, 90% and 80%, respec-tively, the corresponding rates in the control group were 30%, 4%, 11%, 2% and 0 in turn. (2) The five biomarkers could be cate-gorized into 3 groups, according to their diagnostic values in FDCS. The first group included CD21 and CD35, which had much higher sensitivities (90%, 80%), specificities (100%, 98%) and accuracies (98%, 96%), compared with the other biomarkers. The second group included CXCL13 and D2-40, which had a relatively lower sensitivities (70%, 60%), specificities (96%, 89%) and accuracies (94%, 86%), compared with CD21 and CD35. The third group included Clusterin, which had the highest sensitivity (100%), while the specificity (70%)and accuracy (73%) were inferior to the first and second groups. (3) The diagnostic values of CD21 and CD35 combination were 100%, 98%, 98%, 83% and 100%, respectively. Conclusions (1) CD21 and CD35 are the most valuable biomarkers for FDCS. The combined diagnostic effect of the two markers is generally superior to that of single marker. (2) Clusterin has the highest sensitivity for FDCS. However, the frequent expression in FDCS mimickers restricts its diagnostic values for FDCS. (3) CXCL13 and D2-40 may be used as a marker for FDCS, but are not recommended as the first selection based on their diagnostic performance. (4) On the reasons that FDCS mimickers may not uncommonly express Clusterin and D2-40, and rarely show positivity for CD21 or CXCL13, more attention should be paid to the phenomenon to avoid misdiagnosis.

A simple and rapid method was established for the determination of the content of L-malic acid in fermentation liquor. This procedure includes six steps: (1) Use a microi- njector to inject the fermentation liquor quantitively on the filter paper, then use the chromatography solution (n-butanol: formic acid: water=8:1.5:1) for paper chromatography. (2) Atomize the display reagent (10ml 0.02?10~(-2) bromocresol green: 0.2ml 10?10~(-2) sodium hydroxide) on the chromatography paper. (3) Scissor off L-malic acid spots from the paper and put in into 5 ml distilled water for three hours. (4) In 1ml eluent, add 6 ml 96?10~(-2) sulphuric acid and 0.1ml 1.0?10~(-2) ?-naphthol.(5) Heat the reaction system in 100℃ water for sixty minutes. (6) After cooling determine the optical density at the wavelength 476 am in the colorimeter.

Objective To discuss the method of implant for alveolar bone deficiency.Methods 37 cases of bone deficiency were chosen to use maxillary sinus augmentation,localized management of sinus floor,autologous jaw chips transplantation,alveolar bone distraction.Results All of the implants osseointegration except 1 implant loosed because of improper prosthesis.Conclusion All of the methods above provide can good ways for wider indication of implantation.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs with regulatory functions. Traditionally, miRNAs are thought to play a negative regulatory role in the cytoplasm by binding to the 30UTR of target genes to degrade mRNA or inhibit translation. However, it remains a challenge to interpret the potential function of many miRNAs located in the nucleus. Recently, we reported a new type of miRNAs present in the nucleus, which can activate gene expres-sion by binding to the enhancer, and named them nuclear activating miRNAs (NamiRNAs). The discovery of NamiRNAs showcases a complementary regulatory mechanism of miRNA, demon-strating their differential roles in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Here, we reviewed miRNAs in nucleus to better understand the function of NamiRNAs in their interactions with the enhancers. Accord-ingly, we propose a NamiRNA–enhancer–target gene activation network model to better under-stand the crosstalk between NamiRNAs and enhancers in regulating gene transcription. Moreover, we hypothesize that NamiRNAs may be involved in cell identity or cell fate determina-tion during development, although further study is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms in detail.

Objective To evaluate the effect of ulinastatin on acute kidney injury in the pediatric patients undergoing living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT).Methods Forty pediatric patients with congenital biliary atresia,aged 5-14 months,weighing 5.5-10.0 kg,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅲ or Ⅳ,scheduled for elective LDLT,were divided into either control group (group C,n=20) or ulinastatin group (group U,n=20) using a random number table.Ulinastatin 20 000 U/kg was diluted to 10 000 U/ml in normal saline and then intravenously infused in 2 parts (1/2 was given immediately before skin incision;1/2 at 5 min before portal vein declamping) in group U.The equal volume of normal saline was given instead of ulinastatin at the same time points in group C.Immediately before skin incision (To,baseline),at 30 min of anhepatic period (T1),at 1 h of neohepatic period (T2),at the end of surgery (T3) and at 24 h after surgery (T4),blood samples from the central vein and urine specimens were collected for determination of creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations in serum (by colorimetric assay) and β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) concentrations in serum and urine (using immunoturbidimetric method).The urine volume,requirement for dopamine and diuretics and occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events (hypotension,myocardial ischemia,ventricular premature beat)were recorded during surgery.The changing rates of Cr,BUN and β2-MG concentrations in serum and β2-MG concentrations in urine were calculated at T1-4.Results Compared with group C,the urine volume was significantly increased,Cr and β2-MG concentrations in serum,β2-MG concentrations in urine and the changing rates were decreased at T2-4,serum BUN concentrations and the changing rates were decreased at T3,4 (P＜0.05 or 0.01),and no significant changes were found in the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events or requirement for dopamine and diureitcs in group C (P＞0.05).Conclusion Ulinastatin can attenuate acute kidney injury in the pediatric patients undergoing LDLT.

Aim To observe the effect of methotrexate (MTX) on proliferation, migration and apoptosis of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Methods Rabbit thoracaortic VSMC were cultured in vitro.VSMC proliferation was evaluated by cell counting and cell cycle analysis. Monolayer cell scrape was used to observe VSMC migration. Apoptosis was observed with flow cytometry, DNA gel electrophoresis and TUNEL stain. Results MTX (25～100 nmol?L -1) inhibited VSMC proliferation in a dose-dependent manner.25 nmol?L -1 and 50 nmol?L -1 MTX increased the percentage of the S phase cells and decreased the percentage of the G 2/M phase cells (P