Objective:To investigate the potential pro-apoptotic activity of arsenic trioxide (ATO) in human leukemia HL-60 cells,as well as the potential mechanism with focus on mitochondrial pathway.Methods:After treatment with different concentrations of ATO (1 μg/mL,5 μg/mL or 10 μg/mL) for 24 h,apoptotic cell death was detected by flow cytometry,oxidative stress was determined by measuring MDA and GSH levels,the expression of apoptotic factors was detected by western blot,and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was determined by immunofluorescence staining.Results:ATO at the concentrations of 5 μg/mL or 10 μg/mL induces apoptotic cell death and increases oxidative stress in human leukemia HL-60 cells.ATO significantly increases the expression of pro-apoptotic factors (Bax and Caspase-3),whereas decreases the expression of anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2.Compared with the control group,ATO treatment significantly decreases the MMP level in HL-60 ceils.Conclusions:Arsenic trioxide induces apoptotic cell death through mitochondrial pathway in human leukemia HL-60 cells.

Objectives To investigate serum levels of B cell activating factor(BAFF)in Chinese patients with polymyositis(PM)or dermatomyositis(DM),and analyze the correlation of BAFF with autoantibodies and clinical phenotypes.Methods Serum BAFF levels of 28 PM patients and 30 DM patients(study group),and 25 matched healthy controls(control group)were measured by ELISA.Serum anti-Jo-1 antibody levels were also measured by ELISA in all the subjects.The results of the two groups were compared by unpaired t test and the relevance was analyzed by Pearson's correlation analysis.Results Serum levels of BAFF in PM/DM patients were significantly higher compared to healthy controls(P =0.000),but there was no statistically significant difference between the PM and DM patients(P ＞ 0.05).Patients with interstitial lung disease(ILD)had significantly higher serum BAFF level than the patients without ILD(P =0.000)or the controls(P =0.000).Serum BAFF levels of patients with positive antinuclear antibody(ANA)were significantly higher than those with negative ANA(P =0.003).For patients with anti-Jo-1 antibodies,the serum BAFF levels were correlated with the serum concentration of anti-Jo-1 antibodies(r =0.799,P =0.006).Conclusions Serum levels of BAFF are increased in Chinese PM/DM patients.These findings indicate that BAFF may be possibly enrolled in the pathogenesis of PM/DM.Detecting serum BAFF levels could have some implication for the diagnosis and treatment of PM/DM.

Objective To investigate the quality of autoantibody testing around the whole country.Methods Laboratories that perform autoantibody testing were recruited by letters or telephone communications.The auto-antibodies examined by the quality-control survey included anti-nuclear antibody (ANA),anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibody,anti-extractable nuclear antigens (anti-ENA),antimitochondria antibody (AMA),anti-smooth muscle antibody (ASMA),and anti-citrulline antibody (CCP).Each autoantibody was tested for 3 samples,so 15 samples were tested in total.Sample distribution and data analysis were double-blinded.Qualitative interpretation,staining patterns were evaluated by IIF.The agreement with qualitative interpretation for each specimen was evaluated by ELISA,and Immuno-Blot/Dot-Blot.Results One hundred and eight laboratories participated in this study.The testing methods included indirect immumofluorescence (IIF),immuno-Blot (IB),Dot-Blot (DB),double diffusion method (DID),enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),chemo-illuminescent assay,Dot-immunogold filtration assay.The accuracy rates were 82％,83％,95％,96％,86％,respectively for ANA,anti-dsDNA,AMA,ASMA,and anti-CCP antibody.Anti-ENA were further divided into anti-SNP,anti-Sm,anti-SSA,anti-SSB,anti-Scl-70 subgroups,and the accuracy rates were 84％,95％,98％,98％,88％,respectively.The distribution of quantitative values by different laboratories for ANA (by IIF),anti-dsDNA,anti-CCP antibody (by ELISA) varied remarkably.Conclusion Hospitals that enrolled in the survey and the items involved for quality control were increasing year by year.The accurate rates of ANA,anti-dsDNA in this survey were similar to the past national quality control surveys,the quality of AMA/ASMA,anti-CCP antibodies test was better than that of the past surveys,but the quality of anti-ENA antibodies test needs to be improved.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of miR-520a in regulation ErbB4 expression and the biological behavior of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

METHODSThe role of miR-520a in regulating the expression of ErbB4 was investigated by Western blotting and luciferase reporter assay system. The effect of miR-520a on the proliferation and invasion of ESCC cells was detected by MTT and Transwell invasion assay, respectively.

RESULTSWestern blotting and luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-520a down-regulated the expression of ErbB4 in vitro. miR-520a significantly inhibited the proliferation and suppressed the invasion of ESCC cell line Eca109.

CONCLUSIONmiR-520a regulates the expression of ErbB4 and suppresses the proliferation and invasion of ESCC cells in vitro, suggesting its role as a tumor suppressor.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; metabolism ; Receptor, ErbB-4 ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the molecule mechanism of microRNA (miR)-138 in inhibiting invasion and migration of breast cancer by regulating epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT). Methods Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect expression of miR-138 after transfecting miR negative control simulacrum (miR-NC) and miR-138 simulacrum in human normal mammary epithelial cell (MCF-10A) and breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) from July 2017 to June 2018. MTT method was used to detect the breast cancer cell activity. Cell scratch test and Transwell test were used to detect the breast cancer cell migration distance and invasion rate. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of the EMT key molecules Vimentin, N-cadherin and E-cadherin after transfecting miR-138 simulacrum. Results The expression level of miR-138 in MCF-10A was significantly higher than that in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 (1.006 ± 0.009 vs. 0.324 ± 0.027 and 0.512 ± 0.068), and there was statistical difference (P<0.05);there was no statistical difference in the expression level of miR-138 between MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 (P>0.05). The breast cancer cell viabilities of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 at third and fourth day after transfecting miR-138 simulacrum were significantly lower than those of transfecting miR-NC (MCF-7: 0.514 ± 0.052 vs. 0.593 ± 0.061 and 0.643 ± 0.074 vs. 0.784 ± 0.081;MDA-MB-231:0.552 ± 0.043 vs. 0.614 ± 0.063 and 0.673 ± 0.074 vs. 0.792 ± 0.077), and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). The breast cancer cell migration distances and invasion rates of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 after transfecting miR-138 simulacrum were significantly lower than those of transfecting miR-NC (MCF-7: 0.572 ± 0.051 vs. 1.003 ± 0.012 and 0.624 ± 0.043 vs. 1.002 ± 0.007, MDA-MB-231:0.472 ± 0.051 vs. 1.003 ± 0.095 and 0.573 ± 0.044 vs. 1.004 ± 0.091), and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). The expressions of Vimentin and N-cadherin mRNA in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 after transfecting miR-138 simulacrum were significantly lower than those of transfecting miR-NC, but the expression of E-cadherin mRNA was significantly increased, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). Conclusions The expressions of miR-138 in both breast cancer cells decreased. Overexpression of miR-138 in breast cancer cell can inhibit proliferation, migration and invasion via regulating EMT.

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of digestive system, which has the characteristics of strong heterogeneity, rapid progress and poor prognosis. Liver metastasis of gastric cancer is the main cause of death of advanced gastric cancer. At present, the clinical treatment of gastric cancer mainly includes systematic treatment (systemic chemotherapy, targeted treatment, immunotherapy), surgical resection, interventional treatment and radiotherapy, but the therapeutic effects are not good, and liver metastasis of gastric cancer is lack of standardized treatment strategy. At present, the multi-disciplinary comprehensive treatment mode has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors, and has achieved good results. According to the clinical characteristics and surgical accessibility of liver metastasis of gastric cancer, the Chinese Gastrointestinal Surgery Expert Group divides it into three clinical types: resectable type, potential resectable type and non-resectable type. All kinds of clinical types of patients need multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment cooperation group experts to discuss and formulate individualized treatment plan.

Objective To explore nurse students' perceptions of the power dynamics in the teacher-student relationship during their clinical practice. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted on 15 nurse students using phenomenological methodology. Data were analyzed by Colaizzi′s sphenomenological procedure. Results Three core themes that emerged from the qualitative data:meanings of power; the desired power dynamics; enhancing the clinical learning experience. Conclusions The dominant theme in the participants' discourse is that teachers should possess more power than students in order to prevent students from causing harm to patients.The consensus is that the teacher's power in supervising students'clinical practice is necessary for the benefit of patient safety.

Objective To investigate the effects of microRNA-134 (miR-134) on the proliferation and apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its potential molecular mechanism.Methods Quantitative real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the differences of miR-134 expression between 10 cases of lung cancer tissues and normal lung tissues,and between normal human lung epithelial cell line BEAS-2B and lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549.miR-NC and miR-134 mimic were transfected into A549 cells.The effect of miR-134 on proliferation of A549 cells was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and colony form experiment.Flow cytometry was used to determine the effect of miR-134 on A549 cells apoptosis.The effect of miR-134 on the expression of P53 protein was detected by Western blotting.Results The relative expressions of miR-134 in NSCLC tumor tissues and adjacent tissues were 0.429 ± 0.126 and 0.971 ±0.183 respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t =7.742,P ＜0.001).The relative expressions of miR-134 in BEAS-2B cells and A549 cells were 1.013 ± 0.095 and 0.371 ± 0.068 respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t =17.377,P ＜ 0.001).The absorbance (A) values of A549 cells transfected with miR-mimic were 0.451 ±0.051 and 0.518 ±0.074 on the third and forth day respectively,and those of A549 cells transfected with miR-NC were 0.683 ± 0.041 and 0.815 ± 0.065 respectively.The proliferation ability of miR-mimic group was significantly lower than that of miR-NC group (t =12.965,P ＜ 0.001;t =9.535,P ＜ 0.001).The colony forming rates of A549 cells transfected with miR-NC and miR-134 mimic were 91.2％ ± 8.3％ and 38.6％ ±4.5％ respectively,and the colony forming rate of A549 cells in miR-134 mimic group was significantly decreased (t =17.617,P ＜0.001).The apoptosis rates of miR-134 mimic group and miR-NC group were 93.5％ ± 3.7％ and 85.4％ ± 2.0％ respectively,and the difference was significant difference (t =6.119,P ＜ 0.001).The relative expressions of P53 protein in miR-134 mimic group and miR-NC group were 1.816 ±0.173 and 0.992 ± 0.096 respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t =19.308,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion miR-134 can be an effective target for the treatment of NSCLC by increasing the protein expression of P53,inhibiting the viability and proliferation of tumor cells,and promoting the apoptosis of tumor cells.

Objective To explore the association between hearing loss and dysfunction of the vestibular end-organ in older individuals. To evaluate the common risk factors for hearing loss and otolith dysfunction. Meth-ods A total of 120 elderly patients without any vestibular symptoms were recruited in this study. They were divid-ed into two groups:a study group(patients with presbycusis)and a control group(patients without presbycusis). Audiological status was measured with pure tone audiometry and the saccular function was tested with cervical ves-tibular evoked myogenic potential(cVEMP). The results of cVEMP were calculated and compared between the two groups. Results Comparing to the control group,mean P1 and N1 latencies were significantly prolonged(t =4.67,4.59,P < 0.05)and the amplitudes were signi cantly reduced(t = 6.72,P < 0.05)in the study group. A sig-nificant correlation between hearing loss at high frequencies and reduced cVEMP amplitudes(r = -0.41,P < 0.05) were observed in the study group. Noise exposure was significantly associated with cVEMP amplitude(β = -0.52, P < 0.05). Conclusions Presbycusis may be accompanied by the hypofunction of saccular function without any vestibular symptoms,and the high frequency hearing threshold is closely related to the saccular function. Noise ex-posure appears to be related to both cochlear and saccular dysfunction.

Objective:To explore the independent risk factors that predict 10-year mortality in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:The baseline data from a prospective cohort study were analyzed and long-term follow-up were performed. Patients with confirmed diagnosis of stable COPD were consecutively enrolled in the outpatient clinic from January 2010 to December 2010, and were followed up until December 31, 2020. Cox regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors for all-cause mortality and mortality from respiratory causes in stable COPD patients.Results:A total of 182 stable COPD patients were enrolled and followed up for a median of 89 months. The 10-year mortality was 51.1%(93/182), and 9 patients died within one year. The leading cause of death was respiratory disorder, followed by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The risk factors independently associated with all-cause mortality included old age( HR=1.936,95% CI: 1.610~2.328, P<0.01), increased baseline COPD Assessment Test(CAT)( HR=1.331,95% CI: 1.049-1.689, P=0.02) and the increased CAT in one year( HR=1.314,95% CI: 1.197-1.420, P<0.01). The risk factors independently associated with respiratory cause mortality included increased baseline CAT( HR=1.719,95% CI: 1.026-2.880, P=0.04), emphysema index(LAA%)( HR=1.062,95% CI: 1.007-1.120, P=0.03), and one year inecreased CAT( HR=1.342,95% CI: 1.198-1.505, P<0.01)was a protective factor. Conclusions:Old age, baseline CAT, one year increased in CAT and LAA% were independent influencing factors for 10-year mortality of stable COPD patients.