Objective To explore pre-hospital delay factor of coronary reperfusion therapy for ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEAMI) patients presenting with non-chest pains. Methods A retrospective observation was conducted. The clinical data of STEAMI patients underwent emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) admitted to Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from August 2013 to August 2015 were analyzed. The patients were divided into chest pain group and non-chest pain group according to the presence of chest pain or not. Clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups, and incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), door-to-balloon time, door-to-electrocardiograms (ECG) time and ECG-to-balloon time were evaluated. Influencing factors of pre-hospital delay was analyzed by logistic multiple stepwise regression. Results A total of 259 patients with STEAMI were enrolled, including 154 patients with chest pain and 105 presented with non-chest pains. Compared with chest pain group, the patients in the non-chest pain group were older (years: 68.12±8.93 vs. 62.34±7.12, P < 0.05), less female (26.67% vs. 42.20%, P< 0.05), and had a higher past history of angina, stroke and heart failure (27.61% vs. 13.63%, 31.42% vs. 18.83%, 26.67% vs. 11.68%, respectively, all P < 0.05), and higher percentage of Killip ≥ Ⅲ patients (15.24% vs. 6.49%, P < 0.05), the lower ambulance use (26.67% vs. 44.81%, P < 0.01), longer hospitalization time (days: 12.50±2.89 vs. 9.50±2.67, P < 0.05), higher incidence of MACE (19.05% vs. 9.09%, P < 0.05), longer door-to-balloon time and door-to-ECG time (minutes: 159.01±51.21 vs. 115.31±36.74, 53.06±18.17 vs. 30.35±9.93, both P < 0.01). It was shown by logistic multivariate regression analysis that no-chest pain [odds ratio (OR) = 5.14, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 2.34-10.81, P < 0.001], age ≥ 65 years old (OR = 1.43, 95%CI = 0.93-2.99, P = 0.022), diabetes (OR = 1.57, 95%CI = 0.66-2.15, P = 0.015) and no-ambulance transport (OR = 1.55, 95%CI = 0.73-2.75, P < 0.001) were risks factors of coronary reperfusion delay ≥ 2 hours. Conclusions STEAMI patients presenting without chest pain showed higher incidences of MACE, longer time of ECG obtained and initial PCI time delay. Clinicians should try to reduce the delay time of the patients in order to improve patient survival rates.

In comparison with the clinical PET scanner,PET scanner for small animals puts forward a higher demand in spacial resolution and sensitivity. This article describes the development of the PET scanner for small animals and compares the characteristics of several kinds of contemporary typical PET scanners for small animals in different aspects based on the development of detectors. Meanwhile,it also introduces the development of the detectors designed for measuring depth of interaction (DTC) to reduce parallax error.

Objective To evaluate the usefulness of contrast enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of breast lesions. Methods Contrast enhanced ultrasound was performed after administration of SonoVue in 104 patients scheduled for surgical tumor removal. The enhancement morphology was classified as non, peripheral,homogeneous,regional,or heterogeneous enhancement based on distribution of enhancing areas. All breast lesions enhancement morphology were analyzed, and the diagnostic value of contrast enhanced ultrasound was calculated. Results The prevalence of non enhancement was significantly higher in benign lesions than in malignant ones(P = 0.013),and the prevalence of peripheral enhancement was significantly higher in malignant lesions than in benign ones (P = 6.02 × 10-7). Conclusions Contrast enhanced ultrasound is useful in diagnosis of breast lesions.

Objective To observe the clinical, mammographic and sonographic features of pure invasive lobular breast carcinoma (ILC), and to explore the value of combined imaging assessment of ILC. Methods Sonographic appearances of 55 patients of ILC were retrospectively reviewed in correlation with mammographic, pathologic and clinical findings, and the causes of false negative were analyzed. Results The main features found in clinical examination were mass (96.15%) and thickening in the size of breast (3.85%). The main mammographic features were spiculated or ill-defined mass (65.38%) and architectural distortion (23.08%). The most common sonographic patterns were mass (98.00%) and distortion (2.00%). The accuracy for detecting ILC of clinical examination, mammography and ultrasonography was 94.55%, 83.87% and 98.04%, respectively, while combining the three modalities, the detection rate increased to 100%. Conclusion Sonography has higher accuracy than mammography in detecting ILC. Combining clinical examination, mammography and ultrasonography can increase the pre-operative diagnostic accuracy of ILC.

Background and purpose:Three-dimensional power Doppler angiography (3D-PDA) is a new technique to investigate the vessels in the organs, but the research in thyroid is limited. The purpose of this research was to investigate three-dimensional power Doppler angiography (3D-PDA) in differentiating malignant from benign thyroid nod-ules.Methods:This study prospectively evaluated 103 lesions in 94 patients who were scheduled for surgery. The patients underwent preoperative 3D-PDA scanning. Analysis of the 3D-PDA characteristics includes blood flow pattern, the num-ber of blood vessels, the shape of vessels, the spatial distribution of the vessels, the existence of rich local blood flow within nodules or in the parenchyma surrounding the nodules. This study also analyzed the difference between the benign lesions and the malignant lesions.Results:There were 50 benign lesions and 53 malignant lesions. The sensitivity and specificity of irregular vessels, the asymmetry spatial distribution, rich local blood flow within nodules or in the parenchyma surround-ing the nodules were 64.2%, 96.0%; 56.0%, 88.0%; 54.7%, 96.0%; 60.4% and 94.0%, respectively. The sensitivity, speci-ficity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of 3D-PDA were 83.0%, 94.0%, 93.6%, 83.9% and 90.3%, respectively.Conclusion:3D-PDA provides a useful tool to investigate vascularization of thyroid leisions.This technique is feasible for clinical application and plays an important role in diagnosis of thyroid nodules.

Objective To investigate the multi -slice CT angiography(MSCTA)findings and explore the clinical value of cavernous transformation of the portal vein(CTPV).Methods CT and clinical materials of 29 cases CTPV were retrospectively analyzed.Results Portal vein obstruction and surrounding fine dialated portoportal collat-erals were found in all 29 cases,Gastroesophageal varices and abnormal hepatic perfusion signs were detected in 25 patients and 8 cases respectively.Pericholedochal venous plexus and cystic vein were dilated and varicose in 9 cases. Conclusion Multi -slice CT has an important clinical role in CTPV diagnosis and treatment,and it can be used to evaluate the the portal vein obstructed status,the collateral vessels,and the accompanied complications of CTPV.

Objective To evaluate and screen out the specific characters of thyroid nodules on grayscale and color Doppler ultrasonography. Methods One hundred and four thyroid nodules in 95 patients were studied with gray-scale and color Doppler ultrasound before surgery.According to the probability of malignancy,the main independent characters were screened out by Logistic regression analysis and then got the formula which could calculate the probability of malignancy.Results Fifty three nodules,included 44 hyperplasia,7 adenomas,1 switch granuloma and 1 Hashimoto's disease,were benign.Fifty one nodules,included 47 papillary carcinomas,3 medullary carcinomas,1 metastatic carcinomas,were malignant pathologically.The significant characters to differentiate malignant from benign were the shape,margin,border,halo,echostucture,echogenecity,echo uniformity,calcicum,bolood vessel shape and partial abnormal rich blood of thyroid nodules.After two variables logistic regression analysis,a fomula were worked out.Probability of malignancy=1/1+e-z,which z=-7.44+1.30×halo+1.05×calcicum+1.5×vessel shape.If a thyroid nodule with no halo,microcalcicum and irregular vessel shape,the probability of malignancy was 0.99,while with complete halo,no calcicum and regular vessele shape,the probability of malignancy of the nodule was 0.02.Conclusions The halo,calcium and blood vessel shape of thyroid nodules were three independent characters of thyroid nodules to predict malignant thyroid nodules on gray scale and color Doppler ultrasound.

Objective To determine the diagnostic value and clinical significance of sonographically detected fetal dysplastic kidney with normal amniotic fluid volume. Methods At the 2nd or 3rd trimester of gestation,the fetuses with unilateral or bilateral renal anomalies (ahnormal size,echo,shape or cyst of the kidney) and normal amniotic fluid volume received systemic ultrasound examination,autopsy or follow-up until after birth. The fetus with only dilated renal pelvis was not included. Results Eleven fetuses of dysplastic renal anomalies with normal amniotic fluid volume were identified by prenatal ultrasound. Among the five fetuses affected by unilateral multicystic kidney dysplasia (MCKD),the renal anomaly was isolated in four fetuses,and the other one was complicated with absence of the ipsilateral hand. One of the two fetuses of unilateral renal agenesis had no other associated anomaly and the other one was complicated with hydrocephalus,spina bifida,ipsilateral absent radius and single umbilical artery,correspongding to the VACTERL syndrome. Two fetuses of pelvic kidney and horseshoe kidney respectively was proved by postnatal ultrasound. One fetus was diagnosed as autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease(ADPKD)on the basis of multiple renal cysts and a positive family history,the fetus also had cardiac rhabdomyoma. One fetus of bilateral normal sized hyperechoic kidneys was proved to be renal dysplasia by autopsy. Conclusions Unilateral MCKD is the most common type of fetal renal dysplasia which can be detected by prenatal ultrasound with normal amniotic fluid volume. Based on the sonographic characteristics and the family history,most of the dysplastic renal anomalies can be diagnosed prenatally and the prognosis can be predicted.

AIM: The role of human interleukin-2(IL-2) signal peptide sequence in the effect of human Endostatin (hEndostatin) expression and secretion was investigated in HeG2 cells. METHODS: RT-PCR and Western-blotting were conduct to observe mRNA level difference of hEndostatin gene, its protein expression and secretion level difference between with hIL-2 signal peptide sequence and without it. RESULTS: mRNA level of hEndostatin gene in HepG2 (pBlast-hIL2-hEndo) cells was higher than that in HepG2(pBlast-hEndo)( P

Objective To evaluate the ultrasonographic (US) features and evolution of breast fat necrosis after cosmetic augmentation with autologous fat obtained by liposuction, to help distinguish fat necrosis from more ominous breast masses. Methods Breast sonography was performed on 38 patients underwent bilateral breast augmentation by autologous fat injection to evaluate the grafted fat tissues in interval of 3-6 month after the operation. Observations in follow up sonography included the sizes,positions, shape,echogenicity,margin features, calcifications and evolutions of the suspicious nodules in the breasts. Results Seventy-six nodules occurred in 25 of the 38 patients were detected after the fat graft. Among the 76 nodules,52 were cystic(68. 4%) ,8 were complex(10. 5%) and 16 were solid(21.1%). The analysis of the predominant features of the nodules sonographic appearances were as follows: all the nodules had no flow signal, 66 (86. 8%) had clear margins,54(71. 1%) had regular shapes,52 were cystic(68. 4%) ,63(82. 9% ) had no calcifications, 10(13. 2%) had egg-like calcifications,74(97. 4% ) had no halo,and the positions of the solid components in 8 complex nodules move following the change of the detected body position. There were 7 nodules with fat necrosis removed surgically and confirmed by pathology. Conclusions Breast ultrasound is an accurate and simple method to follow up the temporal changes of the fat nodules after autologous fat injection. It may help to avoid unnecessary biopsies.