BACKGROUND:Calcium sulfate bone substitute material has a good safety and biocompatibility, and possesses good strength after implantation to restore thoracolumbar mechanical strength and reduce vertebral height loss, and moreover, it may gradual y be degraded and absorbed. OBJECTIVE:To explore the influence of posterior pedicle screw fixation combined with calcium sulfate bone substitute material on the recovery of vertebral height after thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures. METHODS:Forty-two patients with thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures (T12-L3) were enrol ed to receive posterior pedicle screw fixation combined with calcium sulfate bone substitute, including 27 males and 15 females, aged 21-57 years. Al patients were fol owed-up for 12 months, and then anterior vertebral height, kyphosis Cobb angle, Oswestry disability index score and visual analog scale score before and after treatment were determined and compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At the end of fol ow-up, no local complications, no coagulation, no immune response and no screw breakage occurred;the anterior vertebral height, kyphosis Cobb angle, Oswestry disability index score and visual analog scale score were significantly improved (P<0.05). These findings indicate that the posterior pedicle screw fixation combined with calcium sulfate bone substitute can restore the vertebral height and promote functional recovery of patients with thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures.

Objective To observe the effect of tendon-bone healing after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction through BFGF and PDGF.Methods Based of seventy two healthy matured New Zealand white rabbits underwent ACL reconstruction.Devide three groups through different methods,group BFGF,group PDGF,group normal.Results The maximum loads of group BFGF and PDGF after 2 and 5 weeks are higher than group normal,there was significant difference in maximum loads (P <0.05).The max stiffness of group BFGF and PDGF after 2 and 5 weeks are higher than group normal,there was significant difference in maximum loads(P <0.05).Conclusion The group BFGF and PDGF can promote tendon-bone healing by increasing the vascularization and blood vessels of the tendon-bone interface and vascular endothelial growth factor.In biomechanics,group BFGF and PDGF can pro-mote maximum loads、max stiffness and hardness of tendon-bone healing.

Objective To study the growth suppressive effect of demethylation drug 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine on bladder tumor cells. Methods The growth suppressive effect of DAC on 4 transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) cell lines was measured using the Cell Proliferation Reagent WST-1 assay.The effects of DAC on apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest were analyzed by flow cytometric analysis. Caspase 3, 9 activities were analyzed by APOPCYTO Caspase Colorimetric Assay Kit and PCNA expression was also investigated by Western blot to clarify the mechanism of DAC against TCC. Results DAC inhibited the growth of all TCC cell lines tested in a dose-dependant manner, however,growth suppressive effect of DAC was independent of p53 status in TCC. DAC inhibited proliferation via inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest but not via inducing apoptosis. After treated with 0, 1 and 8 μmol/L DAC, cells of RTl 12 in G2/M phase was (36.3 ± 3.4) %, (46.2 ± 4.6) % and (56.5 ±6.2) %, TCCsup was (37.5 ± 3.8) %, (48.4 ±4.9) % and (60.1 ± 6.7) %, respectively. The expression of PCNA was decreased by DAC, but caspase3, 9 activities were not activated. Conclusion DAC could suppress the growth of TCC cells and might be a new strategy to treat bladder malignancy in the future.

Objective To investigate current dietary and dyslipidemia status of air force pilots.Methods Energy expenditure was calculated by using daily-activity-recording method.Dietary survey was performed through weighing method.Body measurements were carried out according to military criteria.Double agent enzymic method was used to detect blood lipid profiles.The results were compared in 1997 and 1982.t or x2 test was used for data analysis.Results Excessive energy consumption and highprotein and fat or low-carbohydrate intake was found in the participants.Energy from fat or carbohydrate accounted for 47.3％ and 37.9％,respectively.Obesity and overweight was found in 20.8％ air force pilots,and hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia occurred in 47.9％ and 17.7％,respectively.Conclusion Dietary pattern and energy metabolism are inappropriate in air force pilots as a result of dyslipidemia.

Objective Cervical radiculopathy treatment experts' consensus to establish radiculopathy type by using the modified Delphi method. Methods Use document retrieval method to review information and articles about the treatment guidelines and articles of cervical radiculopathy including domestic and international areas, established a protocol about clini?cal consensus of the treatments for cervical radiculopathy. This protocol included 23 questions (the effective proportion of non?operating therapy, neck immobilization, physiotherapy, pharmacologic treatment, surgical indications, contraindications, anteri?or surgical decompression, anterior surgical implants). We performed a modified Delphi survey in which current professional opinions from experienced experts, representing from almost all of the Chinese provinces, were gathered. And then we modi?fied the protocol according to those professional opinions. Three rounds were performed and finally we established consensus. Consensus was achieved with ≥70% agreement. Results The panel included 30 experienced experts. The recycling question?naire's quantity of three rounds were 30(100%), 24(80%) and 16(53.3%) respectively. After three expert assessments, there were 18 questions which achieved with≥70%agreement and these questions accounted for 64.3%(18/28) of all the questions. Consen?sus of the treatments for cervical radiculopathy was reached on 7 aspects, including:the effective proportion of non?operating thera?py (1 question), neck immobilization (1 question), physiotherapy (1 question), pharmacologic treatment (5 questions), surgical indi?cations (3 questions), contraindications (4 questions), surgery (3 questions). Conclusion This modified Delphi study had reached a consensus concerning several treatment issues on cervical radiculopathy which had strong representativeness of experts and good convergence of opinions. In the absence of high?level evidence, at present, these experts' opinion findings will guide health care providers to define appropriate treatment in their regions. Areas with no consensus provide excellent insight for future research.

Objective To study the nlanifestation and the clinical significance of the cerebral angiography of the isehemic cerebrovascular diseases.Methods Digital sublraction angiography(DSA)was taken in 312 patients with cerebral infarction and transient ischemic attack(TLA).The distribution of the lesion in the extra/intracranial arteries was compared.Results Cerebral angiography showed that the stenosis and occlusion was dominant in the intracranial arteries at the cerebral infarction in the internal carotid artery system and vertebrobasilar artery system[59.57%(56/94)and 61.90%(26/42)].TIA of internal carotid artery system was mainly because of stenosis of intracranial arteries (68.75%,22/32).TIA of vertebrobasilar artery system was mainly because of stenosis of extracranial arteries(61.70%,29/47).Conclusions The diseases of the intracranial arteries are the main causes of cerebral infarction(including internal carotid artery system and vertebrobasilar artery system) and TIA of internal carotid artery system. The diseases of the extracranial arteries are main causes of TIA of vertebrobasilar artery system.

Objective To study the role of dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in assessing early curative effect of rosuvastatin on carotid atherosclerotic plaques.Methods Twenty-five patients with lipid-rich necrotic core carotid atherosclerotic plaques received intensive rosuvastatin treatment (5-20 mg/d) for 2 years,and carotid artery DCE-MRI at baseline before treatment and at months 3,12 and 24 after rosuvastatin treatment.Their adventitial transfer constant (K) and fractional plasma volume (Vp) were measured and compared during the rosuvastatin treatment.Results The Vp was significantly smaller at months 3,12 and 24 after rosuvastatin treatment than at baseline before rosuvastatin treatment (0.09±0.05,0.07±0.04 and 0.06±0.05 vs 0.12± 0.06,P＜0.05) with a reduction of 25.0％ after 3 months of rosuvastatin treatment and a gradual reduction after 24 months of rosuvastatin treatment (P＜0.05).The adventitial K was mildly reduced after 24 months of rosuvastatin treatment (P＞0.05).Conclusion DCE-MRI can assess the early curative effect of rosuvastatin on carotid atherosclerotic plaques.

Sleep deprivation (SD) has a profound impact on the central nervous system, resulting in an array of mood disorders, including depression and anxiety. Despite this, the dynamic alterations in neuronal activity during sleep deprivation have not been extensively investigated. While some researchers propose that sleep deprivation diminishes neuronal activity, thereby leading to depression. Others argue that short-term sleep deprivation enhances neuronal activity and dendritic spine density, potentially yielding antidepressant effects. In this study, a two-photon microscope was utilized to examine the calcium transients of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) neurons in awake SD mice in vivo at 24-hour intervals. It was observed that SD reduced the frequency and amplitude of Ca2+ transients while increasing the proportions of inactive neurons. Following the cessation of sleep deprivation, neuronal calcium transients demonstrated a gradual recovery. Moreover, whole-cell patch-clamp recordings revealed a significant decrease in the frequency of spontaneous excitatory post-synaptic current (sEPSC) after SD. The investigation also assessed several oxidative stress parameters, finding that sleep deprivation substantially elevated the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), while simultaneously decreasing the expression of Nuclear Factor erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) and activities of Superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the ACC. Importantly, the administration of gallic acid (GA) notably mitigated the decline of calcium transients in ACC neurons. GA was also shown to alleviate oxidative stress in the brain and improve cognitive impairment caused by sleep deprivation. These findings indicate that the calcium transients of ACC neurons experience a continuous decline during sleep deprivation, a process that is reversible. GA may serve as a potential candidate agent for the prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment induced by sleep deprivation.

OBJECTIVE: To review the development of adult and pediatric liver transplantation in Tianjin First Center Hospital, and to enhance academic exchanges, improve technological innovation, and jointly promote the progress and maturity in the field of liver transplantation. METHODS: The development of liver transplantation in Tianjin First Center Hospital was analyzed. The clinical data of adult and pediatric liver transplantation from September 1998 to September 2018 were collected. The important events and technological innovation achievements of liver transplantation during the 20 years were summarized. RESULTS: The first clinical liver transplantation was attempted in Tianjin First Central Hospital in April 1980. The first long-term survival adult liver transplantation in China was completed in 1994 (11 years survival after the operation). The specialized team of liver transplantation was formally established in September 1998. The 20-year clinical exploration and progress reflected the characteristics of era changes and technological innovation during the rapid development of liver transplantation in China. Our center performed liver re-transplantation in January 1999, reduced-size pediatric liver transplantation in August 2000. In May 2001, we organized the formulation for the preventive and treatment plan for hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation. We performed combined liver and kidney transplantation in July 2002, split liver transplantation (SLT) in April 2004, the first domino liver transplantation (DLT) in August 2005. Pediatric living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) was initiated in October 2006, adult LDLT was carried out in August 2007. In September 2007, the first living donor combined liver and kidney transplantation from the same donor in Asia was performed. The first domino+living donor double grafts liver transplantation in the world was performed in January 2009. In March 2011, we performed laparoscopically assisted right hepatic lobe liver transplantation (LDLT) with middle hepatic vein. In May 2014, living donor laparoscopic left lateral lobe procurement was successfully established. In April 2016, simultaneous liver, pancreas and kidney multi-organ transplantation was completed. Domino donor-auxiliary liver transplantation was performed in February 2017. In December 2017, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)-supported liver transplantation in a patient with severe pulmonary hypertension was successfully completed. Liver transplantation combined with partial splenectomy was established in April 2018. Cross-domino liver transplantation (hypersensitive kidney transplantation with auxiliary liver transplantation+pediatric liver transplantation) was performed in May 2018. During the 20 years, the team has performed or assisted other centers in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen to carry out more than 10 000 cases of liver transplantations. A total of 7 043 cases of various types of liver transplantation were performed in the single center of the hospital (6 005 adult liver transplantations and 1 038 pediatric liver transplantations). Concerning adult liver transplantation, the cumulative 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival rate from September 1998 to March 2003 were 83.1%, 73.0% and 69.0%, from April 2003 to March 2009 were 85.3%, 76.2% and 72.1% and from April 2009 to September 2018 were 87.5%, 79.2% and 75.1%, respectively. The cumulative 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival rate for pediatric liver transplantation were 93.5%, 92.2% and 90.2%, respectively. The nucleoside (acid) analogue combined with low dose hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) was developed to prevent the recurrence of hepatitis B after liver transplantation, this plan has reduced the recurrence rate of hepatitis B and the 5-year re-infection rate of hepatitis B virus (HBV) after liver transplantation significantly. The risk assessment system for tumor recurrence after liver transplantation was established and individual treatment method was established based on this assessment system. Continuous exploration and improvement of liver transplantation for liver cancer, liver re-transplantation, liver transplantation with portal vein thrombosis, SLT, DLT and multi-organ combined transplantation have significantly improved the clinical efficacy of patients and the post-operative survival rate. CONCLUSIONS The liver transplantation team of Tianjin First Center Hospital has carried out a scientific and technological exploration on the key problems and technical difficulties of clinical liver transplantation. This work strongly has initiated and promoted the rapid development of liver transplantation in China. The restrictive barrier of hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation has been overcome. The risk prevention and control system of tumor recurrence after liver transplantation has been established. A series of innovative achievements that can be popularized have been achieved in the field of complex liver transplantation and expansion of donor liver source. The iterative progress and sustainable development of liver transplantation have been realized.
China ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation