Objective:To analyze the metastasis rule of abdominal lymph node from thoracic esophagus carcinoma. Methods:The abdominal lymph node data on 164 patients who had undergone resection of thoracic esophageal carcinoma were analyzed retro-spectively. Grouping was based on the upper, middle, and lower thoracic esophagus. Differences in tumor infiltration depth, differentiat-ed degree, pathological type, pathological stage, and metastasis rate of the abdominal lymph node among the three groups were com-pared. The metastasis rates of the abdominal lymph nodes among the different tumor infiltration depths, differentiated degrees, and path-ological types were also compared. Results:The base condition of tumor infiltration depth, differentiated degree, pathological type, and pathological stage has no statistical significance among the upper, middle, and lower thoracic esophagus. The metastasis rate of the ab-dominal lymph node also has no statistical significance among the three groups (upper, 6.9%;middle, 27.4%;and lower, 39.6%). More-over, the metastasis rate of the abdominal lymph node has no statistical significance among the different tumor infiltration depths, differ-entiated degrees, and pathological types. Conclusion:A special bound lymph node metastasis was present in the esophageal carcinoma. If the tumor in the upper thoracic esophagus infiltrated the submucosa, then it could bound metastasize down to the abdominal lymph node by the lymphatic capillary net. The majority of the esophageal carcinoma was more than T1b period when diagnosed. The tumor has infiltrated the submucosa. Thus, early stage, well-differentiated, and upper thoracic esophageal carcinoma does not indicate mini-mal metastasis of the abdominal lymph node. Routine abdominal lymph node dissection through radical surgery for esophageal carcino-ma was necessary.

Objective To use three different methods in attempt to estimate the biological dose of the patient partially exposed to 192Ir source at5.7 accident in Nanjing,so as to provide dosimetric information for clinical remedy of exposed patients in the emergency of a nuclear accident.Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected on days 5 after exposure.The biological dose was estimated by the yields of dicentrics plus rings ( dic + r),cytokinesis-block micronuclei (CBMN) assay and nucleoplasmic bridge plus FHC (NPB + FHC).The homogeneity of radiation exposure was examined by Poisson distribution of dicentrics.Results By using three different methods,the whole body equivalent dose was dic + r estimated to be 1.51 Gy (95％ CI 1.40-1.61),1.47 Gy (95％ CI 1.36-1.60) by CBMN and 1.30 Gy (95％ CI 1.00-1.60) by NPB + FHC,respectively.A non-poisson distribution was also detected,suggesting partial body radiation exposure.Conclusions The estimated whole body equivalent dose ot a non-uniform radiation exposure was consistent with clinical diagnosis,suggesting that the yields ofdic + r,CBMN,as well as NPB + FHC,are efficient approaches to the estimation of biological doses.

Objective To explore the natural attenuation pattern of three biological dose estimation indexes in vivo by investigating the effect on biological dosimetry of peripheral blood sampling at different time points from the victim partially exposed to 192Ir radiation source at5.7 accident in Nanjing.Methods Peripheral blood of the patient was collected on days 5,40 and 280 after exposure,respectively.The yields of dicentrics plus rings chromosomes (dic + r),cytokinesis-block micronuclei (CBMN) and nucleoplasmic bridge + fusion + horse shoe + circular(NPB + FHC) were analyzed.The dynamic reduction and dose estimation were both observed using the biomarkers mentioned above after exposure.Results Compared to the estimates on days 5 after exposure,the dose values estimated on days 40 and 280 decreased by 34％ and 49％ fordic + r method,48％ and 79％ for the CBMN assay,and 48％ and 75％ for NPN + FHC method,respectively.Conclusions Three biological dose estimation indexes show a progressive decrease in vivo,with the half-life of dic + r/cell being 40 days.The doses estimated using these three indexes on days 40 after exposure showed a relative deviation more than 20％ compared with those on days 5 after exposure.

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with high selectivity to tilmicosin (TIM) were prepared using tylosin(TYL) as dummy template, methacrylic acid(MAA) as monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as cross-linker.The effects of 4 porogens including dimethyl formamide, methanol, acetone, and chloroform on the recognition capability of MIPs were investigated.Orthogonal test was used to optimize the preparation of MIPs, and the optimal composition was as follows; 1.0 mmol TYL, 8.0 mmol MAA, 20.0 mmol EGDMA, 6.0 mL chloroform, 20.0 mg azobisisobutyronitrile.The solid phase extraction condi tions and characteristics of MIPs as adsorptive material for the selective extraction and enrichment of TIM were also studied.The recovery of TIM was above 90% when the following procedure was applied to MIPs cartridge: conditioning with methanol and water(pH 9.0), loading with acetonitrile, cleaning with methanol and chloroform respectively, and eluting with 3 mL methanol-ammonia(95:5, V/V).The recovery of TIM on non-imprinted polymers cartridge was only 32%.

Objective To investigate the nutritional risks, undernutrition, and nutritional support among inpatients in tertiary hospitals in Tianjin using Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002). Methods Inpatients in six departments in two tertiary hospitals in Tianjin (Tianjin Nankai Hospital and Tianjin Chest Hospital ) were consecutively enrolled from March 2005 to March 2006. Their nutritional risks were screened using NRS 2002, and the nutritional support was investigated. Results A total of 1200 inpatients received nutritional screening, and 93.0% of them underwent NRS 2002 scoring. The prevalence of undernutrition was 9. 8% and the prevalence of nutritional risk was 42. 8%. Of these patients, 241 patients (46.4%) with NRS2002≥3 received nutrition support, and 244 patients (35.9%) with NRS2002 ＜3 received nutritional support Conclusions NRS2002 is suitable for nutritional risk screening among inpatients. Inpatients usually have nutritional risks or undernutrition. However, physicians at different levels in different regions have different awareness of such risks or conditions, and the clinical application of nutritional supports sometimes are inappropriate.

Objective To study the therapeutic effect of Ningxin Anshen Fang on insomnia, and regulative mechanism to the metabolic loop of glutamic acid (Glu)/γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-glutamine (Gln).Methods The model of insomnia was established by using modified multiple water platform sleep deprivation method in rats, and then all rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, diazepam group, Ningxin Anshen Fang low-dose group (low-dose group), Ningxin Anshen Fang mid-dose group (mid-dose group) and Ningxin Anshen Fang high-dose group (high-dose group).The general conditions were observed, sleep latency and sleep duration were observed by applying pentobarbital sodium (PS) cooperative sleep test, and model and curative effect of Ningxin Anshen Fang on insomnia were reviewed.The content of Glu and GABA in brainstem and hypothalamus was detected by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).The expressions of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and astrocyte glutamine synthetase (GS) in brainstem and hypothalamus were detected by using Western blot experiment.Results The sleep latency was significantly shortened, sleep duration was prolonged, GABA level in brainstem and hypothalamus was increased and ratio of Glu to GABA (Glu/GABA) was decreased by Ningxin Anshen Fang in insomnia rats.The expression of GAD in brainstem and hypothalamus was significantly promoted in all Ningxin Anshen Fang groups.Conclusion Ningxin Anshen Fang can affect the synthesis and decomposition Glu and GABA and expressions of Glu and GABA, and normalize the excitotary/inhibitory metabolic imbalance of Glu/GABA through regulating Glu/GABA-Gln metabolic loop, which may be related to that Ningxin Anshen Fang has the curative effects of calming heart and tranquillizing mind, and sedation and hypnosis.

Objective To synthesize a series of 13-acylmatrine derivatives and evaluate their in vitro antitumor activity . Methods Using sophocarpine as the starting material ,a series of new compounds were synthesized through Michael addition , Staudinger reduction and acylation .The structure of target compounds were confirmed by 1 H NMR and MS techniques .Their antitumoractivityagainsthumanhepatomacells(BEL-7404)andmicemelanomacells(K111)wereevaluated invitrobyMTT assay .Results We synthesized 9 compounds and all the compounds exhibited inhibitory activities against BEL-7404 and K111 . Conclusion Compound 4b and compound 4e exhibit good in vitro antitumor activity to human hepatoma cells (BEL-7404) .

Objective To explore the effects of Xingpi Jieyu Fang (XPJYF, Spleen-invigorating Depression-relieving Formula) on behaviors and mitochondria ultrastructure of hippocampus neurons and skeletal muscle in depressed rats.Methods Wister rats were randomly divided into five groups: blank control group, model group, sertraline group, XPJYF high-dose and low-dose groups.Chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)was applied to establish depression models in rats for 28 days.Intragastric gavage was used to offer corresponding medication in treatment groups or distilled water in model and blank control groups.Weight change, sugar/water preference test and open-field test were used to evaluate depressive behavior in rats.Changes in ultrastructure of mitochondria in hippocampus neurons and skeletal muscles of depressive rats were measured by using transmission-electron microscope.Results Compared with the blank control group, weight gain in model group rats was significantly slowed while the sugar/water preference rate and total moving distance of open-field test decreased significantly (P<0.01).The number of mitochondria in hippocampal neurons and skeletal muscle in the model group was also reduced with irregular swelling, fractured and fuzzy cristae as well as vacuolar degeneration.under the transmission-electron microscope Compared with the model group, body weight, total sugar/water preference rate, and total moving distance of open-field test in XPJYF high-dose, low-dose group and sertraline group were significantly increased (P<0.01).No swelling or vacuolar degeneration were observed in mitochondria of hippocampal neurons and skeletal muscle in XPJYF high-dose group, which were close to the normal level.Hippocampal neuron and skeletal muscle mitochondria of XPJYF low-dose group and sertraline group were slightly swollen with partly fractured and fuzzy cristae.Conclusion The mitochondria structure of hippocampal neurons and skeletal muscle were damaged in depression induced by chronic stress, which may be a key factor in severe fatigue and symptoms involving multiple systems.Xingpi Jieyu formula could improve depressive behavior and mitochondria structure damage in depressed rats.To some extent, the effects of high-dose Xingpi Jieyu formula were better than sertraline in improving depression of rats.

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of Candida albicans Int1 in regulating septin organization. Methods:A series of full-length and truncated fragments of Int1 were constructed and fused with green fluorescent protein (GFP). The intracellular localization of the fusion proteins was observed under a fluorescence microscope. The region in Int1 that was required for bud neck localization was identified. Full-length and fragments of Int1 were overexpressed in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the changes in cell growth, cell morphology and septin organization were investigated to determine the functional region in Int1 that mediated the interaction with septin. Moreover, the co-localization of the region and septin was analyzed. Results:The full-length Int1 consisted of 1 661 amino acid residues. A middle region of 209 amino acid residues, Int1-M4 (739-947 aa), that could be localized at the bud neck during both small and large bud periods was identified. Overexpression of Int1-M4 led to significant growth defects, elongated bud and disorganized septin. In the cells with elongated bud, Int1-M4 and septin with abnormal structures could be co-localized.Conclusions:Int1-M4 (739-947 aa), the middle region of Int1 containing 209 amino acid residues, mediated the bud neck localization and the interaction with septin, playing an important role in regulating septin organization.