Objective To investigate the application of education of nursing safety in nursing technique teaching.Methods 60 cases of new entry nursing personnel in our hospital from December 2009to June 2010 were divided into the observation group and the control group,the control group was given traditional teaching methods of training and evaluation,the observation group was given nursing safety education on the basis of the control group.The evaluation of teaching methods,the testing score 1 year later and incidence rate of adverse events between two groups were compared.Results The observation group believed that their ability in the discovery,analysis,solving of the problems of nursing safety was enhanced by teaching.Theoretical examination results between two groups had no significant difference.But technique assessment score in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group,the incidence of adverse nursing events was significantly lower than that in the control group.Conclusions The nursing safety education helps to improve the foresight ability in nursing safety,improve the occupational quality and ensure patients' safety.

BACKGROUND:The development of tissue engineering techniques provides new methods and ideas for the repair and functional reconstruction of articular cartilage defects.
OBJECTIVE:To summarize the research progress in the application of mesenchymal stem cel s, as seed cel s, in articular cartilage tissue engineering.
METHODS:A computer-based retrieval was performed to search articles describing articular cartilage tissue engineering and mesenchymal stem cel s published between January 1st, 2000 and September 30th, 2014 in PubMed database with the key words of“articular cartilage defects;cartilage tissue engineering;mesenchymal stem cel s”in English. Seventy articles were retrieved initial y, and only 49 were included in further analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The ability of the articular cartilage for defect self-repair is limited, and current clinical treatments cannot be satisfactory. Development of tissue engineering provides a new idea for problem-solving. In the selection of seed cel s, chondrocyte is limited to dedifferentiate, and embryonic stem cel is restricted by ethical, legal and other aspects. Autologous mesenchymal stem cel s, which are easy to be amplified
and exhibit excel ent cartilage differentiation potential, have gained widespread attention. But there is stil some controversy on the current application of tissue engineering techniques for repair of articular cartilage defects, including a certain gap between the long-term effects and the clinical applications. So the effect of mesenchymal stem cel s on biological structure and mechanical function stil needs further studies.

Objective To investigate the cognition of falling from doctors,nurses and patients in eight Chongqing local hospitals,and develop targeted health education to prevent the occurrence of falling events.Methods Based on data analysis of 368 falling cases from eight Chongqing local hospitals,a selfdesigned questionnaire was developed and used to investigate doctors,nurses and patients from these eight hospitals.1 393 questionnaires were returned,with a recovery rate of 97.69％.The method of t test,analysis of variance and Chi Square （x2) test were used for analysis.Results Nurses had highest recognition for falling features,doctor followed,patients with the lowest,the differences had statistical significance; Nurses' cognitive degree from Third-Grade A-Level hospital was above that of nurses from Second-Grade A-Level hospital,the differences had statistical significance; Doctors' cognition of hospitalization days when falling and susceptible population of falling was lower than that of nurses.Nurses thought falling tended to occur from nightfall to midnight.Conclusions Survey found that,the cognitions of falling from doctors,nurses and patients were different from actual results.Cognition were also different among three sides of them,according to the survey results,health education for different objects should be provided,raise everyone's awareness,thus using targeted falling prevention measures to reduce the incidence of falling.

Objective To explore the factors associated with quality of life(QOL)in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases(COPD).Methods Questionnaire was used to investigate 206 COPD patients,including demographic information,disease-related knowledge-attitude-practice and QOL scale.Results The total score of QOL in these patients was(64.70?14.78).There was statistically significant correlation between the quality of life and frequency of hospitalization in the past 2 years,marriage,education,course of disease by stepwise multiple regression analysis.Conclusion The quality of life in COPD patients is poor,especially in those who are spouseless,of longer disease course,of lower education degree,frequently hospitalized and insufficient for healthy practice.

BMPs(bone morphogenetic proteins.)were first identified as proteins that were able to induce ectopic osteogenesis and were shown to enhance the osteogenic differentiation of both osteoblast-like and osteoprogenitor cells.Clearly the use of BMPs in orthopaedics is still in its formative stage,but the data suggest an exciting and promising future for the development of new therapeutic applications.Identification of a precise mechanism for the factors in the progression may be helpful for clinical treatments.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of budesonide combined with montelukast on treatment of children with cough variant asthma,and its influence on lung function and transforming growth factor-βl.Methods One hundred and seventeen children with cough variant asthma inXi'an Central Hospital from August 2013 to June 2016 were divided into control group and observation group.Fifty-nine children in control group were treated with aerosol budesonide,while 58 children in observation group were treated with montelukast based on control group.The lung function index including VC,FEV1,FEV1/FVC,and PEF pred％,TGF-β1,inflammatory factors including IgE,IL-8,TNF-α,and clinical symptom score in both groups were detected and analyzed before and after treatment.Results After two months of treatment,clinical symptom score in each group obviously decreased,and that in observation group was significantly lower than that of control group (P ＜ 0.05).The FEV1,FEV1/FVC,and PEF pred％ of two groups showed remarkable increase,and those in observation group were much higher than those of control group (P ＜ 0.05),while no conspicuous changes were detected in VC.Additionally,TGF-β1 of each group increased markedly,and that in observation group was much higher,while IgE,IL-8,and TNF-αin two groups showed obvious decrease,and those in observation group were significantly lower than those of control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Budesonide combined with montelukast had a great ability on treatment of children with cough variant asthma,and could significantly improve the lung function and levels of TGF-β1,and inhibit the levels of inflammatory factors.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are derived from differentiated somatic cells through reprogramming in vitro.Similarly to embryonic stem cells (ESCs),iPSCs have the ability of unlimited selfrenewal and multiple differentiation potential.But they are without the constraints of immunology and ethics and acquire conveniently.Patient-specific iPSCs provide an invaluable resource for disease modeling,drug discovery,regenerative therapy,immune therapy and cellular delivery vehicle in cancer therapy.Nowadays,the application of iPSCs technology has made some progress in the treatment of tumors.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.23.017

Objective To understand the psychological needs of old people in nursing homes,so that more humanistic services will be supplied to old people,and hopefully to facilitate the management of the nursing home facilities.Methods Field research method was used in this paper in four nursing homes in Chongqing City.Data were collected by observation and interview.Results Data were coded and translated into three themes:wishing to be listened,especially the new resident; eager to be more respected and the feeling of being at home; the most important thing was happiness.Conclusions To concern the psychological needs of old people in nursing homes and supply corresponding service have a significant meaning for improving the survival state and their life quality,as well as increase service level.

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) can directly act on tumor cells to inhibit their growth,and could also migrate to the tissue lesions and tumor tissues to transfer and express many kinds of anti-cancer factors.Numerous researches have applied MSCs as carriers of drugs to induce apoptosis,inhibit differentiation of tumor cells and inhibit tumor angiogenesis,and have got outstanding antitumor results.