The biological effects of Songzike acidic polysaccharide (ST90) were studied in vivo and vitro. It was found that ST90 had distinct antineoplastic, antibacterial and antiviral effects.I markedly inhibits proliferation of S180 solid tumor in mice and reduces the mortality of mice infected by Salmonella typhimurium, and shows a protective effect on FL cells infected with adva、adv7, vsv and CB4.

Objective To study the epidemic characteristics of falls among older female adults.Methods Stratified random sampling was applied in this study.Totally 969 elderly female adults aged 60 years and over from communities of Changning district were recruited and self-designed questionnaire was used in survey.Results Among 969 interviewees,238 (24.6％) had an injury in the past years,and 4.7％ had more than one fall.Among those who fell in the past year,84.5％ had suffered from different kinds of fall-related injury with injury incidence of 20.7 ％,and 32.4 ％ suffered from fracture with the fracture rate of 7.9％.There was a significant difference in fall incidence between different age groups,and the incidence increased with aging (x2 =30.26,P＜0.01).After a fall,71.6％ cases needed certain medical service,and 11.8％ were hospitalized for treatment.Among those suffered from fall-related injury,the activities of 29.3％ patients were decreased,and 3.0％ lost the ability to live independently.Most falls (31.2％) occurred at home.Among those,61.8％ of patients considered the reason of their falls was the interaction between intrinsic hazards and environmental hazards.Conclusions High incidence and severe consequence of fall appear among elderly female adults.More attention should be paid to this population.

AIM: To explore the protein levels of chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) and vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF)-C in breast carcinoma , and to investigate the effects of CCR 7 and VEGF-C on prognosis of breast carcinoma.METHODS:The protein expression levels of CCR 7 and VEGF-C in the breast carcinoma tissues and normal breast tissues were detected by the method of immunohistochemistry .At the same time, the relationship between clinico-pathologic characteristics and the protein expression of CCR 7 and VEGF-C in the breast carcinoma tissues was analyzed . The relationship between the protein expression of CCR 7 and VEGF-C and survival time of the breast cancer patients was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method.RESULTS:The positive expression rates of CCR 7 and VEGF-C in the breast carcino-ma tissues were significantly higher than those in the normal breast tissues (P<0.01).A positive correlation was observed between the protein expression of CCR7 and the protein expression of VEGF-C in the breast carcinoma tissues (r=0.613, P<0.01).The protein expression of CCR7 and VEGF-C was correlated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (P<0.05), but both were not related to patients ’ age, primary tumor size, estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor .The survival time of the patients with CCR 7 and VEGF-C positive expression was significantly shorter than that of the patients without the expression (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The positive expression of CCR7 and VEGF-C proteins is associated with the prognosis of breast cancer , and combined detection of CCR 7 and VEGF-C protein expression levels may be helpful to judge the prognosis of breast cancer .

0 05)before and after 1 year in patients with and without HAV superinfection. The amount of HBV DNA and HBeAg positive rate in serum from HAV infection recovery stage of patients with CHB were higher than those in acute stage( P

BACKGROUND: Multiple applications of opium medicines can induce the accommodative changes of morphology and function in some intracerebral nerve positions. These accommodative changes are important neurobiological bases inducing drug-desire and re-addiction after detoxification. However, the actual molecular mechanism is unclear at present.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impacts of the generation of heroin-dependence and detoxification on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in rat to provide a laboratorial gist for the participation of BDNS in heroin-dependence and detoxification.DESIGN: A randomized controlled study by employing experimental animals as subjectsSETTING: Mental health center of a medical university affiliated hospital MATERIALS: The study was conducted in the Laboratory of Pharmacology,Faculty of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University between March 2004and July 2004. Totally 30 inbreeding clean male SD rats with a bodymass between 200 g and 250 g were obtained from the Experimental Animal Center of the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA. Rats were randomly divided into blank control group(control group), heroin-dependent group (heroin group), and naloxone detoxification group(naloxone group) with 10rats each.METHODS: Morphine was subcutaneously injected into the rat with dose-increasing method to establish heroin-dependence rat model. Rats of naloxone group received subcutaneously injection of 2 mg/kg of naloxone to excite abstinent symptoms. The same dose of normal saline (NS) was injected in rats of control group. Model rats of each group were observed biologically and behaviorally. BDNF expression at different brain zone of rats in three different groups was tested with immunohistochemistry and digoxin-labeled oligonucleoide probe in situ hybridization technique.Comparison of the evaluation of abstinent symptoms in rats of each group.RESULTS: In the heroin group, the relative content of BDNF protein was higher in frontal lobe cortex, locus caeruleus and hippocampus than that of the control group( P ＜ 0.05); BDNFmRNA relative content was higher in frontal lobe cortex than that of the control group( P ＜ 0. 05) . In naloxone group, BDNF and its mRNA relative contents in frontal lobe cortex, locus caeruleus and hippocampus were higher than that of heroin group and control group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).CONCLUSION: Chronic administration of heroin could affect BDNF protein and its mRNA expressions in the corresponding brain areas of the rats, which suggests that the change of BDNF expression participates in heroin-dependence and detoxification.

Objective To evaluate catheter-directed thrombolysis through popliteal vein for the treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Method A total of 62 patients with single symptomatic lower limb DVT were analyzed. The popliteal vein of symptomatic limb was punctured, under Doppler guidance a 5-F sheath was advanced into the deep vein. A catheter was advanced beyond the thrombus. After a bolus of 200 000 IU urokinase, 100 000 IU/h urokinase was infused for up to three days, meanwhile 400 IU heparin was administered subcutaneously every 12h. Clinical efficacy grade was evaluated by measuring the perimeter of legs and lysis grade was calculated based on venographic results. Results In addition to total or partial removal of the thrombus collateral circulation increased, the limbs edema reduction rate was 78% and the thrombolysis rate was 67%. Thrombolysis rate in acute, and relapsing cases was significantly higher than in chronic group (75%,and 71% vs. 49%,P

AIM: To detect surface electromyogram (EMG) signal accurately.METHODS: How to reduce noise in the detection of surface EMG signal was discussed. It has been explored to design an electrode unit by using methods of differential amplification, active electrode, filter and so on , andto investigate the electrode shape and the right placing method.RESULTS: The instrumentation amplifier AD620 was adopted to design a bipolar active electrode, which has been successfully used in the surface EMG detection.CONCLUSION: Experiments show that using active electrode can improve ratio of signal and noise, reduce noise and detect surface EMG signal effectively.

Objective To investigate the role of RhoA-Rock signaling pathway in the process of rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1). Methods Primary RPMCs were cultured in vitro. After synchronization for 24 hours, RPMCs were randomly assigned to 4 groups: group A (control), group B (TGF-β1, 10 μg/L), group C (10 μg/L TGF-β1+10 μmol/L Y-27632, an inhibitor of Rock, pretreated for 2 hours with Y-27632 before TGF-β1 stimulation), group D (Y-27632 alone, 10 μmol/L). Growth arrested and synchronized RPMCs were stimulated by 10 μg/L TGF-β1 for different time. The mRNA and protein expression levels of E-eadherin, α-SMA and collagen Ⅰ were measured by RT-PCR and Western blotting respectively. The protein expression level of vimentin was measured by Western blotting. Active RhoA was extracted by Plasma Membrane Protein Extraction Kit, then it was assessed by Western blotting. Results (1) TGF-β1 stimulation elicited a robust increase in RhoA activity in time-dependent manner, which was (2.57±0.52) folds compared with control group (P<0.05) after 10 min stimulation. RhoA activity peaked at 1 hour, which was (4.35±0.41) folds compared with control group (P<0.05). (2) TGF-β1 up-regulated mRNA and/or protein expression of α-SMA, vimentin and collagen Ⅰ , and down-regnlated mRNA and protein expression of E-cadherin in RPMCs. (3) The Rock inhibitor Y-27632 effectively revered TGF-β1-induced expression of α-SMA, collagen Ⅰ and vimentin. The mRNA levels of α-SMA and collagen Ⅰ decreased by 53.8% and 55.7%, and the protein levels of α-SMA, vimentin and collagen Ⅰ decreased by 42.6%, 60.1% and 58.1% compared with TGF-β1-stimulated groups (P< 0.05). But Y-27632 had no effect on the level of E-cadherin. Conclusions RhoA-Bock signaling pathway may mediate EMT induced by TGF-β1 in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells. RhoA-Rock pathway may be the potential therapeutic target in the progress of peritoneal fibrosis.

The effects of mangiferin on uric acid excretion, kidney function and related renal transporters were investigated in hyperuricemic mice induced by potassium oxonate. Mice were divided into normal control group, and 5 hyperuricemic groups with model control, 50, 100, and 200 mg x kg(-1) mangiferin, and 5 mg x kg(-1) allopurinol. Mice were administered by gavage once daily with 250 mg x kg(-1) potassium oxonate for seven consecutive days to create the model. And 3 doses of mangiferin were orally initiated on the day 1 h after potassium oxonate was given, separately. Serum uric acid, creatinine and urea nitrogon levels, as well as urinary uric acid creatinine levels were measured. Mouse uromodulin (mUMOD) levels in serum, urine and kidney were determined by ELISA method. The mRNA and protein levels of related renal transporters were assayed by RT-PCR and Western blotting methods, respectively. Compared to model group, mangiferin significantly reduced serum uric acid, creatinine and urea nitrogon levels, increased 24 h uric acid and creatinine excretion, and fractional excretion of uric acid in hyperuricemic mice, exhibiting uric acid excretion enhancement and kidney function improvement. Mangiferin was found to down-regulate mRNA and protein levels of urate transporter 1 (mURAT1) and glucose transporter 9 (mGLUT9), as well as up-regulate organic anion transporter 1 (mOAT1) in the kidney of hyperuricemic mice. These findings suggested that mangiferin might enhance uric acid excretion and in turn reduce serum uric acid level through the decrease of uric acid reabsorption and the increase of uric acid secretion in hyperuricemic mice. Moreover, mangiferin remarkably up-regulated expression levels of renal organic cation and carnitine transporters (mOCT1, mOCT2, mOCTN1 and mOCTN2), increased urine mUMOD levels, as well as decreased serum and kidney mUMOD levels in hyperuricemic mice, which might be involved in mangiferin-mediated renal protective action.

OBJECTIVE To study the distributive properties and susceptibility of yeasts to six antifungal agents. METHODS To analyze the distributive properties of 264 clinical Candida spp isolates and study the susceptibility to amphotericin B,nystatin,fluconazole,ketoconazole,miconazole and clotrimazole.The susceptibility of yeasts was tested according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards guideline(NCCLS M27-A2). RESULTS Strains of Candida albicans were the most frequent organism isolated accounted for 62.5% of all the isolates.C.tropicalis,C.glabrata,and C.parapsilosis accounted for 20.8%,12.5%,and 1.9%,the others accounted for only 2.3%.The main infected organs were lungs,urinary tract,and digestive tract;the susceptibility tests showed strains of Candida spp to nystatin,amphotericin B,and fluconazole were more active than to the other antifungal agents.The resistance to triazole antifugal agents could be shown. CONCLUSIONS We should strengthen the diagnosis of Candida spp and strengthen the surveillance on susceptibility of clinical isolates Candida spp so as to help the doctors choose the antifungal agents reasonably.