The optimal distance from tumor to incision varied according to the cellular type of the tumor. In each case the cutting edge of the excised tissue was checked with frozen sections for cancer cells. Multiple neighboring skin flaps in full thickness raised from the periosteum were used to cover the large defects (the smallest defect is 25 20mm, the largest one is 75 65mm). The results showed that good cosmetic results were obtained in all cases, visual function was preserved in 35 of the 36 patients, and no recurrence of the tumor was found in 5 years' follow-up. One patient with squamous cell carcinoma that disseminated to nasal cavity and sinuses had a complication of meningitis after the operation,and it was cured with proper treatment.

Objective To study the apoptosis of human leukemia K562 cells induced by snake venom of Agkistrodon Halys Pallas in Zhejiang Province.Methods IC_ 50 value and cytotoxity of K562 cell were detected by MTT method.Apoptotic cells were dyed by Hoechest 33258.Sub-G1 peak and cell cycle were detected by FCM.Protein expression of Bcl-2 gene was detected by FCM and western-blot method.Results The snake venom of Agkistrodon Halys Pallas in Zhejiang Province inhibited the growth of K562 cells,which appeared dose-dependent.The snake venom induced apoptosis of K562 cells.Meanwhile,protein expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated.Conclusion Snake venom of Agkistrodon Halys Pallas in Zhejiang could induce apoptosis of human leukemia K562 cells.The mechanism may be related to down-regulation of Bcl-2 gene expression.

BACKGROUND: The application of polymerized 2-hydroxyethyl methacryate (PHEMA) in many organs of living body shows good biocompatibility.OBJECTIVE: To observe the biocompatibility and fibrovascular condition of methl-methacrylate (MMA) modified PHEMA hydrogel orbital implant.DESIGN: Single sample observation.SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, the General Hospital of Chinese PLA; Institute of Polymer Science,Department of Chemical Engineering, Tinghua university.MATERIALS: Twenty-five New Zealand rabbits of either gender and clean grade, weighing 2.0 to 2.5 kg, were provided by the Animal Experimental Center, General Hospital of Chinese PLA. The animals were observed at postoperative 2, 4,8, 12 and 24 weeks, 5 at each time point. The experiment was permitted by ethics committee. MMA modified PHEMA hydrogel orbital implant was provided by Institute of Polymer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tinghua University. The experiment was permitted by ethics committee.METHODS: This experiment was carried out in the laboratory of Department of Ophthalmology, the General Hospital of Chinese PLA from March to October 2003. The right eye served as operation eye. When the rabbits were anesthetized,their eyelids were open with eyelid retractor. Bulbar conjunctiva was open along the edge of limbus of cornea for isolating fascia. Oculorotatory muscle was isolated and pre-set suture line was made, then muscle was cut off. When optical nerve was cut off, eyeball was completely excised. A MMA modified PHEMA hydrogel orbital implant with the diameter of 14 mm was implanted into the fossa orbitalis of rabbits. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was performed at postoperative 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks. The hydrogel orbital implant was taken out at postoperative 2, 4, 8,12 and 24 weeks for light microscope, immunohistochemical and electron microscope examinations.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Vascularization of hydrogel orbital implant was observed in vivo by isotope tracing observation at different time points. Vascularization of hydrogel orbital implant was observed ex vivo by light microscope,immunohistochemical and electron microscope observations.RESULTS: All 25 New Zealand rabbits were involved in the final analysis. ①SPECT examination showed that isotope increased around the implants at week 2, and extended gradually at weeks 4 and 8. The radiotracer accumulated evenly in the implants from surrounding to the center at week 12. ②Light microscopic examination of the prostheses revealed fiber vessels grew from the surrounding to the center. At week 2,fibrovascular tissue grew in the hole of implant. Long or round cells with deeply dyed nucleuses were found in the hole, being fibroblasts. The vascular structure in the hole of the implant was clear, and vascular wall and blood cells were found. The inflammatory cells were mainly neutrophils and lymphocytes, and occasionally large macrophages. ③Scanning electron microscope showed that fibrovascular tissue grew in the hole of the implant, and was dense and intercrossed at week 12. ④ Conjunctiva split appeared postoperatively in 1 of 25 cases, and healed well after two times of operation. Conjunctival congestion lessened and conjunctiva healed within postoperative 7 days in the remaining 24 animals.CONCLUSION: MMA modified PHEMA hydrogel orbital implant has good histocompatibility and fast vascularization process, and is easy to be operated with fewer complications. So, it is a safe and practicable new type orbital implant.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the characteristics and clinical application of alginate dressing to provide better biological dressing for clinical wound healing. METHODS: A computer-based online search of CNKI, Medline, Wanfang, Science Direct, and Ei databases was performed for related articles published between January 1960 and October 2009, with the key words "alginate, dressing, clinical application" in Chinese and English. Studies regarding characteristics and clinical application of alginate dressing were included. Repetitive and Meta analysis were excluded. In addition, related books were manually searched. RESULTS: A total of 65 articles were collected, 17 were included, and 48 repetitive or Meta analyses were excluded. Alginate is natural polysaccharide carbohydrate extracted from sea tangle, and alginate dressing is soft non-textile fiber refined from seaweed. It contains 85% natural alginate fiber and 15% sodium tvIose. It can absorb effusion, form gelate, and exchange Na~+/Ca~(2+) with effusion. Alginate dressing has been widely used in bedsore treatment, anal fistula nursing, stoma nursing, and diabetic foot nursing. Compared with traditional dressing, infection rate of alginate dressing is lower due to good impermeability, promotion of regional vessel proliferation and blood supply, as well as moist and slightly acidic environment which benefits neutrophil function enhances disinfection. Moreover, it can be used in wound healing following abdominal region operation and abscess incision drainage.CONCLUSION: Alginate dressing provides appropriate environment for wound growth, retains active materials in diffusion, promotes active material release, benefit necrotic tissue solution and cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as epithelial cell migration. Moreover, it maintains hypoxia state of wound, stimulates newly generated capillary growth, and promotes granulation tissue growth.

Objective To evaluate the precise,accurate and specific of two direct methods for measuring low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)based on the principle of selective hydrolysys. Methods Both DAIICHI and Randox reagents were compared with PVS method and the ultracentrifugally separated HDL and LDL fractions were used.Results Both methods all had good precise,the total CV was 3.96%～4.42%(Daiichi)and 0.78%～3.19%(Randox),repectively.The average concentrations of 48 serum samples were 3.68±1.23 mmol/L(PVS method),3.25±1.11 mmol/L(DAIICHI method)and 3.37±1.21 mmol/L(Randox method),respectively.There was no statistics difference between the results from PVS method and other two direct methods.Furthermore it indicated that the results determined by both direct methods had good relationship with that by PVS method.It also indicated that both direct methods had good specific to LDL-C.The dilute test demonstrated that there were good linearity between both direct methods of LDL-C and the linearity range was 9.28 mmol/L at least.Conclusion The direct methods for determining LDL-C based on the principle of selective hydrolysis possessed good precise and accurate and specific to LDL-C,and was meet with clinical application.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the characteristics and clinical application of alginate dressing to provide better biological dressing for clinical wound healing.METHODS:A computer-based online search of CNKI,Medline,Wanfang,Science Direct,and Ei databases was performed for related articles published between January 1960 and October 2009,with the key words "alginate,dressing,clinical application"in Chinese and English.Studies regarding characteristics and clinical application of alginate dressing were included.Repetitive and Meta analysis were excluded.In addition,related books were manually searched.RESULTS:A total of 65 articles were collected,17 were included,and 48 repetitive or Meta analyses were excluded.Alginate is natural polysaccharide carbohydrate extracted from sea tangle,and alginate dressing is soft non-textile fiber refined from seaweed.It contains 85% natural alginate fiber and 15% sodium tvlose.It can absorb effusion,form gelate,and exchange Na+/Ca2+ with effusion.Alginate dressing has been widely used in bedsore treatment,anal fistula nursing,stoma nursing,and diabetic foot nursing.Compared with traditional dressing,infection rate of alginate dressing is lower due to good impermeability,promotion of regional vessel proliferation and blood supply,as well as moist and slightly acidic environment which benefits neutrophil function enhances disinfection.Moreover,it can be used in wound healing following abdominal region operation and abscess incision drainage.CONCLUSION:Alginate dressing provides appropriate environment for wound growth,retains active materials in diffusion,promotes active material release,benefit necrotic tissue solution and cell proliferation and differentiation,as well as epithelial cell migration.Moreover,it maintains hypoxia state of wound,stimulates newly generated capillary growth,and promotes granulation tissue growth.

Objective To study the value of the neuron-specific enolase(NSE) in the serum of patients with cerebral stroke in diagnosis, seriousness and evaluation of prognosis. Methods The levels of NSE in the serum of 77 patients with cerebral stroke(36 cases with hemorrhage, 41 cases with infarction) were measured by radio-immunoassay (RIA)method.Results The serum leves of NSE both in cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage patients were obviously higher than those of the control group( P 0.05). In the first week there was a positive correlation between NSE serum level and neurological deficit scores,the volume of haemorrhage, the volume of infarction( P 0.05) . Conclusion The NSE level in serum may be served as a objective index of seriousness and early diagnosis in stroke, but no helpful in differential diagnosis and evaluation of prognosis.

respectively)was significantly higher than that for digital anterograde venography (0.684 and 0.587,P =0.026,respectively).Conclusion Diagnostic accuracy and detection rate of residuaI or recurrent varicose veins with CT phlebography are found to be more superior than that with digital anterograde venography which has high guidance value in preoperation and assesses the efficacy of post-surgery treatment.

AIM: To detect surface electromyogram (EMG) signal accurately.METHODS: How to reduce noise in the detection of surface EMG signal was discussed. It has been explored to design an electrode unit by using methods of differential amplification, active electrode, filter and so on , andto investigate the electrode shape and the right placing method.RESULTS: The instrumentation amplifier AD620 was adopted to design a bipolar active electrode, which has been successfully used in the surface EMG detection.CONCLUSION: Experiments show that using active electrode can improve ratio of signal and noise, reduce noise and detect surface EMG signal effectively.

Objective To detect the change of interleukin-18 (IL-18) level in the serum of patients with acute leukemia (AL) in children, and explore the clinical significance of IL-18. Methods The level of IL-18 was measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) in 45 patients with AL in children. Results The leverof IL-18 in pre-treatment AL group was 719.35±358.21pg/mL and significantly higher than that of normal-control group [(311.80±146.64)pg/mL P <0.01]. Mter treatment, the level of IL-18 was 401.14±180.78 pg/mL in post-treatment complete remission group, which was significantly lower than that of pre-treatment group(P <0.01). The level of IL-18 in non-remission group was higher than those of normal control and CR group (P<0.01);while pre-treatment group the difference was not significant (P >0.05). According to the clinical sub-group with risk factors in pre-treatment AL, the level of IL-18 in high risk(HR) and middle risk(MR) group was significantly higher than low risk(LR) group (P<0.05). The level of IL-18 in T-ALL group was significantly higher than that in B-ALL group (P<0.05). The levels of IL-18 in pre-treatment AL were markedly correlated to the count of blast cells in bone marrow (r=0.411, P=0.005). Conclusion The level of IL-18 in the patients of childhood AL was in a high expression, and related to the clinical treating effect and the count of blast cells in bone marrow, which would be taken as an index of treating effect. The level of IL-18 was closely related to the clinical risk factors in pre-treatment AL.