There is great progress in the study of the diagnosis of hyperkinetic disorders in China within the latest ten years, but it is not enough. Three features are referred by reanalyzing 281 articles dating from 1997 to 2004 collected by the CJFD: 1) Several editions of diagnostic criteria and diagnostic methods are simultaneously used; 2) Comparing with the rate of utilization of the new edition, the old editions of diagnostic criteria constitute a small percentage ; 3) Diagnostic criteria and diagnostic tools have some shortcomings. Four recommendations maybe help to solve these problems:1) Make parents and teachers advance their acknowledgement of hyperkinetic disorders; 2) Develop and improve the diagnostic criteria and diagnostic tools through more researches; 3) Use advanced scientific apparatuses more widely; 4) Establish a perfect diagnostic system according to our culture.

The muscle tonus of 7 (43 trials) swimmers were measured by the side of theswimming pool before and after training when they felt muscle stiffness and sore-ness. The muscle tonus and EMG of 10 (20 trails) swimmers and 5 (10 trails) runnrswere also measured and taken in the laboratory when they had a pain in the muscleafter training. The results showed that after training the muscle tonus was significantly higherthan before and the athletes had muscle stiffness and soreness. After stretching,not only the muscle tonus decreased, the athletes also felt better. The amplitude of the EMG appeared higher in the first stretching. then it be-came lower and lower with the stretching even showed electric silence. At the sametime, the muscle tonus decreased and the soreness was relieved. This study suggested that the early muscle soreness and stiffness are not cau-sed by local tissue edema, which is thought to be due to biochemical end-productsof metabolism, especially lactic acid. If muscle soreness and stiffness after vigo-rous exercises are the result of tissue edema, they can not be readily relieved byway of stretching technique since the water causing tissue edema cannot be remo-ved from the muscle tissue to the circulation in only about 30 seconds. Therefore, in our opinion, the early muscle soreness and stiffness are not cau-sed by biochemical but by physiological reasons, i. e. the physiological reflex spasmrelated with the functional state of the muscle spindle sensing system. Of course.this still needs to be confirmed by more extensive study in the future.

OBJECTIVE　To develop an asssay for the quantitative determination of phillyrin in Shuanghuanglian tablet.METHODS　TLCS method was selected to determine the content.RESULTS　The linearity was obtained over the range of 0.31～ 1.55 μg(r=0.9996).The average recovery was 96.9% with RSD=1.49%.CONCLUSION　The results showed that this method is sensitive,simple,specific and accurate for the determination of tetrahydropalmatine in Shuang Huanglian tablet.

Objective To explore the inhibitory effect of harmine on melanoma A375 cells and its mechanism thereof.Methods (1) Melanoma A375 cells were treated with harmine at 0,0.5,1,2,5,10,20,50 and 100 mg/L for 48 h in vitro.CCK-8 method was used to detect the cell viability and confirm the experimental concentrations.(2) After the cells were treated with 0,1,2 mg/L harmine,the scratch and transwell assays were used to detect the cell migration and invasion ability.Western blot assay was used to detect the expression levels of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related protein E-cadherin,N-cadherin,Snail and p53.(3) Three groups of ceils were set up.The control group was transfected with empty vector ordy.The empty vector group was transfected with empty vector after treated with 2 mg/L harmine for 24 h.The Snail transfection group was transfected with Snail cDNA after treated with 2 mg/L harmine for 24 h.The cell migration and invasion ability were detected after the transfection.Results (1) When the concentration of harmine was above 2 mg/L,the survival rate of A375 cells was significantly lower than that of the control group with the increase of harmine concentrations (P ＜ 0.05).Then,the concentrations of 0,1 and 2 mg/L of harmine were used in the following experiments.(2) With the increase of the harmine concentrations,the number of cells in the scratched area and the number of trans-membrane cells in each group were significantly decreased.The migration and invasion ability of the ceils were decreased gradually.The expression levels of E-cadherin and p53 were increased,while the expression levels of N-cadherin and Snail were decreased.(3) Cell transfection experiments showed that the migration and invasion ability of the cells were increased compared with those of empty vector group after transfection with Snail.Conclusion Harmine can inhibit the proliferation of A375 cells and decrease the abilities of metastasis and invasion,which may be achieved by decreasing the expression of Snail after activating the p53,thereby increasing E-cadherin and down-regulating N-cadherin to inhibit the EMT process.

Objective To investigate the changes in cathepsin B (CatB) expression in acutely photodamaged human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and their significance.Methods HDFs were isolated from the foreskin of children,and subjected to primary culture and subculture.The fourth-to eighth-passage HDFs were used in the following experiment.HDFs were divided into two groups to receive irradiation with different doses of ultraviolet A (UVA) for different durations (acutely photodamaged group) or remain unirradiated (control group).Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay was conducted to evaluate the proliferative activity of HDFs after irradiation with UVA at 5,10,15,20 and 25 J/cm2 respectively.Western blot and quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR were performed to measure the protein and mRNA expressions of CatB respectively in HDFs at 24,48 and 72 hours after exposure to UVA at 10 J/cm2,and at 48 hours after exposure to UVA at 10,15,20 and 25 J/cm2.Statistical analysis was carried out by analysis of variance and least significant difference (LSD) test using the SPSS 13.0 software.Results UVA radiation induced a decrease in the proliferative activity of HDFs.When the dose of UVA was ≤ 10 J/cm2,the survival rate of HDFs maintained higher than 85％,and significant differences were observed in cell survival rate between unirradiated and irradiated HDFs at 24,48 and 72 hours (all P ＜ 0.05).Western blot showed that the gray value of CatB protein in the acutely photodamaged group irradiated with 10 J/cm2 UVA was significantly higher than that in the control group at 24 hours (0.76 ± 0.14 vs.0.35 ± 0.01,P ＜ 0.05),48 hours (1.34 ± 0.38 vs.0.45 ± 0.12,P＜ 0.05) and 72 hours (0.82 ± 0.09 vs.0.61 ± 0.06,P＜ 0.05).Increased mRNA expressions of CatB were also observed in the acutely photodamaged group compared with the control group at 24 hours (0.149 ± 0.009 vs.0.089 ± 0.015,P ＜ 0.05),48 hous (0.173 ± 0.009 vs.0.091 ± 0.010,P ＜ 0.05) and 72 hours (0.185 ± 0.158 vs.0.111 ± 0.017,P ＜ 0.05) after UVA radiation at 10 J/cm2.The gray value of CatB protein was 0.99 ± 0.07,1.49 ± 0.14,1.89 ± 0.08,2.07 ± 0.06 in HDFs at 48 hours after exposure to UVA of 10,15,20 and 25 J/cm2,respectively,significantly higher than that in the control group (0.60 ± 0.05,all P ＜ 0.05).Similarly,the mRNA expression of CatB was up-regulated in HDFs at 48 hours after UVA radiation at 10,15,20 and 25 J/cm2 compared with the unirradiated HDFs.Conclusion The protein and mRNA expressions of CatB are up-regulated in acutely photodamaged HDFs induced by UVA radiation.

Objective To investigate the expressions of Th17, CD4 +CD25 +Treg, HLA-DR mRNA in peripheral blood of children with EV71-induced hand, foot and mouth diseases ( HFMD ) and their clinical significance.Methods Stratified random sampling was used to select 60 children with HFMDs from Liaocheng People’s Hospital from February to October, 2014, including 20 mild, 20 severe and 20 critically ill cases.Twenty healthy children were also enrolled as the control group.All the children with HFMDs were given ribavirin (10 mg/kg) for the treatment.The percentages of Th17 and CD4 +CD25 +Treg cells in CD4 +T cells of peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometry, and the expression of HLA-DR mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR).Analysis of variance and SNK-q test were used to compare the expressions of Th17, CD4 +CD25 +Treg and HLA-DR mRNA among groups, and Pearson correlation analysis was performed to reveal the correlations between HLA-DR mRNA and Th17, CD4 +CD25 +Treg.Results Compared with the control group, the expression of Th17 was increased, while CD4 +CD25+Treg and HLA-DR mRNA expressions were decreased in children with HFMDs on d1 of treatment (F=310.4, 81.5 and 545.4, P<0.01).After treatment, Th17 levels in mild group, severe group and surviving children of critically ill group were decreased, CD4 +CD25 +Treg and HLA-DR mRNA expressions were increased, while in fatal cases, Th17 level was still on the rise, and CD4 +CD25+Treg and HLA-DR mRNA expressions were still decreasing. After 10 d of treatment, the difference in Th17 and CD4 +CD25 +Treg levels among mild group, severe group, surviving children of critically ill group and control group was of no statistical significance ( P >0.05), but Th17 level in fatal was still higher and CD4 +CD25 +Treg level was still lower than those in control group (t=16.4 and 12.0, P<0.05).After 10 d of treatment, HLA-DR mRNA expressions in mild group and severe group were increased to the normal level.HLA-DR mRNA expression in surviving patients of critical ill group was still lower than that in mild group and severe group (P<0.05), but was higher than that in fatal patients (t=7.8, P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that, HLA-DR mRNA was negatively correlated with Th17 level (r=-0.770, P<0.01), and positively correlated with CD4 +CD25 +Treg level (r=0.883, P<0.01).Conclusion The expressions of Th17, CD4 +CD25 +Treg cells, and HLA-DR mRNA are correlated with the severity of HFMD, and may be used for evaluation of disease severity and prediction of disease outcomes.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii (Tox),rubella virus (RV),cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections (TORCH infections) among childbearing-age population in Henan province.Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to detect plasma TORCH IgM and IgG among 3084 childbearing-age men and women from theFirst Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University during July and September,2011.The positive rates of anti-TORCH antibodies were compared among the various age and gender groups by x2 test.Results The total positive rate of anti-TORCH IgM was 5.5％ (170/3084),in which the positive rate of anti-RV IgM was the highest (2.9％),followed by anti-HSV IgM (1.0％).Within positive rate of anti-TORCH IgG,anti-HSV IgG was the highest (90.4％),followed by anti-CMV IgG (89.7％),RV IgG (48.1％) and Tox IgG (0.7％).The positive rate of anti-TORCH IgM was the lowest in individuals aged ＞ 30-40 year old.With the age increasing,the positive rates of anti-Tox IgG,anti-CMV IgG and anti-HSV IgG increased,but the positive rate of anti-RV IgG decreased.Women had higher positive rates of anti-CMV IgG and antiHSV IgG than men (x2 =83.470 and 7.026,P ＜ 0.O1).Conclusions Current infection of TORCH exists in childbearing-age population of Henan province,and the positive rate of anti-RV IgG is low.It is recommended to screen for TORCH infection in childbearing-age men and women.

Objective To observe the expression changes of cathepsin K (CatK) in human dermal fibroblasts at different time points after different doses of ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation.Methods Dermal fibroblasts were isolated from circumcised foreskins of children,and subjected to primary culture and subculture.Cells at third-tenth passage were used in the following experiment.Some fibroblasts were irradiated with UVA of 10 J/cm2 and collected at 24,48 and 72 hours separately after the irradiation,and some fibroblasts were irradiated with UVA of 10,20 and 30 J/cm2 separately and harvested 48 hours later.The fibroblasts receiving no irradiation served as the control group.Reverse transcription PCR and Western blot were carried out to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of CatK in fibroblasts,respectively.Results Compared with the control fibroblasts,those irradiated with UVA of 10 J/cm2 showed a significant elevation in the mRNA and protein expression levels of CatK on day 1 (0.351 ± 0.038 vs.0.177 ± 0.006,1.76 ± 0.27 vs.0.82 ± 0.45,respectively,both P＜ 0.05),day 2 (0.510 ± 0.017 vs.0.176 ± 0.002,2.97 ± 0.36 vs.1.58 ± 0.15,respectively,both P＜ 0.05) and day 3 (0.313 ± 0.012 vs.0.173 ± 0.002,2.23 ± 0.14 vs.1.29 ± 0.32,respectively,both P ＜ 0.05),with the highest expressions of CatK mRNA and protein observed on day 2.Within the range of 10-30 J/cm2,UVA enhanced the CatK mRNA and protein expression levels in a dose-dependent manner.In detail,at 48 hours after the irradiation with UVA of 10,20 and 30 J/cm2,the CatK mRNA expression level in the irradiated fibroblasts was 2.34,2.91 and 3.18 times,and the CatK protein expression level 1.77,2.82 and 3.64 times,respectively,that in the control fibroblasts (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The expression of CatK is up-regulated in human dermal fibroblasts after UVA irradiation.

Objective To investigate whether ultraviolet A UVA)-induced CatK expression is regulated by the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathway in human dermal fibroblasts in vitro.Methods Human dermal fibroblasts were obtained from circumcised foreskin of children,and subjected to primary culture.After several passages of subculture,some fibroblasts were irradiated with UVA at a dose of 10 J/cm2.Western blot was performed to measure the expressions of total and phosphorylated JNK (t-and p-JNK) and P38 (t-and p-P38) at 0.75,1.5,3 and 6 hours after the irradiation.Some fibroblasts were divided into six groups:control group receiving no treatment,SP group treated with SP600125 of 800 nmol/L,SB group treated with SB203580 of 10 μmol/L,UVA group irradiated with UVA at a dose of 10 J/cm2,UVA-SP group treated with SP600125 for 1 hour before and for 1.5 or 48 hours after UVA irradiation at 10 J/cm2,UVA-SB group treated with SB203580 for 1 hour before and for 1.5 or 48 hours after UVA radiation at 10 J/cm2.Subsequently,Western blot was performed to determine the expressions of p-c-Jun and p-MAPKAPK2 in these groups at 1.5 hours after the UVA irradiation,and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and Western blot to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of CatK at 48 hours after the UVA irradiation,respectively.Statistical analysis was carried out by t test,one way analysis of variance and least significant difference (LSD)-t test.Results The expression levels (gray values) of p-JNK and p-P38 were significantly increased at 0.75 hour (4.77 ± 0.19 and 2.44 ± 0.13 respectively,both P ＜ 0.05) and 1.5 hours (4.68 ± 0.09 and 2.30 ± 0.04 respectively,both P ＜ 0.05),but showed no significant changes at 3 hours (both P ＞ 0.05) and 6 hours (both P ＞ 0.05) after the UVA irradiation compared with those before the irradiation (3.2 ± 0.27 and 1.61 ± 0.08 respectively).A significant decrease was observed in the expression of p-c-Jun in the UVA-SP group and p-MAPKAPK2 in the UVA-SB group compared with the UVA group (p-c-Jun,2.55 ± 0.48 vs.4.85 ±0.96; p-MAPKAPK2,1.16 ± 0.12 vs.2.46 ± 0.09,both P ＜ 0.05).The CatK mRNA and protein expressions were attenuated by 61.1％ and 44.3％ respectively in the UVA-SP group (both P ＜ 0.05),and by 71.3％ and 50.4％ respectively in the UVA-SB group (both P ＜ 0.05) in comparison with the UVA group.The UVA-SP group also showed a significant reduction in CatK mRNA and protein expressions as compared with the UVA-SB group (both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Both JNK and P38 signaling pathways,especially the JNK pathway,may contribute to the upregulation of CatK expression in dermal fibroblasts induced by UVA irradiation.