BACKGROUND:The open reduction and internal fixation in treatment of middle and inferior humeral fractures often choose anterolateral approach. As the rapid development of microsurgical technique in recent years, some domestic hospitals try to adopt the medial approach, but the operation safety and efficacy are rarely reported. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of two different approaches of open reduction and internal fixation for treating the middle and inferior humeral fractures.
METHODS:A total of 68 patients with the middle and inferior humeral fractures were selected from Orthopedic Center of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2010 to January 2012, and were retrospectively analyzed. According to the approach of incision, the involved patients were divided into anterolateral approach group (n=33) and medial approach group (n=35). The blood loss in two groups was analyzed using Gross equation. The postoperative complications and functional recovery were compared.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:During the fol ow-up at 12-18 months, X-ray results showed that the fractures achieved bone healing, fracture healing time was 16.9±3.9 weeks in anterolateral approach group and 15.5±2.2 weeks in the medial approach group. Shoulder Neer system score was 86±5 points in anterolateral approach group and 84±4 points in the medial approach group;elbow Mayo system score was 78±7 points in anterolateral approach group and 81±8 points in the medial approach group. Three cases in anterolateral approach group and one case in medial approach group presented postoperative radial nerve numbness and wrist dorsiflexion weakness, which were self-healed after 3 months. There was no nonunion, chronic osteomyelitis for other complications. The fracture healing time, the incidence of complications and the functional recovery between the two groups showed no significant difference (P>0.05). The medial approach is a feasible and safe surgical approach of internal fixation for treating the middle and inferior humeral fractures.

Objective To study the protective effect of mon oclonal antibodies(McAb)against Can-dida albicans in systemic candidiasis.Methods Monoclonal antibody was produced wi th hybridoma technique.The effect of McAb on experimental mo use systemic candidiasis was observ ed,expecially on the following as-pects:the survival time of mice,colony forming unit(CFU)of Candida albicans and the histopathologic changes.Results Three types of McAb against the cell w all antigen of Candida albicans were generated,which were designated as 1B5,3E8and 4C7.P rolonged survival time,decreased C FU of Candida albicans in kid-neys,liver and brain,and alleviate d histopathologic changes could be s een in experimental mice treated wit h McAb 1B5and 3E8.McAb 1B5could recog nize a cell wall component of Candida albicans(MW:32000),and inhibit the adherence of Candida albicans to human buccal epithelial cells and umbilical vein endothelial cells.Conclusion McAbs 1B5and 3E8,are the protective monoclonal antibodies against Candida albicans,which inhibit the adherence of Candida albicans to epithelial cells and endothelial cells,thus reducing the invasiveness of the pathogen.

Objective To investigate the correlation of lacune of presumed vascular origin and microalbu-minuria in elderly inpatients. Methods 237 elderly patients (184 males and 53 females) at Guangzhou First People's Hospitalwho aged from 70 to 94 years old with a median age of 83.92 ± 5.32 were included in this study. We collected data on age,gender,medical history,smoking history,renal function test,blood lipid test,C-reactive protein,microalbuminuria,cerebral MR. Logistic regression was conducted to analyze all the data. Based on the MR findings ,the patients were divided into two groups:a group with lacune of presumed vascular origin (132 patients)and a control group(105 patients). Results The group with lacune of presumed vascular origin had higher mean systolic blood pressure than the control group. Median MAU was higher in the groupwith lacune of presumed vascular origin.Single factor or multiple factors logistic regression showed that increased systolic blood pressure and positive rates of MAU and MAU were independent risk factors for lacune of presumed vascular origin and were also significantly associated with the severity of lacune of presumed vascular origin. Conclusion Microalbuminuria is significantly associated with lacune of presumed vascular origin in elderly patients.

Objective To explore the highly effective teaching and training approaches to electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring. Methods Using computer simulation and digital programming, ECG data-gathering platform was set up. Results Not only ECG data were gathered and stored automatically in real time, but its dynamic databases including examination database were established as well. Therefore the teaching and training approaches to ECG monitoring achieved digitization with network and multimedia. Conclusion On the basis of new computer techniques, the application study on teaching and training approaches to ECG monitoring helps to the organic integration of teaching, scientific research and clinical practice, and also helps to the improvement in the training level or quality.

Objective: To study the mechanism of electromyographic (EMG) biofeedback. Methods: The EMG and electroencephalographic (EEG) signals were recorded dynamically during the course of EMG biofeedback. Changes of EMG amplitude and frequency during EMG biofeedback were assessed with linear analysis. We also applied the nonlinear analysis, approximate entropy (ApEn) of EMG signals and Cross Approximate entropy (Cross-ApEn) between EMG and EEG signals, to assess regularities in EMG and correlation between EMG and EEG. Results: With the processing of EMG biofeedback, the maximum, minimum and mean amplitude of EMG signals decreased significantly (F=3.85~25.59,P

Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) is a kind of protein facilitating the angiogenesis,which can combine with its special receptor. The 2 major functions of VEGF are:(1) accelerate the proliferation of endothelial cells,leading to the formation of new vessels;(2) up regulation of the vessels permeability.The activity of the VEGF is regulated by various factors at different levels,such as: hypoxia, oncogene,the cytokine, the intercellular matrix, etc .The biological character and role of VEGF were summarized in this article with special emphasis on VEGF function and regulation.

Objective To study the effect of S1P on HLF cell fibrosis and its mechanism. Methods (1) The expression of ECM in HLF cells was analyzed by using Western Blot after treatment by S1P(1 μmol/L), FTY720-P(5μmol/L),ponesimod(5μmol/L)and SEW2871(5μmol/L)24 h;(2)The HLF cells were pre-treated using selective S1PR antagonist W146(1 μmol/L),JTE-013(0.2 μmol/L),and TY-52156(1.25 μmol/L)1 h before incubation by S1P and S1PR agonists 24 h and then the expression of ECM was analyzed;(3)The HLF cells were pre-incubated using JTE-013(0.2μmol/L)and TY-52156(1.25μmol/L)for 1 h and then the expression of ECM was analyzedafter being treated by S1P and S1PR agonists 24 h. Results (1)S1P and selective S1P receptor agonist increased the expression of ECM to various extents;(2)The S1P1R antagonist W146 did not affectthe expression of ECM induced by S1P and S1PR agonists and S1P2R antagonist JTE-013 and S1P3R antagonist TY-52156 both decreased the expression of ECM induced by S1P and S1PR agonists;(3)The expression of ECM induced by S1P and S1PR agonists further decreased using both JTE-013 and TY-52156 but not using ponesimod. Conclusion S1P2R and S1P3R are activated under the influence of S1P so as to increase the synthesis of ECM and promote fibrosis gene expression in HLF cells.

Objective To study the induction of dihydroartemisinin(DHA) on prostate cancer PC-3 apoptosis and its possible mechansim.Methods MTT was employed for cellular viability measurement,flow cytometry(FCM) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) for observation of apoptosis,and immunocytochemical staining(SP) for analyzing the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in PC-3 cells treated with DHA of different concentration.Results DHA Significantly inhibited the proliferation of PC-3 cells,induced their apotosis in a time-concentration dependent manner,and led to mitochondrial swelling,nuclear fragmentations and apoptosis body formation,down-expression of Bcl-2 protein,and over-expression of Bax protein correspondence with DHA concentration.Conclusion DHA could induce the apoptosis in PC-3 cells by up-regulating Bax protein and down-regulating Bcl-2 protein.

Objective To construct and identify the screening vector pUC18-EGFP,using EGFP as an indicator. Methods The EGFP gene was prepared by PCR and cloned into pUC18 resulting the vector pUC18-EGFP. Then DNA fragment was inserted into the MCS of pUC18-EGFP to test its practicability based on green fluorescence. Results The pUC18-EGFP was confirmed correctly by restriction enzyme analyses. The pUC18-EGFP was used to select recombinants. The green strains on the plate were confirmed by restriction enzyme and DNA analyses,which were E.coli harboring recombinants. Conclusion The screening vector PUCl8-EGFP was constructed successfully. Thus,we can select the positive clones on plates based on the green fluorescence of EGFP.