OBJECTIVE:To survey and evaluate the present situation and trends of antidiabetic agents used in hospitals of southwest China so as to provide information for the production,sale and consumption units.METHODS:To investigate the antidiabetic agents used in60hospitals of southwest China during the period2000～2002in respect to the sum of money of consumption,Kinds of drugs,DDDs and DDC.RESULTS:In recent3years,the annual increasing rates of consumption of oral antidiabetic agents and insulin injection were14.12%and42.09%,the proportions of costs for the oral antidiabetic agents and insulin injections in total consumption of antidiabetic agents were67.20%and32.78%respectively.CONCLUSION:The use of insulin is increasing quickly and the new dosage has developmental future.The Metformin and Glipizide are the important oral antidiabetic agents.

Objective To determine the effect of tea polyphenols on oxidative damage and (apoptosis) in human bronchial epithelial cells induced by low-dose cigarette smoke condensate (CSC).Methods We prepared CSC. 3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazoly) 2,5-diphenyl-tetrazoliun bromide (MTT) assay was used to determine the growth of cultured human bronchial epithelial cells (HBE135-E6E7). Fluorescent-chemiluminescent analyzer was used to measure cell reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. DNA ladder method was used to detect HBE135-E6E7 apoptosis. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA expression.Results Concentration of intracellular ROS in the CSC group and CSC + TP group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P＜0.01); concentration of intracellular ROS in the CSC + TP group was significantly lower than that in the CSC group (P＜0.01). Apparent DNA breakage of the tail belt appeared in the CSC Group,while only a small amount of DNA breakage of the tail belt appeared in the CSC + TP group. Compared with the control group, Bcl-2 mRNA expression was reduced and Bax mRNA expression was increased in the CSC group (all P＜0.01). Compared with the CSC group, Bcl-2 mRNA expression was increased and Bax mRNA expression was reduced in the CSC+TP group (all P＜0.01). Ratio of Bcl-2 mRNA/ Bax mRNA in the CSC group and CSC+TP group was significantly lower than that in the control group (all P＜0.01).Conclusion TP can antagonize CSC-induced airway epithelial cell apoptosis through the effective removal of ROS, promoting Bcl-2 mRNA expression and inhibiting the expression of Bax mRNA.

Objective:To investigate the value of preoperative slight decline of the pulmonary function in predicting postoperative cardiopulmonary complications (PCC) after left total pneumonectomy of lung cancer patients to guide the clinical surgery of lung can-cer. Methods:Clinical data of 200 lung cancer patients after left total pneumonectomy were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into two groups (PCC and non-PCC) based on the incidence of postoperative cardiopulmonary complications within 1 month after the cancer resection. The relationship between the preoperative slight or moderate to severe reduction of pulmonary func-tion and postoperative complications was explored. The correlation between the preoperative slight decline of the pulmonary function index and PCC was also analyzed. Results:Among the 200 patients, 35, 45, and 120 demonstrated normal, slightly, and moderately to severely reduced pulmonary functions, and 28.6%, 53.3%, and 62.5% showed PCC within 1 month after the surgical resection (χ2=12.611, P=0.002). Significant differences in the slightly reduced pulmonary function parameters MVV% (70% ≤ MVV<80%) and FEV1%(70%≤FEV 1%<80%) were observed between those without and with complications (P=0.028 and 0.014). Further analysis indicated no significant difference between the patients with preoperative slight reduction of FEV1%only or of MVV%only (P>0.05). However, statistically significant differences were observed when both FEV1%and MVV%were slightly reduced (χ2=6.598, P=0.010). Conclusion:The preoperative slight reduction values of FEV1%and MVV%were the risk factors in predicting PCC after left pneumo-nectomy in lung cancer patients. The slightly reduced FEV1%or MVV%alone cannot influence PCC. Both slightly reduced FEV1%and MVV%were the risk factors of PCC. Perioperative management should be strengthened for these patients to lower the incidence of PCC.

Apoptosis ; Female ; Gardening ; Humans ; Leukocytes ; drug effects ; pathology ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Pesticides ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacokinetics of oral single dose adefovir dipivoxil(ADV) tablet in Chinese healthy volunteers.METHODS:The study was a randomized,open,three-way crossover study.Twelve healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to receive single oral dose of 5 mg(Group A),10mg(Group B) or 30 mg(Group C) ADV tablets in three weeks.The plasma concentrations of ADV were determined by LC/MS/MS method.The pharmacokinetic parameters were computed.RESULTS:The main pharmacokinetic parameters in Group A,B and C were as follows:Cmax were(11.4? 3.7),(25.4? 8.2) and(76.3? 23.0) ng? mL-1;tmax were(1.69? 1.41),(0.90? 0.56) and(0.94? 0.50) h;AUC0～ t were(102.7? 51.7),(235.0? 82.3) and(715.4? 267.6) ng? h.mL-1;AUC0～ ∞ were(168.7? 30.7),(266.2? 83.7) and(741.5? 273.9) ng? h? mL-1,respectively.CONCLUSION:ADV tablets had a rapid absorption in healthy volunteers and the Cmax and AUC of adefovir tablets were directly correlated to doses.It is safe for healthy volunteers to take ADV tablets at a dose of 5～30mg.

Objective To investigate the critical thinking ability of medical students and its related factors in order to provide evidence for higher medical education reform. Methods A total of 325 medical students were selected by cluster sampling method, and Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version (CTDI-CV) was adopted for survery. Results The average total score of critical thinking ability of medical students was above 280, and 51.08% of students showed positive critical thinking ability. Among all the seven critical thinking dispositions, average scores of each item were all positive (>40) except that the significance of truth seeking (37.23) and systematicity (39.05) were indefinite. There were significant differences in critical thinking ability between medical students with different gender and academic years (P<0.05). Conclusion The critical thinking ability of medical students is positive, however, there still exist some shortages. An equal relationship between teachers and students should be established, the traditional course system be continuously reformed, a good environment for clinical training be created, and a variety of teaching methods be implemented to further strengthen the critical thinking ability of medical students.

Liver ferritin of Sphyrna zygaena(SZLF) with purity of mass spectrum was prepared in batch. Under) the condition of acidifying medium at pH 1.0, PAGE showed that SZLF subunits treated for 20 min began) to dissociate. A whole process of subunit dissociation and recombination was monitored by transmission electron microscopy(TEM). In addition, the changes of size of both protein shell and iron core were also determined) by TEM directly. It was found that in the acid dissociation process of SZLF subunits, the size of iron) core and protein shell showed the same trend of change, which might be related to not only the iron release) of inner iron core but the dissociation and unfolding of the protein shell. The passway of SZLF recombination is a fast step, which is a conversion process from incompact moltenglobule to compact ferritin. Under the assistant of matrix acidity pH 3.0 and laser, SZLF mixed with horse spleen ferritin(HSF) still has capacity to release) its subunits to form subunit ions for mass analysis by a MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer, which indicates that the interaction intensity between the subunits was weaken but they were not unfolded under this pH condition. TEM technology can be applied in studying both dissociation and recombination in ferritin subunits.

This study aimed to promote medical and health informationization construction, strengthen the top-level design, construct a standard of medical and health information, and develop an information sharing and safety management system. For the reform of integrated hospital and clinical information systems, the Tumor Research Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University aimed to solve the existing problem using pain assessment management (PAM). The PAM information platform is affiliated with the Military's No. 1 Basic Information System, which can manage PAM information. Moreover, PAM can optimize the pain assessment process and costs, and improve the work efficiency of nurses, Thus, PAM can achieve basic goals, such as data sharing, individualized records, and smart reminders, and encourages the use of pain management information systems outside the hospitals.

China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Registries

China ; Dust ; analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Manufactured Materials ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; statistics & numerical data ; Occupational Health