Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Objective To understand the clinical feature of the elderly patients with diabetes during coronary angiography,and analyze the risk factors of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN).Methods The clinical data of 269 elderly patients who had undergone coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) from January 2007 to December 2009 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively.The patients were divided into two groups:CIN group and non-CIN group.The possible risk factors for CIN,such as glycemic control,diabetic complication,renal function,volume of contrast medium,inflammatory state,therapy of perioperative period,past medical history were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results In 269 elderly patients with diabetes,the incidence of CIN was 9.3 ％ (25/269).According to estimated glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR),the patients were divided into four subgroup:≥90 ml/min,89-60 ml/min,59-30 ml/min,＜29 ml/min.The incidences of CIN for the subgroups were 2.2％(1/45),4.4％(6/135),17.3％(14/81) and 50 ％ (4/8),respectively.Multivariate logistic gradual regressive analysis showed that loop diuretic use (OR＞ 6.07),preoperative e-GFR(＜60 ml/min) (OR＞3.27),volume of contrast medium (≥200ml) (OR＞3.26),chronic kidney disease(CKD) (OR＞2.80) (P=0.001,0.024,0.015,0.048) were indepen-dent risk factors for CIN (P＜0.05). Conclusions Loop diuretic use,preoperative GFR (＜60 ml/min),volume of contrast medium (≥200 ml) and CKD are independent risk factors of CIN.

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is a common pathological state. Cognitive impairment is its main manifestation in early stage, and it will eventually result in persistent or progressive cognitive impairment and neurological deficits. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion caused neuronal damage, synapse abnormity, energy impairment and the function defects of central cholinergic system and monoaminergic system are its pathophysiological mechanisms resulting in cognitive impairment.

For probing into therapeutic effect, action, and proper and effective administration way of Jiang Ni Fu Sheng Liquid for treatment of acute cerebral hemorrhage, 150 cases were assigned at random to two groups to receive different therapies. Integral of hyponeuria, change of disturbance of consciousness, change of blood pressure, CT and clinical therapeutic effect were observed before and after treatment in the two groups. Results showed that the therapeutic effect in the treated group was obviously superior to that in the control group, with a markedly effective rate of 51. 1% and an effective rate of 90. 0%. It is suggested that Jiang Ni Fu Sheng Liquid has the action of relieving disturbance of consciousness, promoting recovery of nervous function, keeping stability of blood pressure, accelerating absorption of cerebral hemorrage, alleviating cerebral edema and hemorrhage of digestive tract, and so on.

Trans-cinnamaldehyde, the main component of volatile oil from cassia twig or Cinnamomum cassia, which is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Trans-cinnamaldehyde is a kind olefine aldehyde of organic compounds and has many pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, and neuroprotection etc. The compound has preventive and therapeutic effects on the nervous system, cardiovascular, cancer, diabetes and other diseases. Trans-cinnamaldehyde, as a preventive care of nature medicine, has great clinical and market potential. This paper gives a review about the pharmacological effects and mechanism of trans-cinnamaldehyde researched in the latest five years. We hope to provide some basic information for further research on trans-cinnamaldehyde.
Acrolein ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Cinnamomum aromaticum ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans

Objective To explore the short- term efficacy of argon- helium knife cryotherapy followed by chemotherapy in treating advanced non- small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to investigate its effect on the long- term survival. Methods During the period from March 2005 to March 2008, a total of 61 patients withⅢb or Ⅳ stage NSCLC received argon- helium knife cryotherapy followed by chemotherapy (study group), and other 52 patients with Ⅲb or Ⅳ stage NSCLC were treated with chemotherapy only (control group). The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. The pain was evaluated by numeric rating scale (NRS) and the quality of life (QOL) was assessed by functional assessment of cancer therapy- general (FACT- G) scale. The clinical effect was evaluated according to RECIST criteria for solid tumor, and the patient’s survival time was recorded. Results (1) Twenty- six patients had local pain before the treatment, and the pain was relieved in different degrees after cryotherapy. The QOL, including all respects of FACT - G, was significantly improved after cryotherapy in all 61 patients. (2) The remission rate of the study group and the control group was 34.4% and 15.4% respectively, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). (3) The median survival time of the study group and the control group was 12.9 months and 9.5 months respectively, and the one- year survival rate of the study group and the control group was 53.6% and 35.4% respectively. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P < 0.01). Conclusion Argon- helium knife cryotherapy is a safe and effective local treatment for advanced NSCLC, which can quickly reduce the tumor load, relieve the pain and improve patient’s quality of life. Cryotherapy with subsequent chemotherapy is superior to simple chemotherapy in improving the patient’s survival rate.

Objective To study the changes of the myocardial cell apoptosis in myocardial infarction of rabbits. Methods The model of rabbit with myocardial infarction was established.HE staining,TUNEL staining, immunohistro-chemistry staining, ultrathin section for electron microscope and DNA electronic gel phorensis were performed in samples of ischemia or infarction in different times.The position of apoptotic myocytes in different phases of ischemia were observed by light microscope and electronic microscope. Results After 30 minutes to 4 weeks ischemia.there were a few TUNEL positive nucleus of myocytes in the margin area of myocardial infarction;HE staining-found typical expressions of apoptosis,such as chromosome conglomeration,chromosome gathered at the edge or chromosome aggregation,dark-stained nucleus,cell shrinkage,were obvious in 4-8 hours.A lot of positive nucleus of myocytes stained by TUNEL were found in the early stages of myocardial ischemia in myocardial infarction.gradually ascended and then became hardly visible from 8 hours to 3 days.Nucleus swelling,karyorrhexis and karyolysis were found in the area of myocardial infarction.then cells were broken.DNA agarose electrophoresis found DNA fragment of most myocytes in 30 minutes of ischemia,just a few cardiocytes decomposed to the big segments.At 4hours of ischemia the most cardiocytes decomposed to big segments,and there were a blurry"ladder"in DNA strand breaks from 8 hours to 1 day.It showed that apoptotic cardiocytes existed in the margin area of myocadial infarction. Conclusions There are cardiocytes apoptosis in the margin area of infarction from 30 minutes to 4 weeks after myocardial ischemia.Maybe it relates to the reperfusion caused by collateralization establishment or infiltration from circumference.

To study the effects of Feiyanning Decoction, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on the ratio of CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells and expression of transcription factor Foxp3 in mice with Lewis lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the possible effects and underlying mechanisms of desferroxamine (DFO) preconditioning against hypoxia in neurons. Methods Cortical neurons were cultured in DFO under ischemia condition of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Cell viability was determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method; apoptotic cell ratio was examined with Hoechst 33342 staining; the morphological change was observed. Middle cerebral artery was occluded with or without DFO administration to establish the cerebral ischemia rat model. Infarct sizes were examined by TIC staining, and the neurological severity score was evaluated. Meanwhile immunofluorescent staining was employed to detect the protein synthesis of hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and erythropoietin (EPO), RT-PCR was performed to detect the mRNA expression of HIF-1 and EPO as well Results Neuronal viability kept in 49% (OGD group was 25%, t =8. 544, P<0. 05), the rate of apoptosis was 38% (OGD group was 30%, t = 4. 409, P <0.05 ) after administration of DFO (post-DFO) , the morphology of neurons improved. In the model of focal cerebral ischenfia of 30 mg/kg group, neurological severity score was reduced, the percentage of brain infarct decreased 8.5% (t=4.649, P<0.05) 3 days post-DFO(vs control). In the 100 mg/kg group, neurological severity score was 7.44 ±0.39 (t=2.903, P<0.05 ) ,5.60±0.47 (t=10.143, P < 0.01 ) ,6.97 ±0.73 (t=3.142, P<0.05 ), the percentage of brain infarct decreased 12. 0% (t=5.056, P<0.05), 32.3% (t =10.993, P<0.01), 10.6% (t =4.385, P<0.05)2,3 and7 days post-DFO(vs control), respectively. Immunofluorescent staining found synthesis of HIF-1α and EPO in cultured cortex neurons after DFO pretreated; HIF-1α and EPO were upregulated in the neurons of rat brain after DFO pretreated. The mRNA of HIF-1α and EPO upregulated in vivo and in vitro. Conclusion DFO preconditioning can protect the brain against ischemic damage, which is related to the protective effect on neurons. The mechanism of DFO preconditioning may be involved in the expression of HIF-1α and EPO in vivo and in vitro.

Objective: To explore the change of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and its correlation with forced expiratory volume in the ifrst second (FEV1), the ifrst second forced expiratory volume percentage of forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) in bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: FeNO, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC were measured in 57 suspected asthmatics (21 acute onsets, 12 non-acute and 24 non-asthma), 38 COPD patients (25 acute exacerbations and 13 stable stages) and 26 healthy subjects. Results: In the 57 suspected asthmatic patients, when the optimal cut off value of FeNO was 20.15 PPb, which was used to diagnose asthma and differentiate asthma and non-asthma, the positive predictive value, the negative predictive value, the sensitivity and the speciifcity was 94.1%, 95.7%, 97.0%, and 91.7% respectively. hTere was signiifcant difference in the FeNO level between the 33 asthmatics and 26 healthy subjects (P<0.05). There was also significant difference in the FeNO level between the acute onset and the non-acute (P<0.05), but not in the FEV1 and FEV1/FVC level (bothP>0.05). hTere was no signiifcant correlation between FeNO and FEV1, FEV1/FVC in patients with asthma (r=-0.186,-0.236, bothP>0.05). hTere was signiifcant difference in the levels of FeNO, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC between the 38 COPD patients and the 26 healthy subjects (all P<0.05), and also between the 25 acute exacerbations and 13 stable COPDs (allP<0.05), but not between the 13 stable COPDs and 26 healthy subjects (allP>0.05). FeNO was not correlated with FEV1 and FEV1/FVC level in COPD patients (r=-0.167,-0.285, bothP>0.05). Conclusion: FeNO level is increased obviously in patients with asthma. hTe optimal cut off value of FeNO at 20.15 PPb can differentiate asthma and non-asthma with high sensitivity and speciifcity. FeNO is higher for the acute onset than non-acute, which may be useful to evaluate the control degree. FeNO level is increased in COPD patients in the acute exacerbations, but there is no change in stable COPD patients compared with the healthy subjects.