Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Retinal Detachment ; etiology ; surgery ; Silicone Oils ; therapeutic use

Objective To investigate the posterior condylar angle(PCA) of distal femur in normal adult, and provide reasonable referenced parameters of the rotational alignment for the total knee arthroplasty in Chinese. Methods This study concluded 118 volunteers(186 knees) in Suwan area (67 males 103 knees, and 51 females 83 knees), whose knees were healthy, without any malformation. The average age was 39.7 years(range, 18-69 years). All subjects were divided into three groups according to the ages: group A, 18-39 years (85 knees); group B, 40-59 years(73 knees); group C, more than 60 years(28 knees). The CT scan was employed to the mechanical axis which was perpendicular to the knee joint in the distal femur. The PCA was measured from the CT film across lateral and medial femoral epicondyle. The factorial design was used to compare the data among three groups. Results First, in the 103 knees of male, 57 in left side and 46 in right side. The PCA were 5.9??1.6? in left side, 5.6??2.6? in right side(mean, 5.8??2.2?). Then in the 83 knees of female, 38 in left side and 45 in right side, the PCA was 5.5??2.5? in left side, 5.2??1.5? in right side(mean, 5.3??1.9?). And the PCA was 5.5??1.9? in group A, 5.7??1.8? in group B, 5.5??2.7? in group C, respectively, and there is no statistical significant difference in either gender or side and age. Conclusion The normal adult PCA of distal femur is 5.6??2.1? in Suwan area, without difference in gender, which is beyond the Westerns obviously. So in the total knee arthroplasty of Chinese, the malalignment will likely occur if the rotational alignment is performed according to Western style, the eversion 3? to the posterior condylar line in distal femur.

To compare the effect and advantage of performing rhegmatogenous retina detachment surgery under operation microscope with under direct ophthalmoscopes .METHODS: Ninety - three patients ( 93 eyes ) were randomized to two groups, Group A ( under operation microscope during rhegmatogenous retina detachment surgery, 47 cases ) , Group B ( under direct ophthalmoscopes during rhegmatogenous retina detachment surgery, 46 cases ) . All patients were followed up for 2wk to observe success rate and visual improving rate.RESULTS: Total percentage of success was 95. 74% in group A and 80. 43% in group B. The visual improving rate of group A was 82. 98% and it was 67. 39% in group B. Operative time in group A was significantly shorter than that in group B (P<0. 05). CONCLUSlON: Performing rhegmatogenous retina detachment surgery under operation microscope is ascertaining and it is more effective and handy than performing that surgery under direct ophthalmoscopes.

Objective To explore the relationship between 677C/T polymorphism of methy lenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene and diabetic macrovascular complications (including cerebral infarction and coronary heart disease) in Shanghai.Methods Among 416 Chinese subjects, 216 were in macrovascular disease group 〔the atherosclerosis (AS) group〕 which included cerebral infarction (CI) subgroup consisting of 111 subjects (50 cases with and 61 without diabetes) and coronary heart disease (CHD) subgroup consisting of 105 subjects (48 with and 57 without diabetes); 100 subjects were in diabetes group without macrovascular disease (DM); and 100 normal subjects in control group (C). Genotypes were determined by PCR/restriction enzyme digestion and the relationship between 677C/T polymorphism and diabetic macrovascular complications was studied by population based association analysis. Results The frequencies of MTHFR TT genotype and T allele were significantly higher in macrovascular disease group. Logistic regression analysis showed that MTHFR gene was a potential contributor to AS. Comparison of genotype frequencies between diabetic and non diabetic subgroups in macrovascular disease group revealed no difference. Significant difference of high density lipoprotein cholesterol and diastolic blood pressure between different genotype subgroups was observed within some macrovascular disease groups after stratification by sex and diabetes. Conclusion MTHFR contributes to the development of macroangiopathy (cerebral infarction and coronary heart disease) whether associated with type 2 diabetes or not in Shanghai district.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of several methods in eliminating Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture of human hepatoma-derived cell line C3A. Methods PCR was performed to detect the Mycoplasmas contamination in cell cultures. The contaminated samples were treated by ciprofloxa-cin, heating, Plasmocure or co-culturing with macrophages. Transmission electron microscope ( TEM) and Q-PCR were used to comparatively analyze the cell morphology and gene expression before and after Plas-mocure treatment. Results Plasmocure succeeded in eliminating Mycoplasma contamination, while cipro-floxacin showed temporary efficacy. Heating and co-culturing with macrophages failed to eliminate Mycoplas-ma contamination. No Mycoplasma contamination in the Plasmocure-treated group was observed under TEM and the expression of ALB, TF and CYP3A4 genes were higher than the genes expressed in the contaminated group (P<0. 01). Conclusion Plasmocure treatment was effective in eliminating Mycoplasma contamina-tion in cell culture. Moreover, the cell morphology and gene expression in Plasmocure-treated group were re-stored to normal.

Inflammation is one of the key pathological process of atherosclerosis (AS),and multiple risk factors of AS have consanguineous relationships with the regulation of inflammatory signal pathway.So it could be effective approach to control inflammation,even the pathological process of AS if we do the deep research on AS inflammatory signal pathway and make out the potential medicine.

Atherosclerosis(AS),the major cause of ischemic cerebrovascular disorder(CVD)destroying human health,the damage-reaction theory and inflammation theory proposed by professor Ross were popular because those theories were explainning the beginning and developing of AS well.The key point is anti-inflammatory.Through the intervention of some key factors in inflammatory response network,the theory provide a great significance and value on the treatment of AS.We considered that AS pathogenesis of "Endogenous Heat Toxin,Phlegm and Blood Stasis" in Chinese medicine has substantial relationship with current mainstream theory of AS-"injury-response theory,inflammatory reaction theory",which is a good integrating point for AS pathogenesis in both theoretical systems of Chinese and Western Medicine.With the entry point of intervention of "Endogenous Heat Toxin" or "inflammatory response",on the basis of activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis and heat-clearing and detoxicating,it is a beneficial attempt with theoretical and practical significance to discuss the role of Chinese medicine on prevention and treatment of AS.With the mainline of AS anti-inflammatory theory,this article analyzed and discussed the research ideas of Chinese Herbs intervene AS inflammatory reaction combined with our work of the research group.

Objective To investigate the correlation between ankle-brachial index and ultrasonography in lower ex- tremities vascular in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods 218 type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled,and ankle-brachial index(ABI)measurements and uhrasonography in lower extremities vascular were performed in all patients.Lower extremi- ties vascular disease(LEVD)were divided into six species according to the uhrasonography results and scored in accord- ante with its serious degree,then investigate the correlation between ABI and uhrasonography results score.All patients were divided into deferent groups according to uhrasonography results and ABI range,and then compared their deference. Results The lower the ABI,the more serious of the LEVD showed by ultrasonography.ABI and ultrasonic inspection score was significantly negatively correlated(r=-0.65,P

Objective To determine the incidence and risk factors of iatrogenic retinal breaks in eyes undergoing pars plana vit- rectomy for idiopathic macular pucker.Design Retrospective case series.Participant 88 consecutive vitrectomies performed on eyes with idiopathic macular pucker.Method Consecutive vitrectomies performed on eyes with idiopathic macular pucker at Beijing Tongren Eye Center between 2002 and 2006 were retrospectively reviewed.Cases with iatrogenic retinal breaks were recorded and analyzed. Main Outcome Measure Number and location of retinal breaks,and anatomic outcome after surgical managements.Result A total of 88 consecutive vitrectomies were included in the study.Of the 88 eyes,8 eyes had 14 iatrogenic retinal breaks detected,with an aver- age incidence of 9.1%.Peripheral retinal breaks(8.0%)were more common than posterior retinal breaks(1.1%).All peripheral retinal breaks occurred around the selerotomy sites(100%)and the quadrant of predominant hand was involved most commonly(62%).Most of the breaks(88%)were detected during the surgery.All eyes with iatrogenic retinal breaks obtained anatomic retinal reattachment (100%).Conclusion Despite improvements in instrumentation and surgical techniques,iatrogenic retinal break continues to be an im- portant complication of pars plana vitrectomy in eyes with idiopathic macular pucker.This complication tends to occur more commonly at peripheral retina and is mainly selerotomy-related.

Objective To evaluate diagnostic value of plasma D-dimer (D-D),fibrinogen (Fg) and Ddimer/fibrinogen (D/F) ratio in acute lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after artificial joint replacement.Methods From August 2009 to December 2011,273 patients who had undergone total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) underwent venography of lower extremity deep vein at 35 days postoperatively.According to results of angiography,all patients were divided into DVT group including 66 patients (15 males and 51 females,median age 66 years) and non-DVT group including 207 patients (70 males and 137 females,median age 63 years).Plasma levels of D-D and Fg were measured by immunoturbidimetry and solidification methods respectively preoperatively and at 3-5 days postoperatively.The differences of plasma levels of D-D and Fg and D/F ratio between the two groups were analyzed with statistical method.Furthermore,diagnostic value of postoperative plasma D-D and D/F ratio in acute DVT was assessed using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results There was no statistical significance in preoperative plasma levels of D-D and Fg,and postoperative plasma levels of Fg between two groups.However,the postoperative plasma levels of D-D and D/F ratio were higher in the DVT group than those in the nonDVT group,and there was significant difference between two groups.In addition,the ROC curve analysis showed that the area under curve of postoperative plasma D-D and D/F ratio was 0.688 and 0.684,respectively,but this difference did not reach statistical significance.Conclusion Plasma Fg may be meaningless for the diagnosis of acute DVT after artificial joint replacement.Although plasma D-D and D/F ratio may be useful for diagnosing acute DVT,the diagnostic accuracy is low.