ObjectiveTo investigate the point prevalence rate of nosocomial infection and discover the problems in the management of nosocomial infection.MethodsA team of surveyors were trained to collect necessary data of inpatients on a single day. Questionnaires about nosocomial infection cases were filled out and analysed.Results492 patients were investigated, 31 patients developed into nosocomial infection, the point prevalence rate was 6.30%. The point prevalence rate of nosocomial infection in ICU was 57%; The main infectious site was urinary tract. ConclusionThe survey on the point prevalence rate is beneficial to manage nosocomial infection.

Humans ; Tinnitus ; diagnosis ; therapy

Environmental Exposure ; analysis ; Environmental Monitoring ; instrumentation ; Environmental Pollutants ; analysis ; metabolism ; Humans ; Risk Assessment

Abstract: Objective　 This article aims to present a rare case of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) complicated by with bacteraemia caused by Campylobacter jejuni, and to discuss the pathogenic characteristics, culture methods, clinical features and treatment points of Campylobacter jejuni and the patient's outcome, with a view to raising clinical awareness of blood culture and providing experience for the treatment of this disease. Methods　The clinical data of a case with SFTS complicated by bacteremia caused by Campylobacter jejuni admitted to Weihai Municipal Hospital were collected and the diagnostic process of the pathogenic bacteria as well as the treatment plan were retrospectively analysed. Results　The patient was a female who had been bitten by a tick bite half a month ago and presented to the hospital on 30th August with a fever, vague pain in the peribulbar abdomen and diarrhea for 5 days. Laboratory tests showed leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, and nucleic acid detection for SFTS was positive, resulting in a diagnosis of SFTS. After a week of antiviral treatment with ribavirin and symptomatic treatment, the patient suddenly experienced high fever at night, with a temperature reaching 39.5 °C. Blood cultures were immediately taken from both sides of the double bottle. Bilateral anaerobic bottles were tested for positive after 53.06 hours, and Gram-negative Campylobacter was cultured anaerobically in a transfer blood plate and further identified as Campylobacter jejuni using mass spectrometry MALDI-TOF MS. Vancomycin was stopped clinically on the basis of bacterial pathogenesis and meropenem was used for anti-infection and symptomatic treatment. During the treatment, blood culture and nucleic acid detection for SFTS turned negative, and the patient's symptoms improved. After normal results were achieved in the follow-up testing, the patient was discharged. Conclusions　This case serves as a reminder that Campylobacter jejuni not only causes intestinal infections, but can also lead to extra-intestinal infections in immunocompromised individuals. Clinical and laboratory personnel should increase their recognition of Campylobacter jejuni, prioritize blood culture methods, and utilize a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To study the effect of purified water on the neurobehavioral development of the offspring and the synergistic effect of the magnesium deficiency in food. Methods SD rats were divided into four groups,control food plus control water (control group),control food plus purified water,magnesium deficiency food plus control water,magnesium deficiency plus purified water,from five weeks of age of the F0 generation to five weeks of the F1 generation respectively. Morris water maze (MWM) was used to test the spatial learning and memory ability of offspring of rats. Results In the early training days of the place navigation,control group offspring of rats showed a shorter swimming time than the other groups. There were no significant differences among all experimental groups in the later training days of the place navigation,spatial probe test and visible platform trial,however the tendency was still to remain. Conclusion Purified water can damage the learning ability of offspring of rats and the learning ability delay will be more obviously when magnesium is deficient in food.

With the aggravation of enviromental pollution, a quickly, sensitive, inexpensive monitoring means should be developed to protect water resources. Luminescent bacteria as biosensor have the advantages mentioned above. During past two decades, luminescent bacteria toxicity test was used widely in comprehensive toxicity evaluation, screening, monitoring and specific pollutants detection in water, the recent progress in this field was reviewed in this paper.

Objective To assess the quality of iodized salt and investigate the urinary iodine level of pupils and women after implementation of universal salt iodization in Shijiazhuang city. Methods Between 2004 and 2008, nine salt samples were randomly collected from wholesale enterprises of 5 different directions of east,south, west, north and center in Shijiazhuang city every month. Meanwhile, eight salt samples, four urine samples of women, were randomly collected in each of the 8 households of 210 villages selected from 23 counties. Between 2004 and 2008, twenty urine samples of 8 - 10 year old pupils were collected in each of 160 schools from the 23 counties. Direct titration method was used for salt iodine determination, iodine concentration in urine was detected by the method of ammonium persulfate digestion-As3+-Ce4 + catalytic spectrophotometry. Results At wholesale level, the qualified rate of iodized salt was above 99%. At household level, the consuming rate of iodized salt was above 95%, and the rate of consuming non-iodized salt was less than 5%. The rate of qualified iodized salt was above 90% in every year except 2004(87.10%), and the rate of consuming qualified iodized salt was above 90% in those years except 2004(83.08%). Urinary median iodine level of both the pupils and the women was higher than 100 μg/L, and the rate of urinary iodine level that less than 50 μg/L was below 10%. Conclusions The quality assessment of iodized salt from wholesale companies and related indices of urinary iodine level of pupils, women and household iodized salt have already reached the national standard for eliminating iodine deficiency disorders.

Gambogic acid-loaded polylacticacid nanoparticles (GA-PLA-NPs) were prepared by modified emulsification solvent diffusion. The shape of nanoparticles was observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM).The size distribution and mean diameter were measured by laser particle size analyzer. The entrapment efficiency and content of drug loading were determined by Ultraviolet Spectrophotometer after ultracentrifugation. GA-PLA-NPs release behavior in vitro was carried out. The acute toxicity were carried out to study the security of GA-PLA-NPs. The preparation process adapted to the formulation was as follows: the volume ratio of the aqueous and organic was 2∶1(v/v), the surfactant concentration in aqueous was 0.5%,the drug concentration in organic was 0.1%(w/v), GA∶PLA was 1∶4(w/w). The mean diameter was 51.36nm for the nanoparticles prepared by above conditions.The entrapment efficiency and content of drug loading were 98.87 % and 13.3 %. The release behavior of drug in vitro showed an initial burst effect with subsequently a slower rate stage. The LD50 value of GA-PLA-NPs on mouse was 26.3 mg/kg. The results showed that the GA-PLA-NPs were well prepared with stable quality and high dispersion. PLA-NPs might be used as a new carrier for gambogic acid.

The results of the detection of fhe antibody against dsDNA in 244 sera by immunohisto—chemical method of enzyme marking SPA were reported and compared with immunoflurescence assay and enzyme marking antibody method. Positive rate in 31 cases with SLE was 71%. Of the 31 cases 21 with SLE in theactive phase were all positive,1 out of 10 cases at the recovery stage was positive,2 outof 152 cases with other connective tissue and non connective tissue disease were weaklypositive,61 normal persons were all negative.The overall agreement was the same asthe immunofluorescence and enzyme marking antibody method.Enzyme marking SPAmethod offers a number of significant advantageous.This method was easily operated,did not need to prepare second antibody,and special equipment was not needed.It can beused clinically.

Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Fever ; etiology ; Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis ; classification ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Male