Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is one kind of targeted immunotherapy. It is a better therapy of tumour treatment for its distinct advantages. Nowadays, it has been widely used to treat lymphoma, and part of solid tumors. In this review,basic research and clinical application related to solid tumor are summarized.

Objective To probe an accurate,rapid and effective method for the calculation and measurement of output dose of the accelerator with IAEA regulation.Methods The parameter value of measurement was determined according to IAEA regulations,and absorbed dose calculation forma was briefed to the form that the reading of instrument multiplies cumulative correction factor.The output dose was measured in water phantom on sandard condition,and then regrafted into plexiglass phantom,which made the measurement more convenience.Results Staistics of measurement had been done to PRIMUS accelerator in 66 weeks output dose.Over 85% of the measurement had the error less then 1%,and others were less then 2%.Conclusion This measurement can be used for the measuremen of output dose in precise radiotherapy of linear accelerator.

As a new radiotherapy for carcinomas, Proton Therapy has been making progresses. Compared with conventional radiation, proton has a better physical characteristic and a similar biological effect. Proton Therapy consists of Conformal Proton Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy, Stereotactic Radiotherapy, Proton Scanning Radiation and et al. With the utilization of Bragg peak, Proton therapy can increase the dose of carcinoma region and reduce the dose of normal tissue, and thus it has a good curative effect and can be a good cure for many indications. In spite of the above-mentioned, Proton therapy has to be improved in the future.

Development and metastasis of NSCLC are closely related to angiogenesis.Several distinct groups of vascular-targeted therapies have evolved:anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody,small molecules inhibitors,vascular disrupting agents,endothelial cell growth inhibitors,et al.Antiangiogenic treatment could make longer survival than conventional treatment.The strategy of anti-angiogenic drugs combined conventional treatment is being studied.

During epidemiology teaching,it is important for teachers to use person-based teaching method according to different specialty bachelors to improve the teaching quality.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and the distribution in population of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer among rural women in Qianjiang district of Chongqing city .Methods From April 2010 to April 2012 ,25 128 married rural women in Qianjiang district were performed screening and detection .The individuals with the positive results were performed the colposcopy and cervical biopsy .Results 112 cases were found with the positive results of the pathological examina-tion ,including 58 cases of CINⅠ ,26 cases of CINⅡ ,19 cases of CINⅢ and carcinoma in situ and 9 cases of invasive carcinoma .The incidence rate of CIN and cervical cancer in Tujia nationality women was significantly higher than that in Han nationality women and Miao nationality women .Conclusion The cervical cancer screening is an important way to find early pathological lesions of cer-vical cancer and prevent cervical cancer ,and is the necessary measure to reduce the incidence rate of cervical cancer in rural women .

With the development of society and the improvement of people's living standards, the effect of Chinese medicine in treatment and health care is more and more prominent. The herbal decoction pieces are the important part of Chinese medicine,it can be applied directly to clinical treatment and it's also the raw material of Chinese patent medicine. Therefore, the quality of herbal decoction pieces is quite important. The parts of the production of herbal decoction pieces are numerous, and there are possibilities of adverse effects on the quality of the herbal decoction pieces in every part. In this paper, we based on the production chain of herbal decoction pieces, analyzed the main problem that affect the quality of herbal decoction pieces in the part of selection of Chinese herbal medicines, planting, purchasing, processing, packaging, storage and transport, such as the poor quality of seed and seedlings of plant-based Chinese medicines, some plants left their place of origin and have been introduced in the place that is not suitable for this kind of plant, the insufficient growth time and the excessive harmful substances. The purchasers and the accepters lack of professional knowledge and professional ethics. The mechanism of processing is not clear, the standards can not be uniformed, and lack of qualified person in processing, etc. So we suggest: intensify the basic research of key scientific issues. Improve the quality of persons who work in herbal decoction pieces; Establish an "integration" mode of operation in herbal decoction pieces enterprise; Breeding high quality plant resources, establish the large-scale planting basement; Make the packing of herbal decoction pieces standard; Establish the modernization traditional Chinese medicine logistics enterprise.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; economics ; manpower ; standards ; Drug Packaging ; economics ; manpower ; standards ; Drug Storage ; economics ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; standards ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; economics ; standards ; Quality Control

To study the effects of fractioned ir radiation on the total RNA and MDR 1 mRNA of NCI H 446 small cell lung cancer cell line, NCI H446 cells in the period of exponential growth were exposed to 60 Co ? radiation at 2 Gy/fraction, 2 fraction/week, with the cumulative dose of 50 Gy by 25 fractions. The total RNA of the cells of the irradiated group and control group were extracted by the acid guanidine thiocyanate phenol chloroform method and the amount of the expression of MDR 1 mRNA was assessed by qualitative RT PCR assays. Under the conditions of same cell number and volume, in cells of the control group, the concentration of the total RNA was 25 9 ?g/ml and the ratio of MDR 1 DNA/? actinDNA was 1 078, whereas in cells of the irradiation group, the corresponding values were 16 6 ?g/ml and 1 338, respectively. It is concluded that, for the NCI H446 small cell lung cancer cell line, a high dose accumulated during fractioned irradiation can inhibit the synthesis of its total RNA and enhance the expression of its MDR 1 gene at the same time.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fractioned radiation on the sensitivity of NCI-H446 small cell lung cancer cell line to chemotherapeutic drug and its mechanism. Exponentially growing NCI-H446 cells were exposed to 50 Gy radiation which was administered in 25 fractions with 2 Gy per fraction. The survival rate of NCI-H446 cell line was observed after the interference of different concentration of Mitomycin C given before and after fractioned radiation treatment. The survival rate of the radiated cells was higher than that of the unradiated cells with the same concentration of Mitomycin C(P

Objective To evaluate the clinical toxicity and efficacy of S-1 combined with γ-ray body stereotactic radiation therapy in treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer.Methods Forty-five patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer were randomly divided into two groups.The combination group received γ-ray stereotactic body radiation therapy which was given isodose curve of 50 ％-60 ％,tumor encircling dose of 3.0-4.5 Gy per fraction depended on dimension of tumors,9-12 fractions.Combined with S-1 40 mg/m2,2 times/d,for consecutive twenty-one days for four courses.The control group was given γ-ray stereotactic body radiation therapy only.Toxicities and effects were evaluated according to the criteria of WHO and RTOG.Results The CR rates in combination group and control group were 30.4 ％ (7/23) and 13.6 ％ (3/22),the response rates were 91.3 ％ (21/23) and 63.6 ％ (14/22) (x2 =4.980,P =0.026).The rates of gastrointestinal tract side reaction in combination group and control group were 82.6 ％ and 68.2 ％ (x2 =1.267,P =0.260),myelosuppression in combination group and control group were 78.3 ％ and 63.6 ％ (x2 =1.171,P =0.279).The rate of Ⅲ-Ⅳ grade myelosuppression in combination group were higher than that in control group (x2 =4.874,P =0.027).The median progression-free survival (PFS) rates of two groups were 8 months and 6 months respectively (x2 =1.357,P ＞ 0.05),the median survival period were 17 months and 14 months (x2 =1.017,P ＞ 0.05),1 year survival rates were 60.9 ％ and 54.5 ％ respectively (x2 =0.184,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions S-1 combined with body gamma system treatment can improve local control rate and effective rate for inoperable patients with local advanced pancreatic carcinoma,and the adverse reactions are well tolerated.This method can be used as locally advanced pancreatic cancer chemoradiation safe and effective choice.