OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for improving the quality of pharmacy services in drug stores.METHDOS:Using the principle of Marketing Professional Services,pharmacy services were divided into three levels,the main contents of each level were analysed.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:The three levels of pharmacy service is a tightly connecting unity.Only when drug stores try every way possible to do each level of pharmacy services well,can their core market competitive power be raised.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of lappaconitine on patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) and serum complement 3 and 4 (C3 and C4) levels of cancer patients undergoing rectum surgery.

METHODSTotally 60 patients, who were scheduled for rectum carcinoma surgery, were recruited to the study and assigned in 3 groups, the blank control group, the tramadol group, and the lappaconitine group, 20 in each group. Lappaconitine (8 mg) was intravenously dripped to patients in the lappaconitine group 30 min before ending the operation. PCIA started as soon as the end of the surgery and the total dose of lappaconitine was 36 mg. Patients of the tramadol group were treated with tramadol (100 mg) intravenously within 30 min before ending the operation. The dripping was completed within 30 min. PCIA was started as soon as the end of the surgery and the total dose of lappaconitine was 36 mg. Tramadol (100 mg) was intravenously dripped to patients in the tramadol group 30 min before ending the operation. PICA was started as soon as the end of the surgery and the total dose of tramadol was 900 mg. Pethidine (50 mg) and droperidol (2. 5 mg) was intramuscularly injected to patients in the blank control group for pain relief according to their complaints. Pain degrees were assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) 12 h before surgery, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after surgery. Blood samples were withdrawn at the same time point. Contents of serum C3 and C4 were determined by immunoturbidimetry.

RESULTSVAS scores of the blank control group were significantly higher after surgery than before surgery (P <0. 01). There was no statistical difference in VAS scores between before surgery and after surgery in the tramadol group and the lappaconitine group (P >0. 05). VAS scores were significantly lower at each post-surgery time point in the tramadol group and the lappaconitine group than in the blank control group with statistical difference (P < 0.01). There was no statistical difference in VAS scores at each post-surgery time point between the tramadol group and the lappaconitine group (P >0. 05). Compared with before surgery, contents of serum C3 and C4 significantly decreased in all of the three groups at 12, 24, and 48 h after surgery (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). They recovered to the pre-surgery level till 72 h after surgery (P > 0.05). Serum C3 and C4 contents at 48 h after surgery were higher in the tramadol group than in the blank control group (P < 0.05). Serum C3 and C4 contents at 24 and 48 h after surgery were higher in the lappaconitine group than in the blank control group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in serum C3 and C4 contents at each time point between the tramadol group and the lappaconitine group (P > 0.05). VAS scores were obviously negatively correlated with serum contents of C3 and C4 (r = -0.622, r = -0.649, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSLappaconitine (used at the dose in this study) showed better pain relief effect after surgery. Besides, it could inhibit the surgic wound and pain, and elevate serum contents of C3 and C4.

Aconitine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled ; methods ; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic ; therapeutic use ; Complement C3 ; metabolism ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; Orthopedic Procedures ; Pain Measurement ; Pain, Postoperative ; Postoperative Period ; Rectum ; surgery ; Tramadol

Humans ; Tinnitus ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective To evaluate the effects of adenovirus-thediated PTEN gene transfer on growth and invasion of H22 cells in vitro. Methods H22 cells were tnmsfected with Ad-PTEN and Ad-PTENG-129R it vitro, The mRNA expressions of PTEN were detected with RT-PCR. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Invasion of H22 in vitro was observed using Boyden chamber. Results Gene and protein expressions of PTEN were shown to be up-regulated when H22 was transfected with Ad-PTEN. MTT assay showed that the group transfected with Ad-PTEN had much lower cell viability than other groups (P<0.05) . The number of 1422 invasion cells in the group of Ad-PTEN was (15.64±3.27) %, which was lower than the number in other groups (P<0.05). Conclusion These results imply that the number of H22 invasion cells was significantly decreased after infected with Ad-PTEN in vitro.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of osteopontin (OPN) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its pathogenic role in SLE by studying the correlation between OPN and clinical manifestations,laboratory parameters and disease activity.Methods The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to measure the level of OPN in serum of 68 SLE patients and 20 healthy controls.the clin-ical data and laboratory parameters were recorded.Results The positive rate of OPN was 79.41%in 68 SLEpatients and could not be detected in healthy controls.Compared with healthy controls.the positive rate and level of OPN in SLE patients was significantly higher(P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in age.gender and disease duration between OPN positive and negative lupus patients(P＞0.05).The Drevalence of fever,hair loss,WBC decrease,liver damage,serum C4 decrease,proteinuria and anti-dsDNA antibody in OPN positive SLE were significantly higher than those of OPN negative SLE(P＜0.05).The positive rate of serum OPN in SLE patients was significantly higher than that of anti-dsDNA antibody and anti-Sm antibody (P＜0.01).The level of plasma OPN was associated with systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI)(r=0.292,P＜0.05).The positive rate and level of OPN in active SLE patients was significantly higher than that of inactive SLE patients(P＜O.05).Conclusion The level of plasma OPN has a close rela-tionship with the activity of SLE.It may serve as an active disease marker of SLE.

AIM: To quantify cyclooxygenase - 2 (COX - 2) mRNA in carcinoma of larynx and evaluate the correlation between the quantity of COX - 2 mRNA and clinical staging or histological grade. METHODS: The expression of COX - 2mRNA in 30 cases of carcinoma of larynx tissue and adjacent non - cancerous tissues were evaluated by PCR, which includes a fluorescence dye , SYBR green Ⅰ , and the sequence specific primer. The GAPDH was used as control. RESULTS: The specificity of products was proved to be COX - 2 and GAPDH by the analysis of the melting curve of the amplified products and agarose gel electrophoresis. The expression of COX - 2 mRNA was detected in all cancerous tissues of 30 patients (100%), but only in 12 adjacent non - cancerous tissues of 30 patients (40%). The NCOX value of carcinoma of larynx tissue and adjacent non - cancerous tissues was 16.54 ± 13.27 and 9.24 ± 6.91, respectively, and the expression levels of COX- 2 mRNA elevated significantly in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissue and there were significant correlation between the expression levels of COX - 2mRNA and clinical stage or histological grade. CONCLUSION: The expression of COX - 2 mRNA in carcinoma of larynx can be determined by real - time PCR technique. An increase in COX - 2 mRNA may be associated with carcinogenesis of carcinoma of larynx, and it may be useful as a biomarker in laryngeal cancer.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of Ezrin and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and their correlation to malignant proliferation of colonic adenoma. MethodExpressions of Ezrin,iNOS and nuclear Ki-67 antigen were detected by immunohistochemistry in tubular adenoma (60 cases),villous adenoma(40 cases) and malignant (30 cases ) pleomorphic adenoma. ResultsExpressions of Ezrin,iNOS in tubular adenoma [58.3％ (35/60), 50.0％ (30/60)], villous adenoma [72.5％ (29/40), 70.00(28/40)]and malignant pleomorphic adenoma [96.7％(29/30),93.3％(28/30)]were gradually increased ( X2 = 11.600,P = 0.005; X2 = 8.451, P = 0.015 ). There was a significant positive correlation between the expression of Ezrin and iNOS (r = 0.765, P ＜ 0.01 ). Nuclear Ki-67 antigen proliferation index was increased with the increasing of Ezrin and iNOS expressions. ConclusionOverexpression of Ezrin and iNOS may promote proliferation and malignant transformation of colonic adenoma.

Objective To explore a surgical therapy on close depressed fracture of the skull.Methods Ni-Ti form memory-alloy cramps were fixed on between the depressed bone and the normal surrounding skull in 16 patients with close depressed fracture of the skull.Results The follow up was 5～54 months(average 26 months).It indicated that there was no displacement and depressing of the fixed bone, no subcutaneous collection of fluid, no reject reaction and inflammation, and no erosion. The fixed bone and skull density showed normal by X ray and the fixed cramp did not disturb CT and MR scaning. All patients declared no mental burden and felt safe.Conclusion The Ni-Ti form memory-alloy cramp has a good mechanical restoration force and a good plastic effect,but no complication,it can increase the ability to resist external force in fracture region, and the surgical procedure is very simple, therefore it is ideal to treat the depressed fracture of skull.

To provide suggestions for perfecting essential drug centralized bidding and purchasing system. Methods:Using literature method to analyze comparatively essential drug bidding purchasing implement plans of 30 provinces in China. Results:Bidding mode in most provinces was double envelope system. Most evaluation methods did not distinguish the quality level, while there were great differences among provincial evaluation standard and scores of economic, technical and business bidding. Conclusion: To explore scientific and reasonable evaluation standard, it needs to establish an authoritative evaluation system for reference, choose the objective index as far as possible and properly increase the amount of bidding manufacturer.

AIM: To quantify cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA in carcinoma of larynx and evaluate the correlation between the quantity of COX-2 mRNA and clinical staging or histological grade. METHODS: The expression of COX-2 mRNA in 30 cases of carcinoma of larynx tissue and adjacent non-cancerous tissues were evaluated by PCR, which includes a fluorescence dye , SYBR green Ⅰ, and the sequence specific primer. The GAPDH was used as control. RESULTS: The specificity of products was proved to be COX-2 and GAPDH by the analysis of the melting curve of the amplified products and agarose gel electrophoresis. The expression of COX-2 mRNA was detected in all cancerous tissues of 30 patients (100%), but only in 12 adjacent non-cancerous tissues of 30 patients (40%). The N_ COX value of carcinoma of larynx tissue and adjacent non-cancerous tissues was 16.54?13.27 and 9.24?6.91, respectively, and the expression levels of COX-2 mRNA elevated significantly in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissue and there were significant correlation between the expression levels of COX-2 mRNA and clinical stage or histological grade. CONCLUSION: The expression of COX-2 mRNA in carcinoma of larynx can be determined by real-time PCR technique. An increase in COX-2 mRNA may be associated with carcinogenesis of carcinoma of larynx, and it may be useful as a biomarker in laryngeal cancer.