This article described the importance of mechanism refonil in the graduate student training and presented its contents.Also,It summarized the characteristics of the reforill proposals in some universities,and analyzed the problems required to attend and solve ia the refogln.The characteristics of the proposals included to set up innovative fund by university,to perform the student awarded police of tutor leading,to establish the scientific system in recruiting students.By analyzing the problems developed during the reform four measures were lannched,which included to establish evaluating system in assessing students,to create a good relationship between students and tutors,to improve the ability and morality of tutors,and to adjust the management method of research funding.It would be possible to reach the objective of perfecting the reform proposal during the implementation of the measures.

ObjectiveTo overview the relationship between translational medicine and Chinese medicine, and the developments of translational medicine in TCM. MethodsResearch and reporting literatures on translational medicine m TCM and western medicine were collated and analyzed. The development and application of translational medicine was introduced. ResultsTranslational medicine has been successfully introduced into the realm of TCM applications and researches. ConclusionThe rise of translational medicine will promote the development of Chinese medicine and provide better opportunities for innovation.

The establishment of overseas traditional Chinese medical book database provides a new approach to help Chinese medical researchers to catch on the overseas Chinese medicine development. Overseas traditional Chinese medical book database is introduced and the overseas development of Chinese medicine has been discussed by using statistic results from the database in this paper.

This paper discussed key factors and significations of development and construction of professional traditional Chinese medical library alliance. The targets of establishing the alliance is to provide on-line cooperative catalogue, documents exchange and OPAC (online public access catalog), the prescription of the alliance construction, and the latest trend of the alliance. The paper also explored the policy for constructing library alliaqce and put forward the developing treads of this alliance.

Objective To explore the main affecting factors on sanitary quality of public places and to assess the sanitary quality scientifically. Methods The sanitary qualities of 6 kinds of public places of entertainment in Taiyuan during 1998～2000 were assessed using the method of compreheusive fuzzy assessmeat. Results All of 6 kinds of public places revealed similar sanitary qualities. All of the sanitary indexes accorded with the related National Sanitary Standards. The sanitary qualities were better for ballrooms, theaters, bar and billiard rooms in hotels with Grade Ⅰ quality, and were worse for tennis and bowling halls with Grade Ⅱ quality. The assessments on single index showed that the affecting factors of sanitary quality of public places of entertainment were the levels of CO2, noise and CO. Conclusion The sanitary quality of entertainment public places was better during 1998～2000.

Objective To study whether the mechanism of mifepristone in treating adenomyosis is suppressing matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1(MMP-9/TIMP-1). Methods Thirty-five patients in the mifepristone treated group(19 cases of adenomyosis) and the control group(16 cases of adenomyosis,non-drug treated) underwent hysterectomy.Endometrium was looked as eutopic endometrium and adenomyosis as ectopic endometrium.Expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in eutopic and ectopic endometrium were measured by immunohistochemical techniques. Results The ectopic endometrium of the mifepristone treated group expressed lower level of MMP-9,higher level of TIMP-1 and lower ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 than the ectopic endometrium of the control group(P

Objective To investigate the relationship of plasma level of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in patients with essential hypertension. Methods The plasma level of BNP was measured with electrochemiluminescence immunoassay method in 32 hyper- tensive patients without left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (NLVH group), 30 patients with essen- tial hypertension with LVH (LVH group), and 30 healthy adults (control group). Doppler echocar- diography was employed to determine left ventrieular mass index (LVMI) and observe the correlation of plasma BNP level with LVMI. Results The plasma BNP level was significantly elevated in LVH group than that of NLVH group and control group (P<0.01). The plasma BNP level was significant- ly higher in NLVH group than that of control group (P<0.01). BNP level was positively correlated with LVMI in hypertensive patients with LVH (r= 0.64, P<0. 01). Conclusion BNP level may reflex the degree of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with essential hypertension.

Objective To evaluate the key points of anesthetic management for retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy combined with inferior vena cava ( IVC ) tumor thrombectomy. Methods Perioperative clinical data of 3 patients undergoing retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy combined with IVC tumor thrombectomy from December 2010 to June 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 2 cases of level Ⅰthrombus and 1 case of level Ⅱthrombus.All the patients were given general anesthesia with intubation.Brief inferior vena cava occlusion was performed in the patient with level Ⅱ thrombus. Results The operation was completed smoothly in all the cases without conversions to open surgery. The operating time was 244, 333, and 289 min, respectively. The total IVC control time for level Ⅱ thrombus was 10 min.No intraoperative pulmonary embolism and other severe anesthetic complications occurred. One patient with level ⅠIVC thrombus was extubated and sent back to surgical ward after surgery, and the remaining 2 patients underwent intensive care monitoring overnight and were extubated and discharged to surgical ward on the next day. Conclusions Retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy and IVC thrombectomy is a brand-new, difficult but feasible procedure. Anesthesiologist should have a full recognition of surgical procedures and make perfect anesthetic plan to ensure close collaboration. Furthermore, circulatory swing during IVC clamping and perioperative severe complications such as pulmonary embolization and massive hemorrhage cannot be neglected.

ABSTRACT:Chlamydiae are obligate intracellular bacteria with a unique biphasic developmental cycle ,and have close rela‐tionships with human .Emerging Chlamydia species such as Chlamydia ibidis ,Chlamydia avium and Chlamydia gallinacea changed the chlamydial taxonomy .The biggest change is the abandon of genus Chlamydophilaand its previous six species were recombined into genus Chlamydia ,which in together with the emerging species ,expands genus Chlamydia to 12 species .This paper briefly reviewed the latest taxonomy of Chlamydiae and their identification methods ,which include the classical biological characteristics and physico‐chemical properties ,modern molecular genetics ,and the newly developed whole genome analysis . Presently ,molecular genetics methods ,including sequence analysis of 16S rRNA ,ompA and other Chlamydia‐specific genes , are commonly used for chlamydial identification .

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of 1,25-droxyvitamin D3 on nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)in patients with spinal tuberculosis and to explore its immunoregulation function.METHODS:Patients' PBMC were assigned to test group in which DHVD3 was added or control group in which culture medium was added,then cultured after BCG vaccine inoculation.Cultured supernatant fluid from isolated PBMC was collected at 0,3,6,9,12 days respectively for measuring of relative optical density(OD)of NO by nitric oxide kit.Total RNA extracted from the PBMC was reverse transcribed to cDNA and amplificated by fluorecent real-time quantitative PCR on the sixth day;mRNA of target gene iNOS and reference gene 3-GAPD were analyzed and compared by relative quantitative method 2-??Ct.RESULTS:OD value of NO and mRNA of iNOS in test group were all higher than in control group(P