Objective To explore the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) on vascular damage characteristics of acute cerebral infarction and the impact on the short term prognosis.Methods One hundred and fifty-six cases of acute cerebral infarction patients were selected and divided into the T2DM group with 64 cases and non-T2DM group with 92 examples.According to the whole cerebral angiogram,the results and the results of the treatment of acute cerebral infarction and prognosis were analyzed.Results The incidence of intracranial artery stenosis of the T2DM group was 79.69％ (51/64),of non-T2DM group was 58.70％ (54/92),the difference between two groups was significant(x2=12.856,P＜0.05).The incidence of before andafter intracranial artery stenosis coexist,circulation narrow coexist in T2DM group was 50.00％ (32/64),59.36％(38/64) respectively,in non-T2DM group was 21.74％(20/92),29.35％(27/92) respectively,the difference between groups was significant(x2 =9.652,8.659;P＜0.05).The incidence of multivessel lesions and diffuse lesions and without collateral compensatory in T2DM group was 71.88％ (46/64),65.63％ (42/64) and 71.88％(46/64) respsctively,in non-T2DM group was 54.35％(59/92),39.13％(36/92) and 31.52％(29/92) respectively,thedifference between groups was significant(x2=8.625,9.354,11.053;P＜0.05).The total effective rate after 2 weeks of treatment in T2DM group was 46.88％(30/64),in non-T2DM group was 90.22％(83/92),the difference between groups was significant(x2=8.061,P＜0.05).Conclusion The incidence of intracranial artery stenosis in patients with intracranial artery stenosis combined with T2DM is higher than the control group,and lesion range widely,diffuse damage,vascular damage moderately severe stenosis and occlusion are significantly higher than in non-T2DM group,especially without collateral compensatory rates is higher than non-T2DM group,while the neural function damage of T2DM group is heavier and poorer prognosis.

Objective To systematically search,evaluate and summarize the best evidence for prevention and management of extravasation in peripheral intravenous infusion in NICU neonates,and provide a reference for clinical practice and standard formulation.Methods A comprehensive systematic search of websites and databases was conducted to explore literature on prevention and management of extravasation in NICU neonates,including clinical decisions,guidelines,expert consensuses,evidence summaries and systematic reviews.The search encompassed the entire period from database inception to July 2023.2 researchers independently evaluated the quality of the literature,extracted and integrated the evidence.Results The study included a total of 9 articles,comprising 1 clinical decision,3 guidelines,3 expert consensus documents,and 2 evidence summaries.Ultimately,25 pieces of evidence were synthesized,covering risk factors,catheter indwelling and maintenance,extravasation assessment and treatment,and team building,education and training.Conclusion The evidence provided practical and specific recommendations that can guide healthcare institutions in formulating strategies to prevent and treat extravasation during peripheral intravenous infusion in NICU neonates,while also offering evidence-based guidance for applying the evidence in clinical practice.