OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of in situ intestinal absorption of mangiferin in rats.METHODS: The in situ intestinal perfusion model was employed.HPLC/UV was developed to determine the concentration of mangiferin in intestinal circulated fluid.The effects of mangiferin concentration,bile and absorption site on the absorption parameters were studied.RESULTS:The mangiferin at a concentration from 5.0 to 25.0 ?g?mL-1 had no influence on the intestinal absorption kinetics(Ka) but it did at a concentration below 12.5 ?g?mL-1 in biliary duct-ligated rats.The absorption rate constants(Ka) in descending order were 0.164 h-1(ileum),0.132 h-1(jejunum),0.125 h-1(colon) and 0.107 h-1(duodenum),respectively.CONCLUSION: The absorption of mangiferin is in line with first-order kinetics with passive diffusion absorption mechanism.Mangiferin is well absorbed at all segments of intestine in rats,and bile is conducive to the increase of the permeability coefficient of Mangiferin in intestine.

Objective To explore the effect of montelukast combined with budesonide for treating acute bronchial asthma, pulmonary function improvement and to provide the basis for clinical treatment.Methods 192 patients with acute asthma were selected.They were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the admission order and odd and even numbers randomly, 96 patients in each group.The control group was treated with budesonide based on routine treatment, and the observation group was given budesonide formoterol based on the control group.The clinical effect, pulmonary function (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1),FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) the percentage of predicted value index percentage were observed.The daytime and night asthma symptoms and airway reactivity score: early respiratory resistance (Rrsc) and response threshold (Dmin) were assessed.Results The cough disappeared, shortness of breath, wheezing relieving, moist rales disappeared and wheeze disappeared time of the observation group after treatment were (5.92±1.03)d,(3.48±0.71)d,(3.74±0.69)d,(5.32±0.96)d and (5.12±0.77)d, which were lower than those of the control group (t=9.31,7.26,8.11,9.02,8.31,all P<0.05).The daytime and nighttime asthma symptom scores of the observation group after treatment were (0.54±0.31)points and (0.62±0.29)points, which were lower than those of the control group (t=7.90,7.33,all P<0.05).Rrsc score of the observation group after treatment was (2.20±0.56)points, which was lower than that of the control group (t=7.86,P<0.05).The Dmin score of the observation group after treatment was (8.33±0.81)points, which was higher than that of the control group (t=9.15,P<0.05).FEV1,FEV1/FVC and PEF of the two groups after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment(all P<0.05).FEV1,FEV1/FVC and PEF of the observation group after treatment were (2.95±0.58)L,(71.91±0.69) and (96.45±6.11), which were higher than those of the control group after treatment (t=7.60,9.45,10.21,all P<0.05).Conclusion Montelukast combined with budesonide formoterol in the treatment of acute attack of bronchial asthma has better effect, could significantly reduce the symptoms of asthma patients and shorten the treatment time with synergistic effect, and improve the pulmonary ventilation function of the patients.

China ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Meridians ; Phytotherapy ; Taiwan ; Yin-Yang

Adult ; Death, Sudden ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Trichloroethylene ; poisoning

Objective To evaluate the current knowledge and practice of evidence-based nursing for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and its influencing factors in ICU nurses. Methods Selfadministered structured questionnaire was used in 101 ICU nurses working in one grade three A hospital of Jiangsu province by convenient sampling method. The results underwent statistical description and variance analysis. Results The mean score of knowledge about evidence-based nursing to prevent VAP was (4.75±1.42) (total score=10),the mean score of practice was (3.32±0.32) (total score=4). The influencing factors of knowledge in ICU nurses were different divisions and ICU working years. Different ICU working years resulted in different behavior of nurses. Most nurses considered that nursing work was too busy due to serious condition of patients, which was the principal interfering factor in practice of evidence-based nursing for preventing VAP. Conclusions Further expertise of ventilator-associated pneumonia training and evidence-based nursing education are urgently required. The best-practice guidelines for preventing VAP are more often consummated. Whilst encouraging the reasonable personnel disposition and the essential facilities are priority. Effective fulfillmere in evidence-based practice to prevent VAP may be achieved by broader adjustment of the medical system and the medical cost structure, so that evidence-based nursing for preventing VAP can be put into effect.

Animal model plays an important role in prevention and control of infectious disease, which could link basic research in laboratory with clinical diagnosis and treatment for human patients.Mouse is the most widely used animal model of infectious disease, however, adult immunocompetent mice are resistant to some pathogens.The highly genetically diverse Collaborative Cross (CC) mice could recapitulate many of the genetic characteristics of an outbred population, such as humans.Based on this, this review will focus on the application and research progress of CC mice in infectious disease (including viruses, bacteria, fungi etc.), which could provide useful reference data for expansion of animal model resource bank, and implement of precision medicine of major and new emerging infectious diseases.We hope this review could serve as a modest spur to induce other researchers to come forward with their valuable contributions.

Six cases of T-cell lyrnphoma associated with reactive histiocytic hyperplasia with hemophagocytosis (HHH) localized primarily to the skin and subcutaneous fat were described. Initial biopsy findings may he misinterpreted as benign panniculitis. Four of which were progressive, recurrent, even fatal (follow-up for 8-36 months). Histologically the lesions of all cases were composed of a mixture of small and medium sized atypical lymphoid cells and benign hemophagocytes infiltrated with neutrophils and eosinophils between fat cells. The mechanism and differential diagnosis of the disease were discussed.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological features of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients who are return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) on scene. Methods According to Utstein style,we collected the clinical data of OHCA patients who are ROSC on scene from the pre-hospital on the call of 120 of Henan Provincial People ' s Hospital from January 2012 to December 2016. We analyzed the data by SPSS 20.0 software. Results Among a total of 29 patients were enrolled,9(31.03%)were ROSC ≥ 6h,and 20 (68.97%)were ROSC < 6 h. There were no significant difference in the two groups in patients' age,sex,arrest location,witnessed by bystander,bystander CPR,initial arrest rhythm,etiology,the use of epinephrine. None of patients were survival in the group of ROSC≥6 h. The average length of hospital stay was(44.15 ± 34.16)hours, while the shortest length of hospital stay was 12.08 hours and the longest length of hospital stay was 125.75 hours. The ratio of emergency response time to the return to hospital time were 4.55 min ± 2.46 min vs 6.45 min ± 3.60 min,P=0.014 in all patients. The emergency response time consumes more time. Conclusion The hospitalized survival rate of ROSC patients is low. The occurrence of OHCA needs early prevention. The short-term survival(6 h)is not affected by the patients' basic situation and the first-aid situation.

Cardiac arrest (CA) is an acute critical illness with the high occurrence in the world. The directions of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) development are to improve CA patients' survival rate and to decrease the poor prognosis. β-blockers can selectively block the neurotransmitter or receptor agonists. They offer beneficial pharmacological properties and have been widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Based on the search result of the domestic and foreign medical databases, the usage of β-blockers including clinical research, animal experiments and clinical work of CPR patients was summarized. Finally, the CPR research progress of β-blockers in recent years was reviewed in the article.

Objective:To establish the analysis method for the determination of Ni, Cu and Zn in aluminum food packaging mate-rials by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry ( ICP-AES) . Methods: A small amount of EDTA was added to the test solution till the concentration at 0. 010 0 mol·L-1 and the pH value was adjusted to 5. 0. Strong acid cation exchange fibers were used for the assisted extraction of Al3+ with ultrasonic. Al3+ could not quickly form a complex anion with EDTA, so it was adsorbed by the strong acid cation exchange fibers. Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ could form complex anions with EDTA rapidly, so they could not be ad-sorbed by the strong acid cation exchange fibers and were left in the solution to be determined. Results:After the separation, the con-tents of Cu, Ni and Zn were not lost, and the content of residual aluminum was about 170 times of that of Cu, Ni and Zn, which had not interferece with the determination of Cu, Ni and Zn. The sample standard addition recovery was within the range of 98. 3%-104%with RSD of 0. 2%-2. 5%(n=5). The relative errors between the measured values and the certified values of standard substances were less than 5. 0%. Conclusion:The proposed method can be successfully applied in the separation and determination of Cu, Ni and Zn in aluminum cans, barbecue aluminum foil and standard substances.