Objective To explore correlation between gene polymorphism of TNF-alpha and thyroid associated ophtalmopa thy (TAO) in Zhuang ethnic population.Methods DNA and serum samples were collected in patients with TAO in Han/Zhuang population.ELISA was applied to detect level of TNF-alpha in serum and PCR was applied to detect polymorphism of TNF-alpha gene 863C_A.Results The levels of TNF-alpha in patients with TAO increased significantly compared with control group (P ＜ 0.05),and more significantly in Zhuang population compared with Han population (P ＜ 0.05) ;gene frequency of CA was significantly higher in patients with TAO in Zhuang population than that in Han population (P ＜ 0.05),while gene frequency of AA was significantly lower (x2 =0.770,2.145,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Serum level of TNF-alpha increases during occurrence of TAO,and the differences of expression level between different nationalities are due to gene polymorphism of TNF-alpha.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the status quo and problems of the construction of pharmacy staff team from Hubei Wuling mountainous area,and to provide reference for the formulation of construction plan of pharmacy staff team. METHODS:Using questionnaire survey and telephone interviews,the pharmacy staff of 22 hospitals at second level or above from Hubei Wul-ing mountainous area during 2011-2014 were investigated in terms of number,age,educational background,professional title,etc. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:The shortage of pharmacy staff is seious in 22 hospitals at second level or above from this areas (open 10 606 beds,should be staffed 956 pharmacy personnel,actual number of pharmacy personnel is 502);the age structure is unreasonable,and only 220 pharmacy staff aged under 35 year-old;highly educated pharmacy staff accounted for low proportion, and bachelor degree or above took up 29.5%;pharmacy staff with professional title took up low proportion,and pharmacy staff with high,middle and junior professional titles accounted for 1:5:4. The situation of pharmacy staff in the region can be improved through following measures,including striving for policy recommendations,continuously enriching the quantity of pharmacy staff, integrating scientifically and building reasonable talent tem gradually,introducing talents,optimizing education structure of pharma-cy staff,strengthening the training,improving operation level of pharmacy staff,etc.

The structure, pharmaceutical functions and extraction and isolation methods of chlorgenic acid were reviewed to provide references for the research of chlorogenic acids and the production of the medicines chlorogenic acids.

Objective: To establish the determination of imperatorin and isoimperatorin in Tongketing Capsule (Radix Angelicae Dahuricae, Pheretima, etc.) by HPLC. Methods: The determination was carried out by HPLC. The mobile phase was acetonitrile water (60∶40) and UV detection wavelength was set at 245nm . The flow rate was 1.0mL?min -1 . The column temperature was 40℃ . Results: There were the good linear relationship between the absorption area value and the concentration in the range of 65?g～325?g for imperatorin and in the range of 50?g～250?g for isoimperatorin, respectively. The average recoveries were 98.3% ( RSD = 1.73% ) and 98.7% ( RSD = 1.65% ), respectively. Conclusion: The method is simple, accurate and can be used to determine imperatorin and isoimperatorin in Tongketing Capsule.

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is one of the primary causative agents of hand, foot and mouth disease in children and closely associated with severe neurological complications and even deaths.EV71 outbreaks have occurred throughout the Asia-Pacific region since 1990s, posing global public health threat;however, no specific therapeutic strategy exists for severe EV71 infection.Several inactivated vaccine products have entered or finished the clinical trial stage, and some novel vaccine candidates, including live attenuated, subunit, and virus-like particle, show great potential for further develop-ment.This review summarizes the present situation and progress in the development of EV71 vaccines.

After analyzing current different understandings on the theory of spleen taking charge of energy of long summer, the author put forward the essential connotation that the spleen is a self-balanced regulation system based on time, and the spleen mainly regulates the body in long summer. The spleen is exteriorly-interiorly related to the stomach. The spleen governs ascending and the stomach governs descending, which actually summarizes the function of the whole digestive system. The spleen and stomach co-keep the self-balanced condition for the body, through the coordination of receiving and transportation, ascending and descending, dryness and dampness. The spleen is respon-sible for transportation and transformation, ascending of the clear, with a preference for dryness and aversion to dampness, which is regarded as Taiyin wet earth, corresponding with dampness in the long summer. The stomach governs receiving and descending, with a preference for moistness and aversion to dryness, which is considered to be the Y angming dry earth. In the long summer, spleen deficiency due to dampness retention may lead to hypo-func-tions of transporting and transforming, ascending of the clear; stomach excess thanks to the help of moistness and heat may lead to relative hyper-functions of receiving and decomposing food, as well as descending. The functional condition of spleen deficiency and stomach excess duo to abundant dampness in the long summer plays a dominant role in regulation on their own system and other four zang-organs; in other seasons, the functions of spleen and stomach are in a subordinate state assisting or inhibiting other four zang-organs, in pace with time, to keep balanced condition for the body, through their characteristics of nourishing and transforming. Due to spleen deficiency and stomach excess in the long summer, manifestations of the body are hyper-function of digestion and hypo-function of absorption, and may easily lead to problems in the digestive system, such as abdominal distension and loose stool. Correct understanding on the essential connotation of spleen taking charge of energy of long summer has an impor-tant significance on the pathology, diagnosis, prevention, healthcare and treatment of seasonal attacks in the digestive system.

BACKGROUND: 6-minute walking test (6MWT) is a submaximal test, characterizing by easily processing and low cost, thus it is widely used in the clinic. However, how to change walking distance into maximal motor capacity needs to be further studied.OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation of 6-minute walking distance (D), work (W), peak oxygen uptake (VO_2 peak) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO_2 max) detected by Bruce.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: This study was performed at tshe Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongda Hospital affiliated to Southeast University from March to May 2009.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 25 healthy volunteers were enrolled, including 14 males and 11 females, with a mean age of (22.0±2.3) years.METHODS: All 25 subjects were tested with cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) according to Bruce, VO_2 max and anaerobic threshold (AT) was detected respectively, then 6MWT" was adopted to detect 6-minute walking distance (D), work (W) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO_2 max) of subjects. Data of pulmonary gas exchange in breathing was detected by wireless remote sensor K4b~2 to obtain VO_2 max and VO_2 peak.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Regularity of cardiac rate, oxygen uptake and respiratory frequency varied with time passing; ② Walking distance, work, oxygen uptake, cardiac rate and respiratory frequency were compared before and after testing; ③ Maximal oxygen uptake and anaerobic threshold with CPET were compared to peal oxygen uptake with 6MWT; ④ Correlation of distance, work between maximal oxygen uptake and peal oxygen uptake.RESULTS: There was no significant difference between AT from CPET and VO2 peak from 6MWT (P > 0.05). 6-minute walking distance was not correlated with either VO_2 peak or VO_2 max. However, 6-minute walking work was linearly correlated with both VO2 peak (r=0.779 7, P < 0.001) and VO_2 max (r=0.894 1, P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: 6-minute walking test is an exercise test at level of anaerobic threshold. 6-minute walking work can reflect both submaximal exercise capacity and maximal exercise capacity.

The case of a 49-years-old man complained of pharyngalgia for one year and shortness of breath after activities for one week. Endoscopic laryngeal examination and computed tomography revealed a supraglottic mass. Direct laryngoscopy was performed and biopsy of the mass was carried out. Results of the histopathologic examination and immunohistochemical analysis were consistent with atypical carcinoid tumor of the larynx.
Carcinoid Tumor ; pathology ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis

BACKGROUND:With the development of the research, induced pluripotent stem cel s are applied to the build of disease model, drug screening, regenerative medicine, and many other research fields, and have made significant achievements, especial y in the study of nervous system diseases.
OBJECTIVE:To summarize the recent development of induced pluripotent stem cel s and to raise problems and prospects based on the latest research in this field.
METHODS:The first author searched the PubMed database for articles about the induced pluripotent stem cel s, including reviews, clinical research and basic research, published from January 2006 to September 2014. The keywords were“iPS, induced pluripotent stem cel”, and final y 60 articles were included in result analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Induced pluripotent stem cel research continues to make breakthrough from its discovery by Yamanaka’s team in 2006 to winning Nobel Prize in 2012. Induced pluripotent stem cel research has broad prospects in the disease model construction, drug screening and regenerative medicine. Currently, problems such as reprogramming methods, cel stability, and clinical transformation stil need to be solved, and further researches are necessary.

Objective To investigate morbidity and analyze high risk factors of nosocomial infection in patients who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in our ICU, in order to draft possible preventive strategies. Methods The clinical data of 56 OLT patients from Apr 2002 to Dec 2004 were analyzed. Results Significantly high APACHE Ⅱ scores and total plasma bilirubin, low platelet count were found in patients with nosocomial infection. The number of patients who had received an additional operation and broad-spectrum antibiotics before OLT were greater in nosocomial infection (NI) group than in none-nosocomial infection (NNI) group. Notably, the longer the broad-spectrum antibiotics used before OLT, the higher the morbidity rate of nosocomial infection. No significant difference was found in age, Child-Pugh grade and plasma albumin level between the two groups. In addition, APACHE Ⅱ scores and total bilirubin level were significantly higher in patients acquired enterococcal infection than in those infected with other pathogenic microorganisms. Conclusions High APACHE Ⅱ score, high total bilirubin level, low platelet count and length of use of broad-spectrum antibiotics before OLT were closely associated with nosocomial infection. As an important indicator, change in total bilirubin level not only represented the liver function ,but also was one of the high risk factors to nosocomial infection in patients undergoing OLT.