Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a kind of abnormal proliferation of malignant tumor diseases originated in lymphocytes,which is the most common malignant tumor in children.Although stratified treatment has significantly improved the efficacy of ALL in children,but 15％-20％ of the patients still have ultimately relapsed due to the minimal residual disease(MRD).MRD refers to the leukemia patients after induction chemotherapy complete remission (or bone marrow transplant),in vivo residual morphology which could not be detected in trace amounts of leukemia cells.The detection methods of MRD mainly include flow cytometry,quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immune repertoire sequencing.MRD level detection is of great important to judge the prognosis,and to guide the risk grouping and individual treatment,and so on.Now,the progress in the clinical application of MRD in children with ALL in recent years was reviewed.

Objective To get a new approach for conserving the germplasm of Siraitia grosvenorii Methods Shoots, 0.8—1 cm in length, excised from test-tube plantlets which were subcultured 15 d, were precultured. Then its shoot-tips about 2—3 mm in length were dissected and loaded with 60% PVS2 at 25 ℃, and dehydrated with 100% PVS2 at 0 ℃, changed for fresh 100% PVS2 prior to directly plunging into liquid nitrogen. After cryopreservation for 24 h, the shoot tips were thawed, rinsed in MS+1.2 mol/L sucrose medium, blotted with filter papers, then plated on the MS + 1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.05 mg/L NAA + 0.1 mg/LGA3 + 0.8% agar + 45 g/L sucrose medium at 25 ℃ for 7 d in dark prior to exposure to the light. The root medium for regeneration plantlets was 1/2 MS + 0.2 mg/L NAA + 30 g/L sucrose. Results Shoots were precultured for 3 d on MS + 0.7 mol/L sucrose medium, then its shoot-tips loaded for 40 min, dehydrated for 50 min. After cryopreservation, the shoot tips were rapidly thawed in water at 40 ℃, then rinsed for 40 min. The survival rate of shoot-tips plated on the recovering medium in one week was 100%, and regeneration rate after 30 d was 78.33%, which was the highest. The regeneration plantlets inoculated on root medium were reconstructed integrating plantlets. Conclusion The method of vitrification to cryopreserve the germplasm of S. grosvenorii is a simple way with high survival rate and normal regeneration plants.

Sera were collccted from mice immunized separately with schizonts, merozoitcs or different parasite stages, or from mice which had been recovered from Plasmodium yoelii yoelii infection. The effect of protection of cach serum against P. y. infection was assayed by passivc transfer technique. It was shown that only sera collected from mice which either had been trcated with chloroquine or had been naturally recovcred from P. y. infections can transfer certain dcgree of resistance to normal mice. The cffectivc sera delayed the appearance and the peak of parasitemia, and prolonged the survival time of the challenged mice. After these sera were fractionatcd by 50%(NH4)2SO4 precipitation, the prccipitated fraction showed similar degree of protection as the non-fractionated sera. Chloroquine-treated serum was shown to be able to inhibit the invasion of new erythrocytes by marozoite in vitro. 35S-methionine-labelcd antigens were precipitated by protective or non-protective sera and the bands were compared on SDS-PAGE and autoradiogram. Since thc antigcn bands of 245, 210, 190, 156 and 130 KD can only bc precipitated by protective sera but not by non-protectivc sera, it is possible that the protection of chloroquine-treated serum is induced by the specific antibodies against the above antigens.

This paper reports reaction of Bacillus lichendermis on the inhibitor vacations. The result Shows that, inhibition of the 500?g/mL of cephalosporin 1000?g/mL of penicillin, 500?g/mL of streptimycin, on the Bacillus Licheniformis,Whe the Phis 7.0. This provides a sicentific basis for using the preparation of Bacillus licheniformis.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological features of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients who are return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) on scene. Methods According to Utstein style,we collected the clinical data of OHCA patients who are ROSC on scene from the pre-hospital on the call of 120 of Henan Provincial People ' s Hospital from January 2012 to December 2016. We analyzed the data by SPSS 20.0 software. Results Among a total of 29 patients were enrolled,9(31.03%)were ROSC ≥ 6h,and 20 (68.97%)were ROSC < 6 h. There were no significant difference in the two groups in patients' age,sex,arrest location,witnessed by bystander,bystander CPR,initial arrest rhythm,etiology,the use of epinephrine. None of patients were survival in the group of ROSC≥6 h. The average length of hospital stay was(44.15 ± 34.16)hours, while the shortest length of hospital stay was 12.08 hours and the longest length of hospital stay was 125.75 hours. The ratio of emergency response time to the return to hospital time were 4.55 min ± 2.46 min vs 6.45 min ± 3.60 min,P=0.014 in all patients. The emergency response time consumes more time. Conclusion The hospitalized survival rate of ROSC patients is low. The occurrence of OHCA needs early prevention. The short-term survival(6 h)is not affected by the patients' basic situation and the first-aid situation.

Carotid artery stenting (CAS) for treating carotid artery stenosis is a recent developed technique which is less invasive and complications. This paper reviewed the progress, procedure, and complications of carotid artery stenting.

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The tight junction of intestinal epithelium plays an important role in maintaining the function of intestinal barrier and regulating the cell differentiation. The intestinal epithelial cells interact with neighboring cells and the extracellular matrix and then affect the epithelial barrier as well as the proliferation, polarization, and apoptosis of cells. As an important cell junction, the tight junction of intestinal epithelium participates in a series of signal transduction pathways including the classic cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A-cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding, inositol trisphosphate, Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and in some special pathways including zonula occludents protein 1-associated Y-box factor,cyclin related protein, phosphorylation, and methylation. Furthermore, regulations of gene and protein expression of the tight junction are also complex, while disorders of such regulations may lead to clinical diseases, such as disruption of the intestinal barrier, refractory infection, and even cancers. This article reviews the research advances in gene expressions, related signal transduction, and self-regulation in the tight junction of intestinal epithelium.

Establishment of depressive animal model is the premise for evaluating the effect and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine on depression. Many traditional Chinese medicines for depressive treatment in a mouse model of experimental studies have demonstrated a sound antidepressant effect, indicating that traditional Chinese medicine treats depression effectively. Therefore, more and more attentions have been paid in recent years. My article made a summary on depressive animal models of experiment study.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of glutamine on the nutritional metabolism and permeability of intestinal mucosa in MODS patients.Methods: The randomized and controlled study was designed.Twenty MODS patients were randomly divided into control group and treatment group.The concentration of serum albumin,transferrin and blood sugar,L(lactulose) and M(mannitol) ratio in urine,nitrogen balance,the related complication were compared and obserwed.Results: In treatment group,the concentration of serum albumin,prealbumin and transferrin were higher than that of control group on the same time and showed significant difference(P