Chinese higher medical education has undergone a series of education reform project .College excellent courses construction is an important component of the project .To enable medical students to master the basic surgi-cal theory and skills, and to develop high -quality, high -level medical personnel , the surgery department in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University has scored some achievements in constructing excellent courses . Some ideas and methods are summarized in the construction of excellent courses .

Animals ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Reactive Nitrogen Species ; metabolism ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism

Background Proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR) is a tissue repair prevention and treatment of PVR in clinic.Natural delayed release microballoons are therefore becoming a hot spot for its easy manipulation,large lading dose and long acting duration.Objective This study was to evaluate the effect of 5-fluorouracil natural delayed release microballoons on the prevention of PVR.Methods The lymphocytes were collected from clean pigment rabbit to prepare the 8×107/ml cell suspension with complete culture fluid.PVR models were established in 45 healthy pigment rabbits by intravitreal injection of lymphocyte suspension.The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups and 15 rabbits for each.0.1ml normal saline,10g/L or 20g/L 5-fluorouracil natural delayed release microballoons were injected into vitreous cavity respectively.PVR was graded on Fastenberg's method under the slit lamp in 1,2,4,8 weeks.The animals were sacrificed and retinas were obtained for the histopathological and ultrastructural examination in the eighth week after administration of drug.Results The numbers of eyes with different grades of PVR were significantly different among 3 groups in 1 week,2,4,8 weeks(P＜0.05).The eye numbers with PVR was significant less in 20g/L Fu group than those of 10g/L Fu group and normal saline group(P＜0.05).There was statistical difference in PVR ranking among these 3 groups in 8 weeks after injection of drug(H=46.795,P＜0.05).The morphology and ultrastructure of retinas under the light microscope and transmission electron microscope were near normal in all of the three groups.Conclusion Implantation of 5-fluorouracil natural delayed release microballoons into vitreous cavity is effective and safe in preventing PVR in experimental model,and the therapeutic effect of microballoons with 20g/L 5-Fu is better.

Objective To observe the immunologic function of critically ill newborn and the relative function of nuclear factor kappa B(NF-?B).Methods The critically ill group contained 50 cases,and 25 cases from healthy newborns were used as control group.Blood samples were collected in each case,levels of cytokine interleukin(IL)-4,interferon(IFN)-?,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-? and NF-?B were detected.Result Compared with control group,NF-?B of the critically ill newborn activated and the cytokine were disorder,and IL-4 and TNF-? increased,but IFN-? decreased.Conclusions Critically ill newborn exist immune functional disorder.Furthermore,NF-?B activation may be involved in the process in infants with critically illness.

BACKGROUND: At present, there has been no definite experiment systemically evaluating adherent separation and density gradient centrifugation to isolate bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Whether the two methods produce different influences on BMSC induction and differentiation remains unclear.OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to verify difference of these two isolation methods in chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A controlled observation was performed at the Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University from March to September 2005. MATERIALS: Twenty Japanese big-ear rabbits, aged 2-3 months, weighing 1.2-2.0 kg, were included for this study. METHODS: BMSCs were isolated by adherent separation and density gradient centrifugation. Two groups of BMSCs were taken from the same passage and induced towards chondrogenic differentiation with transforming growth factor beta 1. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Growth of BMSCs was observed under an inverted microscope to draw growth curves; Type II collagen expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. Type II collagen mRNA expression was determined by in situ hybridization. RESULTS: The growth curves demonstrated that cellular growth velocity of the two groups tended to be the same. Immunohistochemistry results showed that the efficiency of adherent separation and density gradient centrifugation for promoting chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs was 76.1% and 77.7%, respectively, and in situ hybridization results showed that the efficiency was 70.3% and 71.0%, respectively. No significant difference in differentiation efficiency existed between the adherent separation and the density gradient centrifugation. CONCLUSION: Adherent separation and density gradient centrifugation had no different influences on BMSC growth and chondrogenic differentiation.

The preparation method, serum stability, efficiency of cellular uptake and apoptosis induction of the cell penetrating peptide TAT and cleavable PEG co-modified liposomes loaded with paclitaxel (C-TAT-Lipo) were investigated. The best preparation procedure was performed by orthogonal test based on single factor screening method. First, the paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded liposomes were prepared by filming-rehydration method, evaluated with entrapment efficiency and polydispersity index. The morphology of C-TAT-Lipo was characterized by transmission electron microscopy. Turbidity variations were monitored in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS) to evaluate the serum stability of the liposomes developed here. Next, the efficiency of cellular uptake of different Rho-PE-labeled liposomes on B16F1 cells in vitro was evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and flow cytometry. The quantitative analysis of apoptosis induced by different PTX-loaded liposomes was performed by Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. The optimal formulation was as follows: Chol : lipid: 1 : 8 (molar ratio); drug : lipid: 1 : 40 (mass ratio); lipid concentration: 3 mmol x L(-1); temperature of hydration: 25 degrees C. The mean size and polydispersity index of C-TAT-Lipo were about (97.97 +/- 3.68) nm and 0.196 +/- 0.037, the zeta potential was (-0.89 +/- 0.45) mV, the entrapment efficiency of paclitaxel was (90.16 +/- 1.53)%. The particle sizes did not exhibit significant variations in 50% FBS over 24 h at 37 degrees C. The efficiency of cellular uptake of the C-TAT-Lipo increased 1.40 fold following the cleavage of PEG. Apoptosis analysis showed 59.3% increase of the apoptosis and necrosis profile of C-TAT-Lipo after the detachment of PEG shells, which was markedly higher than that of N-TAT-LP with or without glutathione and SL, respectively. The results indicate that the C-TAT-Lipo is successfully prepared by filming-rehydration method and shows significant antitumor activities.
Animals ; Annexin A5 ; Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell-Penetrating Peptides ; pharmacology ; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate ; analogs & derivatives ; Liposomes ; chemistry ; Melanoma, Experimental ; Mice ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Paclitaxel ; pharmacology ; Particle Size ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medical Staff, Hospital ; statistics & numerical data ; Middle Aged ; Nursing Staff, Hospital ; statistics & numerical data ; Sports ; statistics & numerical data

Purpose:To study whether the inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt survival pathway could sensitize the response of tumor cells to some chemotherapyeutic agents. Methods:The different tumor cells has been treated with the combination of isoform specific Akt inhibitor and either adriamycin or camptothecin; the quantitation of the induction of apoptosis by drugs has been estimated with caspase 3 assay; immunoprecipitation western blotting has been used to evaluate the inhibition of the phosphorylation of different isoforms of Akt after the treatment. Results:①The inhibitors could reduce the phosphorylation of Threonine 308 and Serine 473 of isoform specific Akt. ②The inhibition of any one isoform specific Akt could not reverse the resistance of tumor cells tested to chemotherapeutic drugs, but it is not the same case if blocking of two isoforms of both Akt1 and Akt2 was done at the same time. ③The synergistic effects of Akt inhibitors is maybe relative to the level of endogenous PTEN(phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) expression. Conclusions:It is required to inhibit two isoforms of both Akt1 and Akt2 in order to maximally sensitize the tumor cells to chemotherapy.

Objective To investigate the CT appearances of atypical renal angiomyolipoma to raise the CT diagnosing level and search for the differential points from renal angiomyolipoma. Methods Twenty-one patients with atypical renal angiomyolipoma and 24 patients with renal carcinoma underwent CT scan and enhanced scanning. Results CT results showed hyperintense in 12 of all 21 lesions of atypical renal angiomyolipoma,with iso-intensity in 6,hypointense in 3,and levering-cortex-up sign in 9 cases. The tumor body showed homogeneous enhancement on CT enhanced scanning and prolonged enhancement was noted in 7 cases. CT showed hyperintense in 3 of all 24 lesions of renal carcinoma,with mixed intensity in 5,hypointensity in 16,calcification in 2 cases. The majority of the tumor body showed heterogeneous enhancement on CT enhanced scanning with cortical hyperintensity and medullary low-intensity,and with contrast appeared fast wash-in and wash-out. Of all cases,8 presented with pseudo-capsule,7 with tumor embolus formation in the renal vein and inferior vena,10 with retroperitoneal lymphadenectasis,and 3 with intrahepatic metastasis. Conclusion CT scanning proves to play critical role in differentiating the atypical renal angiomyolipoma from renal carcinoma.

p53 gene mutations and their expression in protein levels of colorectal adenomas, carcinomas and regional lymph nodes metastasis were detected by PCR-SSCP and AB-PAP immunohistochemical analysis, respectively. The results showed that p53 gene mutations were detected in 25% colorectal adenomas, 80% carcinomas and 100% regional lymph nodes metastasis. Meanwhile, p53 proteins were detected at rates of 75%, 60% and 57% in these three groups, respectively. It is suggested that p53 gene mutations occur frequently at late stage of progression to colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence and may relate to its metastasis, while the accumulation of p53 protein may be a specific genetic alteration initiated from adenomatous stage. Thus, the biological significances of the two genetic alterations are different. Investigations of these concomitantly would be helpful in understanding the malignant potential of adenoma and evaluation of its staging.