18 dogs with hemorrhagic shock were divided into 3 groups. Group Ⅰwascontrol, group Ⅱ and Ⅲ were jetted with air or oxygen respectively and continuouslyoutside the glottis by HFJV (frequency 80 beat/min, driving pressure 0.2 MPa, I:E timeratio=1:2) during the uncompensated period. Results: Not much difference was foundbetween group Ⅰand Ⅱ in their blood gas, acid-base balance and plasma malondialdehyde(MDA). However, the P_aO_2, P_aCO_2, CO_2, combining power and plasma MDA in group Ⅲwere markedly higher than those of group Ⅰand group Ⅱ (P

OBJECTIVE:To study the association between the reticulated platelets(RP) percentage and aspirin resistance(AR) with the percentage of reticulated platelets in whole blood representing the platelets turnover rate to illuminate the influence of platelets turnover rate on AR.METHODS:The RP percentage and arachidonic acid(AA) and adenosine diphosphate(ADP)-induced platelet aggregation in 80 patients after receiving aspirin(100 mg?day) for no less than 7 days were determined.The patients were divided into AR group,aspirin semi-resistance(ASR) group,and aspirin sensitive(AS) group,and the RP percentage in the three groups were compared.RESULTS:RP percentages in AR,ASR,and AS groups were(4.11?2.62)%,(2.23?1.79)%,and(2.18?1.24)%,respectively,showing signficant differneces between AR group and AS group(P0.05).CONCLUSION:Increased platelets turnover may induce AR,therefore,the patients with coronary artery disease should receive aspirn for multiple daily(antiplatelet therapy) or to take controlled release or sustained release aspirin.The safety and efficacy of these therapies should be confirmed in clinical trials.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and genotype distribution of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection among patients with cervical carcinoma or precancerous lesions in Xuzhou region. Methods 688 patients with cervical lesions confirmed by colposcopic biopsy were assigned to three groups:low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) (187 cases), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) (359 cases) and cervical carcinoma (142 cases). The genotypes of HPV were determined by nucleic acid hybridization technique. The prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV were further analyzed. Results The infection rates of HPV in LSIL , HSIL and ICC group were 68.98 % (129/187), 94.99 % (341/359), 95.78 % (136/142), respectively. These rates were statistically significant different (P< 0.05). With the aggravation of cervical lesions, HR-HPV infection rate was gradually increased and LR-HPV infection rate was gradually decreased. The most common HPV types were listed below in order of decreasing prevalence. LSIL:HPV16, 52, 58, 18, 31; HSIL: HPV16, 58, 33, 31, 52; cervical carcinoma: HPV16, 31, 58, 18, 33. Based on the cumulative logistic regression model, confidence intervals of the relevance between the overall HPV prevalence and occurrence of cervical lesions were calculated: HPV16 (OR= 7.215, P< 0.05), HPV31 (OR=2.768, P<0.05), HPV33 (OR=1.846, P<0.05), HPV58 (OR=1.726, P<0.05) Conclusions The prevalence of HR-HPV infections increased with the aggravation of cervical carcinoma in Xuzhou region. In order of decreasing prevalence, the most prevalent of HPV types are HPV16, 31, 33, 58. The results indicate that HPV18 have strong tumorigenicity, but is not popular in Xuzhou region. By contrast HPV52 is more common in LSIL than that in cervical carcinoma.

Objective To construct a genetically-stable double auxotrophic,in which the uracil and leucine were mutated,using the Candida parapolymorpha ATCC26012 as materials.Methods Based on the physical and genetic engineering methods,the chromosome of the C.parapolymorpha strain was modified,where the ura3 and leu2 genes were directly mutated,to obtain the uracil and leucine double auxotrophic strain.Then the constructed strain was identified by the analysis of its biological properties,such as genetic stability,the change of the genes,and the physiologic and biochemical characteristics.Results The uracil and leucine double auxotrophic strain is obtained by screening.The biological identification results show that the obtained strain is genetically stable and the targeted genes are directly altered.In addition,the physiologic and biochemical analyses indicate that the auxotrophic can utilize various kinds of carbon and nitrogen nutrient sources,and its growth is good.Conclusion The successful construction of double auxotrophic mutant strains facilitated the genetic studies on C.parapolymorpha to meet various investigational purposes.Moreover,the constructed auxotrophic strains can be applied as advantageous host cells to express multiple proteins/antigens simultaneously,which is of great significance in the development of vaccines.

Objective To explore the distinction between measles vaccine strain Shanghai-191 (S- 191) and wild-type strains in China at molecular level. Methods After having been amplified by RT-PCR, the nucleotides of S-191 was sequenced and analyzed with reference to the sequences obtained from Gen- Bank, which includes 24 whole genome sequences, 211 sequences of wild-type strains isolated from China and WHO reference strains. Results The sequence of S-191 strain had been submitted to GenBank. Phylo- genetic analysis of the COOH terminal 456 nucleotides coding for the nucleoprotein (N) indicated that most of the measles virus strains from China were members of clade H1. The genetic distances between the virus strains detected in a number of provinces and S-191 strain were 6.7% -8.2%. It is noteworthy that the muta- tion rate of non-coding regions was considerably higher than that of coding regions. The mutation rate of N gene was the highest among all of the coding regions. Conclusion This report shows that genotype H1 is widely distributed throughout the country. The circulation has no apparent geographic and temporal restric- tion. The evolution of measles virus should be closely followed.

The paper reports the systematic study on felodipine and its impurities in tablets, to improve its quality standards for the control of the related substances. HPLC-DAD, UPLC-MS, IR and NMR methods were used for the isolation of felodipine and its impurities in tablets, their identification and the zebrafish animal model was used for the analysis of the toxic impurities. In felodipine material and its tablets, three impurities are isolated and identified. They are impurity 1 [dimethyl 4-(2, 3-dichlorophenyl)-2, 6-dimethyl-1, 4-dihydropyridine-3, 5-dicarboxylate], impurity 2 [ethyl methyl 4-(2, 3-dichlorophenyl)-2, 6-dimethylpyridine-3, 5-dicarboxylate] and impurity 3 [diethyl 4-(2, 3-dichlorophenyl)-2, 6-dimethyl-1, 4-dihydropyridine-3, 5-dicarboxylate], separately. The result of zebrafish animal model analysis showed that the teratogenic effects of four compounds were: impurity 3 > or = felodipine > impurity 1 > impurity 2, lethal effects were as follows: impurity 2 = impurity 3 > felodipine > or = impurity 1. This study confirmed the toxicity of three impurities in felodipine. According to the results, the paper suggested the amendments to the standard of the medicine and provided the support to the control of impurities in the manufacturing process.

Objective To investigate the incidence of aspirin resistance (AR) in patients with Type Ⅱ Diabetes mellitus (DM) and the correlation between AR and advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) as well as the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). Methods A total of 69 patients with Type Ⅱ DM and another 23 patients without DM as control group were enrolled between October 2009 and July 2010. Blood lipid, blood routine, fasting blood glucose, Glycated hemoglobin (GHb/Hb A1c) ,fasting insulin were determined at first. After aspirin treatment for at least 7 days, platelet aggregation stimulated by arachidonic acid(AA) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) were measured. In addition, the level of serum AGEs was measured by using ELISA assay. The degree of insulin resistance was obtained by using HOMA-IR. Results The incidence of AR in patients with Type Ⅱ DM was higher than that in the controls(30.4% vs. 8.7%, P = 0.037 ); the levels of serum AGEs and HOMA-IR in patients with Type Ⅱ DM were higher than those in the controls [ (359.56 ± 120. 14) pg/mL vs. (275.45 ± 118.06)pg/mL, P=0. 004; (4.42 ±4.78) vs. ( 1.5 ±0.78), P＜0.01, respectively]; platelet aggregation stimulated by AA in the diabetic group was correlated with serum AGEs and HOMA-IR( R =0.463, P ＜0.01; R=0.290, P =0.016, respectively); and platelet aggregation stimulated by ADP was only positively correlated with HOMA-IR(R =0.242, P = 0.045). Conclusions The incidence of AR in patients with Type Ⅱ Diabetes mellitus is higher than that in the controls, and diabetics with higher serum AGEs and HOMA-IR are more likely to develop aspirin resistant.

Objective To evaluate the immunogenicity of group A and C meningococcal polysaccharides conjugates using different proteins as carriers. Methods Heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit (LTB)pentamer form was expressed in E. coli. The target protein was identified and purified by cation-exchange chromatography. Then biological activity of rLTB was tested using GM1-ELISA. GCMP was conjugated to rLTB with the chemical method (ADH). Furthermore, the mice were immunized with GAMp-TT/GCMP-TT conjugates and GAMP-TT/GCMP-rLTB conjugates via peritoneal. Finally the anti-polysaccharide antibody was detected. Results The GAMP-TT/GCMP-rLTB conjugate elicits remarkably higher serum antibodies in mice than GAMP-TT/GCMP-TT conjugate. Conclusion These results indicated that polysaccharide conjugates using different proteins as carriers were superior to those using only one protein as carrier.

Objective To evaluate the immunogenicity of the recombinant human papillomavirus type 68b (HPV68b) virus-like particles(VLPs)in a mouse model.Methods The L1 protein of HPV type 68b was successful expressed in the Hansenula polymorpha strain (NVSI-68b-1).Processes including purifi-cation and reconstitution were performed to achieve pure HPV 68b VLPs.The purity, morphology and immu-nogenicity of the purified HPV 68 b VLPs were further analyzed .The BALB/c mice were immunized with HPV68b VLPs formulated on aluminum adjuvant .Pseudovirus-neutralizing antibody ( PsV NAb) assay was performed to detect the neutralizing antibodies in serum samples .Results The HPV 68 b L1 VLPs were ob-tained as indicated by the results of SDS-PAGE, Western blot assay , HPLC, electron microscopy and dy-namic light scattering with a high purity of 95%.Transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scat-tering analysis revealed that the HPV68b L1 VLPs resembled the native virus with an average particle diame-ter of 50 nm.High levels of HPV68b-neutralizing antibodies were detected in serum samples from the mice immunized with HPV68b L1 VLPs.Moreover, a cross-protective efficacy of HPV68b L1 VLPs for HPV68a was observed .Conclusion This study suggested that the recombinant HPV 68 b VLPs expressed in a Han-senula polymorpha strain might be used as a potential candidate for the development of HPV vaccine .

Objective To evaluate the immune effects of virus-like particles ( VLPs) of VP1 pro-teins derived from norovirus GⅠ. 1 and GⅡ. 4 genotypes expressed in Hansenula polymorpha expression sys-tem. Methods SDS-PAGE and Western blot assay were performed to detect the purity of GⅠ. 1 and GⅡ. 4 VP1 proteins after purification. Morphologies of the recombinant VLPs were observed under transmission electron microscopy ( TEM) . Sizes and distributions of the VLPs were analyzed by dynamic light scattering analyzer. BT50(50% of blocking titer) was detected by HBGA (histo-blood group antigen) blocking assay in BALB/c mice immunized with different regimens. Results SDS-PAGE analysis of the purified recombinant GⅠ. 1 and GⅡ. 4 VP1 proteins showed that their purity were greater than 90%. Western blot assay con-firmed the specific bands of VLPs. TEM images showed that the sizes of purified GⅠ. 1 and GⅡ. 4 VP1 VLPs were at a mean diameter of 30-50 nm with clear border and high homogeneity, which was similar to that of wild virus. BT50 significantly increased in the groups, in which Al( OH) 3 was used as adjuvant. Con-clusion Animal studies have shown that administration of GⅠ. 1 and GⅡ. 4 VP1 VLPs in the presence of Al( OH) 3 induces detectable HBGA-blocking antibody, indicating that GⅠ. 1 and GⅡ. 4 VP1 VLPs are promising candidates for norovirus vaccine.