Cyber -knife a new stereotaxic radiosurgery instrument, which structure and technical characteristics are introduced. By application of real-time image aiming and synchronous dynamic tracking techniques, abandoning vicious location frame to solve the questions of traditional directional radiosurgery technique only use pate tumour. Cyber-knife is an innovative stereotaxic radiosurgery instrument, extends the indications of stereotaxic radiosurgery from intracranial neoplasms to extracranial tumors and has a widest development prospect in medical treatment.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for simultaneous determination of 6 residual organic solvents in aprepitant raw material as methanol,ethanol,acetone,isopropyl alcohol,methyl tert-butyl ether and tetrahydrofuran.METHODS:Headspace capillary gas chromatography was adopted.The determination was performed on DB-624 capillary column using temperature programming.The temperature of injector port was 180 ℃,and flame ionization detector was used with temperature of 260 ℃.Nitrogen was used as carrier gas with flow rate 3.0 mL/min.The spilt ratio was 5 ∶ 1,and head-space injection volume was 1.0 mL.The head-space equilibrium temperature was set at 80 ℃,and equilibrium time was 40 min.RESULTS:The linear ranges of methanol,ethanol,acetone,isopropyl alcohol,methyl tert-butyl ether,tetrahydrofuran were 6.052-605.232 μ g/mL (r=0.999 9),9.987-998.718 μg/mL(r=0.999 9),9.998-999.768 μg/mL(r=0.999 8),9.986-998.634 μg/mL(r=0.999 9),9.991-999.090 μg/mL (r=0.999 7),1.461-146.133 μg/mL(r=0.999 5),respectively.The limits of quantitation were 1.782 1,2.079 0,0.749 8,1.777 8,0.223 1,0.607 0 μg/mL;the limits of detection were 0.594 0,0.693 0,0.249 9,0.592 6,0.074 4,0.202 3 μg/mL,respectively.RSD of precision test was lower than 2.0％.Only acetone and isopropyl alcohol were detected in stability test and reproducibility tests,RSD＜2.0％.Their recoveries were 99.34-100.75％ (RSD=0.52％,n=9),98.20％-100.24％ (RSD=0.69％,n=9),98.07％-100.07％ (RSD=0.84％,n=9),99.86％-101.32％ (RSD=0.58％,n=9),97.87％-104.02％ (RSD=2.13％,n=9),98.26 ％-100.58 ％ (RSD =0.75 ％,n =9),respectively.CONCLUSIONS:The established method is simple,accurate and reproducible,and can be used for simultaneous determination of 6 residual organic solvents in aprepitant raw material.

Objective To investigate the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) on apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cell. Methods Human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1 orthotopic implantation tumor model was established in nude mice. Primary pancreatic cancer cells and that derived from lymphatic metastasis were primarily cultured. Expression of VEGF-C was inhibited through antisense oligodeoxynucleotide in vitro transfection. Reverse transcription polynlerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and flow cytometer were used to detect the effect of VEGF-C on apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells and bcl-2. Results After in vitro transfection, mRNA expression level of VEGF-C in PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells significantly decreased (P ＜0. 01 ). Apoptosis rate of pancreatic cancer cells derived from spontaneous lymphatic metastasis was (2. 83 ± 1.01 ) %, ( 4. 98 ± 2. 05 ) %,and ( 13.22 ±2. 17) % respectively for control group, SODN group and ASODN group after in vitro transfection among which apoptosis rate in ASODN group increased significantly (P ＜0. 01 ). However, apoptosis rate for pancreatic cancer cells derived from primary tumor had no obvious change (P ＞0.05), with (3.51 ±1.38)%, (4.76 ±2. 16 ) %, and (5. 33 ± 2. 18 ) % respectively in control group, SODN group and ASODN group. The expression level of bcl-2 in pancreatic cancer cells derived from spontaneous lymphatic metastasis decreased significantly (P ＜0. 05) while it had no obvious change in primary pancreatic cancer cells (P ＞ 0. 05). Conclusion To inhibit expression of VEGF-C in pancreatic cancer cell can promote apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cell, which is relevant to downregulation of bcl-2;however, it has no obvious effect on primary pancreatic cancer.

Objective To evaluate the value of three-dimensional color power angiography(3D-CPA) in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast tumors.Methods 3D-CPA vascular parameters were collected and analyzed in 121 breast solid lesions (63 malignant,58 benign) in the 114 female patients.The diagnostic performances of each parameter were compared by receiver operating characteristic (ROC)cure.Results The parameters of intra-tumor flow index (FI1),flow index of shells with outside thickness of 3mm surrounding the breast tumors(FI2 ) and the ratio of FI2 and FI1 (G2) in malignant group were significantly higher than those in benign group( P ＜0.05,respectively).Analysis of the areas under ROC curve showed that the areas under FI2 curve was the largest.No significant difference( P ＞0.05) was found between the area under FI2 curve and the area under G2 curve.Comparing the area under FI2 curve to that under FI1,there was significant differences ( P ＜ 0.05).Taking FI2 ≥ 27.385 as the critical value,the sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of malignant breast tumors were 88.9％ and 81.0％,and the positive and negative predictive values were 83.6％ and 87.0％ respectively.Conclusions The sensitivity and specificity of 3D-CPA parameter FI2 in the diagnosis of malignant breast tumors were higher than others,FI2 with the optimal critical value of ≥27.385 could help to identify malignant from benign breast tumors.

Objective To analyze the brain structure changes of the first-episode obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) patients who were scanned by three-dimensional structure magnetic resonance imaging.Methods According to the diagnostic criteria of OCD in American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM-Ⅳ),the fist-episode obsessive compulsive disorder patients as case group(OCD,n=26) and the adult healthy volunteers as control group (control group,n=25) were selected.All subjects were assessed with Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale(Y-BOCS),Hamilton Anxiety rating Scale (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD),and then,they received 3D-MRI scanning runs.All the data was processed with freesurfer software and analyzed about cerebral cortical volume,cortical thickness,cortical surface area,the local gyrification index and subcortical nuclei volume.Results Compared with control group,the cerebral cortical thickness of OCD group increased at the left postcentral gyrus ((2.223±0.118)mm),left supramarginal gyrus ((2.486 ± 0.027) mm) and left parahippocampal gyrus ((2.399±0.164)mm).The cerebral cortical surface area larged at the right inferior frontal gyrus((1.036±0.079) mm2),right paracentral lobule ((0.827 ± 0.048) mm2) and medial orbitofrontal ((0.990 ± 0.083)mm2),and decreased at right superior parietal lobule ((0.779 ± 0.040) mm2),right inferior parietal lobule ((0.767±0.093) mm2) and right inferior temporal gyrus ((0.888±0.070) mm2).The cerebral cortical volume increased at the right inferior frontal gyrus((2.330±0.223) mm3).The cerebral cortical local gyrification index decreased at right middle temporal gyrus(2.893±0.288)and left inferior temporal gyrus(2.589±0.100).Conclusion The first-episode OCD patients have multiple changes of brain structures,and this changes were priority for the frontal lobes,orbital frontal,parietal lobe,temporal lobe and hippocampus.The changes in these regions maybe have close relationship with symptoms of OCD.

Objectives In order to provide valuable information for the diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases,the prevalence and trend changes of common allergens in Beijing were investigated and analyzed.Methods This study was a retrospective data collection study.A total of 11 641 patients with allergen examinations were collected from Peking University First Hospital from 2013 to 2017.The positive rate of each allergen was counted according to age,season and year.The epidemiological characteristics and trends were analyzed.Results In the past five years,20 636 total IgE and 45 620 allergen-specific IgE were collected,and the total positive rate of total IgE was 47.8％ (9 874/20 636).The top three positive rates of inhaled allergens were Dermatophagoides farina (28.1％,509/1 812),Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (26.8％,503/1 876) and Mugwort (24.7％,240/971).The top three positive rates of food allergen were egg (17.3％,188/10 88),milk (16.7％,186/1 114) and wheat (15.3％,127/829).The positive rate of inhaled allergens (phad as an example) increased year by year.The positive rate of food allergens (fx5 as an example) reached its peak in 2015 (16.3％,511/3 139) and decreased slightly in the last two years (2016:13.0％,571/ 4 396;2017:7.4％,330/4 461).In inhaled allergens,the positive rate of weed pollen increased significantly in autumn.The positive rates of mx2 and dust mites were higher in summer.Food allergen did not change significantly with the seasons.Conclusions This study shown the distribution of allergens in patients with allergic diseases to a certain extent.It provided epidemiological data and clinical evidence for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.

Objective To investigate the changes of soluble lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (sLOX-1) and omentin-1 in patients with H-type hypertension complicated with acute ischemic stroke, and to analyze the correlation of sLOX-1 and omentin-1 levels with the severity and prognosis of the disease.Methods Totally 136 patients with H-type hypertension complicated with acute ischemic stroke from February2017 to May 2018 were selected as observation group, and 136 non-acute ischemic stroke patients with H-type hypertension in the same period as the control group. The patients of observation group were divided into mild, moderate and severe sub-groups according to NIHSS score, and they were also divided into good prognosis group and poor prognosis group based on modified RANKIN scale (mRS) score. The serum sLOX-1 and omentin-1 levels were detected, and the correlation of sLOX-1 and omentin-1 levels with severity and prognosis of disease was analyzed. Results The serum sLOX-1 level of the observation group was higher, but the serum omentin-1 level lower than that of control group (P < 0.05). With the severity of the disease, the serum sLOX-1 level increased, but the serum omentin-1 level decreased (P < 0.05). The serum sLOX-1 level of good prognosis group was significantly lower, whereas the serum omentin-1 level significantly higher than that of poor prognosis group (P < 0.05). sLOX-1 was positively correlated with NIHSS score and mRS score, while omentin-1 was negatively correlated with NIHSS score and mRS score (P < 0.05). Conclusions The levels of serum sLOX-1 and omentin-1 are closely related to the severity and prognosis of patients with H-type hypertension complicated with acute ischemic stroke, which could be used as markers for evaluating the severity and prognosis of the patients.

OBJECTIVES: Inflammation especially the overexpression of inflammasome and inflammatory cytokines, is one of the important reasons that affect the occurrence and development of acute cerebral infarction, including the initiation of cerebral infarction, the progress and recovery of post-infarction injury. This study aims to explore expressions of absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-18 (IL-18) in plasma of patients with acute cerebral infarction and its significance. METHODS: A total of 85 patients with acute cerebral infarction were enrolled in the cerebral infarction group. They were assigned into mild, moderate, and severe groups according to the severity of neurological deficits. They were assigned into small, middle, and large cerebral infarction groups according to the area of cerebral infarction. They were assigned into a good prognosis group and a poor prognosis group according to the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score on the 90th day after the onset. A total of 85 healthy controls were selected as a control group. The levels of AIM2, IL-1β, and IL-18 in plasma of the cerebral group and the control group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The levels of plasma AIM2, IL-1β, and IL-18 in the cerebral infarction group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all CONCLUSIONS Expressions of AIM2, IL-1β, and IL-18 are up-regulated in the plasma of patients with acute cerebral infarction, and they are closely related to the severity of neurological deficit, cerebral infarction area, and prognosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction, suggesting that AIM2, IL-1β, and IL-18 may play an important role in the occurrence and development of acute cerebral infarction.
Cerebral Infarction ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Humans ; Interleukin-18 ; Interleukin-1beta ; Melanoma ; Plasma ; Stroke