The lumbar part of the sympathetic trunk in 206 sides of cadavers was observed. The results were outlined as follows:1. The average length of the lumbar sympathetic trunk in the adults is 17.58?4.51 cm on the left side and 16.60?5.14 cm on the right side respectively.2. In most cases (40.29?3.42%), there are 4 lumbar sympathetic ganglia on each side. They may fuse with each other between themselves, or the 1st lumbar ganglion fuses with the lowest thoracic ganglion (12.60?2.31%), or the lowest lumbar ganglion fuses with the 1st sacral ganglion (6.31?1.69%).3. The lumbar sympathetic ganglion gives off ramus communicans connecting the corresponding spinal nerve. The number of the ramus communicans of each ganglion varies from 0 to 6, but in most cases, 2～3, and decreases from above downwards along the trunk. There are frequently two or more rami in the upper lumbar ganglia, but only one in the lower ganglia.4. The number and sites of the lumbar ganglia on both sides of an individual are rarely symmetric (1.98?1.37%). One of these ganglia is situated constantly near the brim of pelvis or the common iliac artery, and accordingly it can be found easily.Most of the lumbar arteries are situated deep to the lumbar sympathetic trunk, only in a few cases, they are situated superficially, and all of them occur on the left side. In 25.75?3.05%, the lumbar veins are likewise located superficially. This can be found in any pair of the veins, but frequently at 3rd or 4th ones.The observation may be helpful to surgical operation.

Objectives: To research the effects of recombinant human growth hormone on hypoproteinemia after severe head injury. Methods: Thirty six patients with hypoproteinemia after severe head injury were randomized into study group and control group. In study group, the rhGH was administered subcutaneously in the dose of 8 U every day for 7～10 days. Serum albumin, prealbumin and transferin were determined in 5 days and 10 days after giving rhGH. Results: The serum albumin, prealbumin and transferin were increased obviously in study group. Conclusions: rhGH can effectively correct hypoproteinemia after severe head injury.

The paper introduces the ideas of designing hospital information system, including comprehensive cabling, network cover-age, ward calling system, ward monitoring system, queuing management, media teaching, multi -function hall, digital meeting and se-curity system, which would provide reference for the designing and implementation of hospital information system.

Objective To sum up main syndrome differentiation points of liver depression and spleen asthenia syndrome of chronic hepatitis B(CHB).Methods Logistic regression and discriminant analysis were used for analysis of symptoms,tongue and pulse of liver depression and spleen asthenia syndrome,liver depression syndrome and spleen asthenia syndrome.Results The symptoms selected by logistic regression of liver depression and spleen asthenia syndrome were:abdominal distention or pain,lassitude,poor appetite,loose stool,hypochondriac pain or discomfort and tense pulse;while that selected by discriminant analysis were:abdominal distention or pain,lassitude,loose stool and yellowish fur.Conclusion Main syndrome differentiation points of liver depression and spleen asthenia syndrome of CHB include hypochondriac pain or discomfort,abdominal distention or pain,lassitude,poor appetite and loose stool.Logistic regression and discriminant analysis are feasible for analysis of main diagnosis points of liver depression and spleen asthenia syndrome of CHB.

Objective To select the optimum bases for Sihuang Gao and study the method for quality control.Method Ultra-fine powders of Radix Scutellariae,Cortex Phellodendri,Radix et Rhizoma Rhei and Rhizoma Coptidis were used to prepare Sihuang Gao with different formulations,the bacteriostatic action of which were compared and stability were inspected.The best prescription was identified by TLC,and the skin irritation was observed.Result Sihuang Gao made of water-soluble base had a strong antibacterial activity and stable quality,and it was proved no irritation,the contents of active component could be detected by TLC.Conclusion The quality was controllable,and the improvement prescription can be used in the clinic.

Objective To optimize the preparation process of Xiaochuan Tiegao. Methods The effective compound imporatorin of Dahurian Angelica Root was determined by HPLC. The best condition of preparation process for the ethanol-extraction method was investigated by L9(34) orthogonal design. Results The optimum technical condition:adding 2 times ethanol, cooking 1 hour and 2 times with 90% ethanol. Conclusion The method is reliable, accurate and easy to operate.

Objective To develop an HPLC method for the assay of sinapine thiocyanate in Semen Sinapis Albae of different processed products. Methods It was assayed by RP-HPLC. The column was Hypersil BDS Phenyl (5 ?m, 250 mm?4.6 mm), the mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.08 mol/L KH2PO4 (15∶85). The UV detection wavelength was 240 nm. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. Results Good linearity of sinapine thiocyanate was showed within the range of 0.8～4.0 ?g (r=0.999 7). The average recovery was 100.98% (RSD=3.51%). Conclusion The method is simple, accurate and good reproducible. It can be used for quality control of Semen Sinapis Albae of different processed products.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus (TAC) for treatment of Henoch-SchSnlein purpura nephritis in children.Methods Forty children with Henoch-SchSnlein purpura nephritis (pathological grade Ⅲ-Ⅵ) in Children's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University from January 2013 to June 2016 were selected and divided into TAC group (n =19) and cyclophosphamide (CTX) group (n =21).The children in TAC group were given TAC orally;the children in CTX group were given CTX pulse therapy intravenously.The 24 h urine protein,urine red blood cell count,serum albumin,serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen of children before treatment and after 6 months treatment were observed and compared between the two groups.The treatment effects and adverse reactions of patients were observed and compared between the two groups.Results There was no statistic difference in the 24 h urine protein,urine red blood cells count,serum albumin,blood creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels of children between the two groups before treatment (P ＞ 0.05).The 24 h urinary protein and urine red blood cells count of children after 6 months of treatment in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05);there was no statistic difference in the serum albumin,serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels of children in the two groups before treatment and after 6 months of treatment (P ＞ 0.05).Mter 6 months of treatment,the 24 h urine protein and urine red blood cells count of children in TAC group were significantly lower than those in the CTX group (P ＜ 0.05);there was no statistic difference in the serum albumin,serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels of children between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).After 6 months treatment,the effective rate of children in the TAC group was significantly higher than that in the CTX group (x2 =4.607,P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions of children in the TAC group was significantly lower than that in the CTX group (x2 =4.043,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion TAC is effective in treatment of Henoch-Sch(o)nlein purpura nephritis in children.It is easy to take,and has less adverse reactions.

Objective To investigate the percentage of Th17 cells and regulatory T cells in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) and observe the effects of methylprednisolone infusion on these cells.Methods The circulating Th17 cells and CD4+ CD25highT cells of 66 MG patients and 35 healthy controls were detected using four colour cytometry. The relationship between these cells and MGFA score in 18 MG patients and in 8 MG patients after methylprednisolone was infusion were also analyzed in this study. Results There was significant difference in the percentage of circulating Th17 cells between MG patients (2. 61% ±0. 28% ) and the healthy controls (0. 94% ± 0. 12%, Z = 4. 059, P = 0. 0001 ). Methylprednisolone therapy significantly reduced the percentage of circulating Th17 cells from 4. 72% ± 1.21% to 1.81% ± 0. 69%(Z = 1. 995,P = 0. 0460). In addition, the percentage of Th17 cells showed a positive correlation with MGFA score(r =0. 5359, P =0. 0219). Conclusions Circulating Th17 cells are elevated in MG patients.Methylprednisolone therapy can reduce such elevation, and this may be important in mediating symptomatic improvement in MG patients.

Objective To evaluate the value of PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP),real-time PCR and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) in the genetic diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and make laboratory support accessible to clinicians for the molecular diagnosis of SMA.Methods Methodological evaluation.Forty-one suspected SMA cases and 359 control individuals received in Shanghai Children's Medical Centre from March 2013 to June 2014 were detected for the deletion of exon 7 and 8 in the survival motor neuron gene 1 (SMN 1) by PCR-RFLP,realtime PCR and MLPA,respectively.Then the results of the three methods were compared and the benefits and limitations of the three methods were evaluated.Results The result of real-time PCR was in complete agreement with that of MLPA,showing that 29 suspected cases harbored homozygous deletions of SMN1 and 1 case possessed heterozygous deletion.Among the homozygous deletions,27 patients demonstrated absence of exon 7 and 8,and 2 cases demonstrated only the absence of exon 7.Meanwhile,both PCR-RFLP and MLPA analysis showed the same results that only 5 out of 395 control cases carried heterozygous deletion.As for cases without heterozygous deletions,PCR-RFLP demonstrated the same result with real-time PCR and MLPA but it missed all the heterozygous ones.Conclusions PCR-RFLP,the conventional SMA gene diagnosis method,was only capable of detecting homozygous deletion of exon 7 and/or 8 of SMN1,but was not as sensitive as to find out the carriers with heterozygous deletions.MLPA could detect the deletion and quantify the copy numbers of exon 7 and 8 of SMN1,efficiently,while the price was relatively high,which brings challenges for its application in the carrier screening of SMA.Compared with these two methods,realtime PCR with high throughput and low input was a rapid,acourate and economic method for the genetic diagnosis of SMA and carrier screening in large populations.