Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the malignant tumor that affect older men with high morbidity and mortality.The number of PCa patients in our country increased year by year,therefore it is of great significance for early diagnosis and treatment.Prostate specific antigen (PSA) plays an important role in the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of early PCa.The related parameters of PSA (F/TPSA,CPSA,PSAV,PSAD and PSATZ) in this article which is applied to the value of early diagnosis PCa were reviewed,which aimed to provide theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis of Pca.

Objective To provide evidence for the clinical prevention and treatment of prostate cancer by the clinical study in elderly patients with prostate cancer and metabolic syndrome(MS).Methods 196 patients diagnosed as prostate cancer in our hospital from July 2007 to March 2013 were recruited.Clinical data,including age,height,body weight,waistline,triacylglycerol(TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),fasting blood glucose (FPG),prostate specific antigen (PSA),prostate volume(PV),systolic and diastolic blood pressures and pathological Gleason score,were analyzed.Patients were divided into two groups of prostate cancer with and without MS.Results The prostate cancer with MS group showed no statistical differences from simple prostate cancer group in the levels of age,TG,systolic pressure(SBP),diastolic pressure(DBP) and Gleason score(all P＞0.05),but had statistical differences in the levels of BMI,waistline,FPG,HDL-C,PSAandPV(t=2.89,2.67,3.13,-3.16,-3.13,3.14,respectively,all P＜0.05).SerumPSA level was lower in patients with obesity and high level of TG than in patients without obesity and high level of TG(t=4.27 and 3.89,all P＜0.01),while serum PSA level was lower in men with high FPG and low HDL than in men with normal levels of FPG and HDL-C,but had no statistically significant differences(all P＞0.05).Serum PSA level was higher in patients with high diastolic pressure than with normal diastolic pressure level(t=0.138,P＜0.01).PSA was positively correlated with age and DBP(r=0.21 and 0.18,both P＜0.01) and negatively correlated with BMI,FPG,TG(r=-0.12,-0.18,-0.03,respectively,all P＜0.01),but had no significant correlations with waistline,HDLC,and SBP.Conclusions The correlation of the occurrence and development of prostate cancer with metabolic syndrome may exist,and the level of serum PSA is also correlated with MS.Serum PSA level is affected by age,DBP,BMI,FPG and TG.

Objective To evaluate the semen quality and sperm morphology in the patients with different grades of varicocele. Methods Semen from 121 patients with varicocele which were divided into three groups, gradel, grade Ⅱ and grade Ⅲ, were studied and those of 23 normal male were taken as the control. Semen analysis was performed with the methods described in the WHO manual and sperm morphology was evaluated by WHO cri-teria. Results A significant reduction of semen quality and sperm morphology and an increase of small oval head, tapering head and amorphous head sperm were found in patients with different grades of varicocele compa-ring with those of the control. There was no difference in routine analysis between different groups. A reducetion of normal morphology percentage in grade Ⅲ were found comparing with grade Ⅱ (P<0.01). An increase of a-morphous head sperm in grade Ⅲ was found comparing with that of sperm in grade Ⅱ (P <0.01). Canclusions The routine semen analysis can not distinguish seminal damage between different grades of varicocele, but the sperm morphology can reflect the sperm state. Therefore, the patients with varicocele should not only get routine semen analysis but also check the sperm morphology.